1/156. rupture mechanism of a thrombosed slow-growing giant aneurysm of the vertebral artery--case report.A 76-year-old male developed left hemiparesis in July 1991. The diagnosis was thrombosed giant vertebral artery aneurysm. He showed progressive symptoms and signs of brainstem compression, but refused surgery and was followed up without treatment. He died of rupture of the aneurysm and underwent autopsy in March 1995. Histological examination of the aneurysm revealed fresh clot in the aneurysmal lumen, old thrombus surrounding the aneurysmal lumen, and more recent hemorrhage between the old thrombus and the inner aneurysmal wall. The most important histological feature was the many clefts containing fresh blood clots in the old thrombus near the wall of the distal neck. These clefts were not lined with endothelial cells, and seemed to connect the lumen of the parent artery with the most peripheral fresh hemorrhage. However, the diameter of each of these clefts is apparently not large enough to transmit the blood pressure of the parent artery. Simple dissection of the aneurysmal wall by blood flow in the lumen through many clefts in the old thrombus of the distal neck may be involved in the growth and rupture of thrombosed giant aneurysms of the vertebral artery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/156. Angiographical extravasation of contrast medium in hemorrhagic infarction. Case report.Leakage of the contrast medium was noted on angiograms of a patient whose autopsied brain disclosed typical pathological findings of hemorrhagic infarction. The case was a 63-year old woman with mitral valve failure, who suddenly had loss of consciousness and right-sided hemiplegia. The left carotid angiography performed six hours after onset demonstrated middle cerebral arterial axis occlusion, and the second angiography performed three days after onset displayed recanalization of the initially occluded artery as well as extravasation of the contrast medium. Fourteen days after onset the patient died and an autopsy was performed. The brain demonstrated perivascular punctate hemorrhages in the area supplied by the middle cerebral artery, and neither hematoma nor microaneurysm was disclosed pathologically. A short discussion is given on the possible relationship between recanalization and hemorrhagic infarction. The clinical assessment of hemorrhagic infarction has not been established successfully.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.083333333333333keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/156. basilar artery occlusion due to spontaneous basilar artery dissection in a child.basilar artery occlusion (BAO) causing brainstem infarction occurred in a 7-year-old boy without any basic disorders. A diagnosis of BAO due to basilar artery dissection (BAD) was suspected at angiography, and this was confirmed by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These investigations clearly showed all the typical diagnostic signs such as a pseudolumen, double lumen and intimal flap, and a pseudolumen in resolution. The spontaneous healing of the dissection was clearly demonstrated during 10 months of follow-up. We stress that BAD can occur in young children and that combined diagnosis with gadolinium-enhanced MRI and angiography is conclusive for diagnosis of dissecting aneurysms. Wider use of these combined diagnostic methods will allow the detection of less severe basilar artery dissection, thus extending the spectrum of presentation and prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.083333333333333keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/156. Twinkling artifact on intracerebral color Doppler sonography.Transcranial Doppler sonography shows potential as a noninvasive technique for long-term follow-up of treated intracranial saccular aneurysms. This technical note describes a color Doppler artifact related to microcoil architecture that might represent a potential pitfall in transcranial Doppler sonographic evaluation of aneurysmal cavity thrombosis, since it may be wrongly interpreted as residual flow or aneurysmal cavity recanalization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/156. subarachnoid hemorrhage due to septic embolic infarction in infective endocarditis.During antibiotic therapy, a 56-year-old man with a streptococcus bovis endocarditis developed an infarction of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). Thirty hours after stroke onset, cranial computed tomography controls demonstrated a secondary subarachnoid hemorrhage, marked in the cistern of the right MCA. The latent period, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, angiographic and pathologic findings favor the assumption of a pyogenic arterial wall necrosis of the MCA due to a septic embolus. This pathomechanism of intracranial hemorrhage in infective endocarditis should be distinguished from a rupture of a mycotic aneurysm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.083333333333333keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/156. Treatment and results of partially thrombosed giant aneurysms.Partially thrombosed giant aneurysms are one of the most difficult diseases in the neurosurgical field. We have had 18 of these cases namely, three in vertebral artery, four in basilar artery, four in internal carotid artery, five in middle cerebral artery, and two in anterior communicating artery. Nine aneurysms were clipped, two aneurysms were removed with anastomosis, two cases were treated interventionally, and five cases were treated conservatively because of serpentine and fusiform types of aneurysms in internal carotid artery bifurcation. These conservatively treated patients died due to infarction. When surgery is selected in the thrombosed giant aneurysms, the approach is the most important to secure the neck. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography was useful to plan the strategy for surgery. If the neck is big enough for placement of a clip, arterial reconstruction is the choice. The reconstruction must be done including an adequate size of the artery because of the thick wall. If the aneurysm neck is too small to reconstruct, aneurysmectomy with anastomosis is one of the choices.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.91666666666667keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/156. Acute deterioration from thrombosis and rerupture of a giant intracranial aneurysm.The authors describe a patient with an unusual clinicopathologic picture of giant aneurysmal hemorrhage followed by sudden deterioration due to acute intra-aneurysmal thrombosis and fatal rebleeding. This patient underscores the poor natural history associated with this devastating disease and serves to highlight the dangers inherent in the delayed treatment of these life-threatening lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/156. Endovascular stent placement for cervical internal carotid artery aneurysm causing cerebral embolism: usefulness of neuroradiological evaluation.We present a case of a cervical internal carotid artery aneurysm that caused cerebral embolism. This lesion was supposed to be a dissecting aneurysm due to blunt neck injury. The large aneurysm with intramural thrombus was treated with endovascular placement of a balloon-expandable stent. Both CT and MRI were useful for evaluating the size and characteristics of the aneurysmal wall. Intravascular ultrasound imaging was also useful for evaluation of the satisfactory stent deployment and identification of the neck of the aneurysm. We discuss effectiveness of endovascular stenting for cervical internal carotid artery aneurysm with intramural thrombus and the usefulness of a combination of the neuroradiological imaging before, during and after the interventional procedure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/156. Aggravation of brainstem symptoms caused by a large superior cerebellar artery aneurysm after embolization by Guglielmi detachable coils--case report.An 81-year-old male presented with right oculomotor nerve paresis and left hemiparesis caused by a mass effect of a large superior cerebellar artery aneurysm. Endovascular treatment was performed using Guglielmi detachable coils. The patient subsequently suffered aggravation of the mass effect 3 weeks after the embolization. Bilateral vertebral artery occlusion was performed, which decreased the cerebral edema surrounding the aneurysm, but his neurological symptoms did not improve. Parent artery occlusion is recommended as the first choice of treatment for an unclippable large or giant aneurysm causing a mass effect on the brainstem.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.58333333333333keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/156. Post-traumatic basilar artery thrombosis in a young man with atrial septum aneurysm and prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism.prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism has been recently identified as a cause of venous thrombosis. However the association between this mutation and arterial thrombosis remains uncertain. Some authors have suggested that the polymorphism in the 3' region of the prothrombin gene may precipitate cerebral arterial thrombosis in young patients with prothrombotic conditions. We report a case of post-traumatic basilar artery thrombosis in a young patient carrier of the prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism. Thirty-six hours after sustaining a head injury in the occipital region, a young man developed vomiting, headache, dizziness and truncal ataxia, without signs of focal impairment. magnetic resonance imaging and selective angiography carried out 2 days later showed an obstruction of the basilar artery, with infarction of the right cerebellar region. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a patent foramen ovale with little left-to-right shunt and an aneurysm of the interatrial septum. Blood examination showed a heterozygous status for prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism. We conclude that this prothrombin gene mutation and the coexisting particular head injury and interatrial septal aneurysm could have contributed simultaneously to the development of basilar artery occlusion and cerebellar infarction. We suggest that in selected cases of cerebellar ischemia a prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism should be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = aneurysm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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