1/56. Severe, non X-linked congenital microcephaly with absence of the pyramidal tracts in two siblings.In two siblings (a female and a male neonate), severe microcephaly, bilateral absence of the pyramids, severe hypoplasia of the cerebral peduncles, and dysplasia of the inferior olives was found together with microphthalmia, facial malformations and multiple contractures of the extremities. In both cases, the cerebral hemispheres otherwise showed a more or less normal gyral pattern with the insula incompletely covered by the opercula, and a tom but otherwise intact corpus callosum. In case 2, congenital cataract was also observed. The present cases can be characterized as a rapidly fatal, familial syndrome, probably transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, and have several features in common with the Neu-Laxova syndrome. They differ in having a less severe form of microcephaly, a rather normal cytoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex, an apparently normal corpus callosum, no gross cerebellar abnormalities, and no other organ malformations. The present cases belong to a group of heterogeneous syndromes which have microcephaly, ocular and facial malformations, multiple contractures, and ichthyosis-like skin in common.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ocular (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/56. Atrichia, ichthyosis, follicular hyperkeratosis, chronic candidiasis, keratitis, seizures, mental retardation and inguinal hernia: a severe manifestation of IFAP syndrome?A boy with congenital atrichia, ichthyosis follicular, keratitis, cutaneous infections and a huge inguinal hernia, but without deafness is reported. We believe it represents a new case of a rare X-linked recessive syndrome known as ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, photophobia syndrome (IFAP). The differential diagnosis from keratitis ichthyosis deafness is discussed. The cutaneous infections seen in our case suggest the possibility of considering a genetic link between these syndromes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11726.531968198keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/56. Auditory manifestations of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome.OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the auditory manifestations of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome, a rare genodermatosis characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis, vascularizing keratitis, and congenital hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN: Five individuals with sporadic KID syndrome were evaluated in the outpatient audiology clinic at the Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center of the National Institutes of health. methods: Audiologic examinations included pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and middle ear immittance testing. Auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions were analyzed in 2 subjects. RESULTS: Four subjects had prelingual, bilateral, profound sensorineural hearing loss, whereas the fifth subject had significant residual hearing that exhibited no progression on serial audiograms. All 5 subjects had a history of non-erosive keratosis obturans and cutaneous cysts in the external ear canals that prevented continuous use of ear molds. CONCLUSIONS: The sensorineural hearing loss in KID syndrome is generally prelingual and profound. This combination of auditory and cutaneous phenotypes is similar to those previously reported for KID syndrome. KID syndrome presents a difficult challenge for communication rehabilitation because keratitis may impair the perception of sign and spoken language, and the cutaneous manifestations routinely curtail use of external amplification devices.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3908.8439893993keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/56. A novel connexin 26 mutation in a patient diagnosed with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome.keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by erythrokeratoderma, deafness, and keratitis. Scarring alopecia and squamous cell carcinoma can also occur. Most cases described so far were sporadic. Here we present evidence that keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome is caused by a mutation in the connexin 26 gene. This finding expands the spectrum of disorders caused by defects in connexin 26 and implies the gene in normal corneal function, hair growth, and carcinogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11726.531968198keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/56. Fatal septicemia in an infant with keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome.keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of unknown etiology in which increased susceptibility to viral, bacterial, and mycotic infections has been observed. We report an infant with KID syndrome who died from overwhelming systemic infection. To date, investigations into the immune function of patients with this syndrome have not revealed a common underlying systemic immune deficit. However, the severity of infections and multiplicity of organisms observed in this syndrome suggest that a primary immunodeficiency is present in addition to an impaired cutaneous barrier to microorganisms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7817.6879787985keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/56. keratitis, ichthyosis and deafness syndrome with development of multiple hair follicle tumours.We report multiple occurrences of various kinds of tumours that originate from hair follicles in a patient diagnosed with KID (keratitis, ichthyosis, deafness) syndrome. These tumours are diagnosed as: (i) trichilemmal cysts in early lesions; (ii) proliferating trichilemmal tumours in moderate duration lesions; and (iii) malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumours in advanced lesions that are thought to progress from benign trichilemmal lesions. This three-step process raises the hypothesis of a multihit model that could account for the frequent development of tumours in KID patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1954.4219946996keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/56. Squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with Netherton's syndrome.A 29-year-old white woman with a history of Netherton's syndrome presented with two squamous cell carcinomas on the right dorsal hand and the left upper arm. She reported a 2-year history of these lesions, which were originally treated as warts. She denied excessive sun exposure, immunosuppressive therapy, or a previous history of skin cancer. Her past medical history included acute renal failure, multiple urinary tract infections, meningitis, and recurrent otitis media as a child. In addition, she had an ovarian abscess at 4 years of age with resulting salpingo-oophorectomy. She also reported a history of severe myopia, glaucoma, and multiple ocular infections with a resulting corneal scar. In addition to atopic dermatitis, she had a 10-year history of psoriasis. Her medications included topical steroids and emollients for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, in addition to timolol ophthalmic drops for glaucoma. Her family history was significant for a 22-year-old sister with Netherton's syndrome (Fig. 1). She denied any history of skin cancer in her sister or other members of her family. On physical examination, she had an exfoliative erythroderma, madarosis, and diffuse patchy alopecia. In the bilateral axilla, she had well-defined pink scaly plaques which were confirmed as psoriasis by biopsy. On the right dorsal hand, she had a 1.5 x 1.0 cm pink verrucous plaque (Fig. 2). On the left upper arm, she had a 1.5 x 0.8 cm pink scaly plaque. Biopsies of both sites confirmed squamous cell carcinomas. Both lesions were completely excised with 4 mm margins.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ocular (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/56. KID syndrome: response to acitretin.KID syndrome is rare. We report a 17-year-old girl who presented with universally ichthyotic red hue on the face, trunk, and extremities along with deafness and keratitis since childhood. She was diagnosed with KID syndrome. Treatment with acitretin cleared the hyperkeratotic ichthyotic lesions with little effect on the cornea or hearing. acitretin seems to be a promising new treatment in KID syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1954.4219946996keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/56. keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome.An 8-year-old boy with keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome is reported. The patient has ichthyosis and deafness. Additional clinical features include hair and tooth abnormalities, as well as absence of the mammary glands. Although keratitis is an important element in the triad of KID syndrome, this patient has another ophthalmologic defect, a developmental anomaly of the lacrimal puncta, characterized by their complete absence. The case appears to be unique in the literature in that, to my knowledge, this particular ocular anomaly has not been described previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3909.8439893993keywords = keratitis, ocular (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/56. Atypical ichthyosiform erythrodernam deafness and keratitis. A report of two cases.Two patients with ichthyosiform erythroderma of the same unusual but characteristic distribution are described. Both patients were born with perceptive deafness and developed severe vascularizing keratitis in early childhood. There is no family history of the disorder in either case. This syndrome is discussed in relation to previous reports of atypical ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with deafness.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9772.1099734982keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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