1/16. Contrast enema depiction of small-bowel volvulus in complicated neonatal bowel obstruction.About one-half of patients with meconium ileus (MI) present with a complication such as volvulus, atresia, meconium peritonitis or giant cystic meconium peritonitis. The treatment of these complications requires surgery. However, the preoperative diagnosis of complicated MI is difficult. We describe two neonates with complicated small-bowel obstruction, one with MI related to cystic fibrosis and the other not related to cystic fibrosis. In both, contrast enema depicted a spiral appearance of the distal small bowel, which at surgery proved to be the result of volvulus associated with antenatal bowel perforation. This appearance of the small bowel on contrast enema in this clinical setting has not been previously described. The recognition of this spiral appearance of the distal small bowel suggests the need for surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. Complications and follow-up of gastroschisis.Twenty-seven patients with gastroschisis were seen at the red cross war Memorial Children's Hospital between 1960 and 1977. Twenty-five children were operated on either by primary closure, by skin closure alone, or by the insertion of a reinforced Silastic pouch or patch. The mortality rate has been reduced from 62% to 33% over the past 6 years. Despite better metabolic and respiratory care and intravenous alimentation, serious complications still occur, particularly when prematurity and associated anomalies such as atresia or meconium ileus exist. Other problems were respiratory complications, ileus, perforation, gangrene, intestinal obstruction, enterocolitis and disaccharide intolerance. The long-term follow-up of some of these patients is described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. Antiretroviral agents mimicking functional neonatal bowel obstruction: a case report.A group of neonates born by elective Caesarean delivery to hiv infected mothers taking the antiretroviral agent zidovudine, are presented. The three newborns were also treated with zidovudine immediately postnatally, and developed functional distal bowel obstruction. The bowel obstruction resolved with conservative management and cessation of the oral antiretroviral agent. The combination of caesarian delivery and antiretroviral agents should be considered as a possible cause for delayed meconium passage and a functional distal bowel obstruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Tween 80/diatrizoate enemas in bowel obstruction.Although successful treatment of meconium ileus with Gastrografin enema has been attributed to the hypertonicity of this material, Tween 80, present in a 0.75% concentration, may be its most effective component. Tween 80 acts as a surface-active substance and stool emulsifier. An enema solution of 1%-2% Tween 80 and isotonic sodium diatrizoate has been effective in the relief of meconium or fecal mass obstruction in infants and children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. Perinatal listeriosis--a review of twelve patients.From July, 1974 to February, 1978, we managed 12 infants with listeriosis. This infection presented in two distinct forms: an early-onset type (nine patients), often representing a congenital infection following maternal illness, and a late-onset type in which the patient presented with meningitis (three patients). Of our nine infants with early-onset disease, three died, three developed permanent sequelae, and only three were normal at follow-up. Appropriate early management in the perinatal period may improve the outlook in this condition. Affected infants were often premature and had pneumonia, rash, and hepatosplenomegaly at birth. Prenatal clues to the diagnosis included maternal fever, abdominal pains, and leukocytosis with meconium staining of the preterm amniotic fluid. Examination of gastric aspirate at birth showed gram-positive coccobacilli. Antibiotic therapy should be started prenatally and continue for three weeks after birth to prevent recurrences of the late-onset type. This late-onset disease presented as meningitis after the second week of life and responded well to antibiotics. Our three patients recovered without sequelae.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Neonatal nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis.Neonatal nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), a rare disorder yet to be diagnosed antemortem, is described in two infants. The first infant was postmature and suffered from polycythemia and meconium aspiration. The meconium-stained placenta manifested evidence of ischemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The second patient was delivered near term by cesarean section, and hyaline membrane disease developed. The pathogenesis of NBTE may relate to perinatal hypoxia with transient tricuspid insufficiency, polycythemia, and DIC.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. Neonatal small left colon syndrome.Neonatal small left colon syndrome is a functional disease of the lower colon which produces typical signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. It is manifest in the first 24-48 hours of life, particularly in infants of diabetic mothers and, if detected early, it can be fully cured by radiographic contrast enemas, not unlike meconium plug syndrome. intestinal perforation and death may occur, however. The etiology of the disease is unknown but it may relate to neurohumoral imbalances between the autonomic nervous system and glucagon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. cystic fibrosis presenting with the meconium plug syndrome.The meconium plug syndrome (MPS) is a common cause of low intestinal obstruction in newborn infants. Usually, it is benign and not associated with other intestinal dysfunction. We describe the cases of three infants in whom there was intestinal obstruction consistent with the MPS and in which cystic fibrosis (CF) was later documented. We suggest that there is an association between the MPS and CF, and that the condition of all infants with the MPS be evaluated for the possibility of both Hirschsprung's disease and CF.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6666666666667keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Neonatal ascites in benin, nigeria.Seven cases of neonatal ascites are presented. The commonest cause is obstructive uropathy from posterior urethral valves which was present in four patients. Two infants had septicaemia and meconium peritonitis was found in the seventh case. Radiological evaluation often revealed the anatomic lesion. The mortality rate was 100%.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. meconium peritonitis-observations in 115 cases and antenatal diagnosis.In 20 years the authors have met with 115 cases of meconium peritonitis (MP). The high incidence in china is shown. In all cases there were intraabdominal calcifications. There were no cases of fibrocystic disease. The authors classify 3 types: 1. Neonatal obstructive type 41 cases. 2. Free perforation with: Free pneumoperitoneum 15 cases. Localized pneumoperitoneum 23 cases. 3. No signs or symptoms, with potential intestinal obstruction 23 cases. The series shows a low incidence of atresia. The authors suggest necrotizing enterocolitis as a cause because of the high incidence of stenosis. Three prenatally diagnosed cases are discussed. All had hydramnios and fetal abdominal calcifications. Two of these were confirmed after birth. The mortality is high (42.6%). Abdominal x-ray in all cases with polyhydramnios may lead to a positive diagnosis of MP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = meconium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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