1/6. Cronkhite-canada syndrome with colon cancer, portal thrombosis, high titer of antinuclear antibodies, and membranous glomerulonephritis.A 64-year-old man, who came to us with diarrhea, presented with ectodermal changes such as hyperpigmentation, alopecia, and onychatrophy, and was affected by polyposis in the colorectum and stomach. The polyps were histologically consistent with those in Cronkhite-canada syndrome (CCS). Interestingly, the patient also had colon cancer, as well as portal thrombosis and a high concentration of antinuclear antibody. Treatment with prednisolone ameliorated the symptoms and the gastrointestinal polyposis, while the cancer was successfully treated with a hemicolectomy. Six months after the surgery, the patient developed nephropathy, with nephrotic-range proteinuria, without recurrence of the cancer. The biopsied renal specimen showed membranous glomerulonephritis. This is a rare case of CCS associated with various complications such as colon cancer, portal vein thrombosis, a high titer of antinuclear antibodies, and membranous glomerulonephritis. Although the pathogenesis of CCS is essentially unknown, these complications might have been indicative of an underlying immunological abnormality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. Cronkhite-canada syndrome with adenomatous and carcinomatous transformation of colonic polyp.We describe a 70-year-old woman who presented with watery diarrhea and was found to have gastric and colonic polyposis, cutaneous hyperpigmentation, alopecia and onychodystrophy (Cronkhite-canada syndrome). histology of a polyp from the stomach showed features of juvenile or retention type (hamartomatous) polyp. One colonic polyp revealed features of tubular adenoma, with moderate dysplasia. Another large pedunculated colonic polyp showed a tubulovillous adenoma with a focus of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma confined to the submucosa of the stalk. Adenomatous and carcinomatous epithelial changes can occur in Cronkhite-canada syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Cronkhite-canada syndrome containing colon cancer and serrated adenoma lesions.We describe a case of Cronkhite-canada syndrome associated with sigmoid colon cancer, and provide a literature review. A 77-year-old man was diagnosed with sigmoid colon cancer after presenting with hypoproteinemia, nail atrophy, loss of scalp hair, hyperpigmentation, and gastrointestinal polyposis. The findings were consistent with Cronkhite-canada syndrome. The colon polyps were histologically serrated adenomas, whose crypts showed a saw-toothed growth pattern with dysplasia, or tubular adenoma. Cronkhite-canada syndrome associated with colon cancer has been reported in 31 cases. The availability of histologic material permitted reexamination of 25 of these cases. Serrated adenoma of the polypoid lesions was retrospectively found in 10 (40%) of the 25 cases. By comparison, the incidence of serrated adenomas has been estimated to occur in about 1% of all general polyps. Taken together, it is suggested that Cronkhite-canada syndrome associated with colorectal cancer frequently has polyps containing serrated adenoma lesions. In the case described here, microsatellite instability and overexpression of the p53 protein were found in the cancer lesion and serrated adenoma lesions, and none of the lesions showed a loss of heterozygosity of various genes or K-RAS mutations. Thus, genetic alterations between the serrated adenoma and the colorectal cancer was correlated in this case. These findings suggested the possibility of a serrated adenoma-carcinoma sequence in this case of Cronkhite-canada syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Non-familial juvenile polyposis with histological evidence of adenomatous transformation.A 14-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, diarrhoea and a sensation of something prolapsing through the anus during defecation, and was found to have diffuse colonic polyposis. There was no evidence of mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation and family history was negative, suggesting a diagnosis of non-familial juvenile polyposis. Histological analysis of multiple endoscopic biopsies showed features typical of juvenile or retention type (hamartomatous) lesions: dilated cystic glands lined by mucocus-secreting epithelium and prominent, inflamed and congested lamina propria. However, admixed with these features, focal areas of atypical adenomatous changes were recognized. Even the intervening normal-looking colonic mucosa showed some dysplastic changes. These findings indicate that hamartomatous and atypical adenomatous epithelial changes can co exist in non-familial juvenile polyposis and the latter may confer a risk of malignant transformation in this otherwise non-neoplastic disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. A case of Cronkhite-canada syndrome with taste disturbance as a leading complaint.Cronkhite-canada syndrome was first described in 1955. The clinical features of this rare syndrome of unknown etiology include nonhereditary gastrointestinal polyposis together with diarrhea, nail dystrophy, alopecia, and hyperpigmentation of the skin. This syndrome has been divided into five clinical types based on initial symptoms. We describe a case of Cronkhite-canada syndrome presenting with taste disturbance as the major symptom, present a comprehensive review of the literature concerning this rare syndrome, and suggest therapeutic treatment options.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Cronkhite-canada syndrome with hypothyroidism.Cronkhite-canada syndrome is a rare, noninherited gastrointestinal polyposis syndrome associated with characteristic ectodermal abnormalities. This report describes a 60-year-old female who was diagnosed with Cronkhite-canada syndrome with hypothyroidism after presenting with chronic diarrhea, alopecia, intermittent abdominal pain, generalized gastrointestinal polyposis, hyperpigmentation, and nail dystrophy. Endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum showed multiple sessile polyps and mucosal erosion associated with evidence of chronic inflammation. colonoscopy also revealed mucosal edema and diffuse polyposis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperpigmentation (Clic here for more details about this article) |