1/68. Latanoprost and herpes simplex keratitis.PURPOSE: To report three cases in which herpes simplex keratitis developed after initiation of latanoprost therapy. methods: Case report. RESULTS: One patient with a history of herpes simplex keratitis had recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis with latanoprost treatment, resolution when latanoprost was stopped, and another recurrence when rechallenged with latanoprost. A second patient with a history of herpes simplex keratitis had bilateral recurrence with initiation of latanoprost; antiviral therapy could not eradicate herpes simplex keratitis until the latanoprost was discontinued. The third patient with latanoprost-associated herpes simplex keratitis cleared with the discontinuation of latanoprost and start of antiviral therapy; reinstitution of latanoprost with prophylactic antiviral medication kept the cornea clear, but as soon as the antiviral suppression was discontinued, herpes simplex keratitis reappeared. CONCLUSION: Latanoprost, among its diverse pharmacologic effects, may mediate inflammation in the eye. prostaglandins may be a final common pathway for stimulating recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis. Clinicians should be aware of this possible association.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpes simplex keratitis, simplex keratitis, keratitis, herpes simplex, simplex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/68. herpes simplex virus in the trabeculum of an eye with corneal endotheliitis.PURPOSE: To report an eye with corneal endotheliitis and increased intraocular pressure in which the trabeculum demonstrated immunoreactivity for herpes simplex virus. METHOD: Case report. A 62-year-old man presented with increased intraocular pressure, keratic precipitates, and corneal stromal edema in his left eye. The tissue excised during trabeculectomy was immunohistochemically examined for herpetic viruses. RESULT: Immunoreactivity for herpes simplex virus was identified in the trabeculum. CONCLUSION: herpes simplex virus may cause trabeculitis and increased intraocular pressure in patients with corneal endotheliitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0017445041513451keywords = herpes simplex, simplex, ocular (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/68. Recurrent herpetic keratitis induced by laser iridectomy: case report.The mechanism for herpetic keratitis reactivation remains unclear. When observed clinically, the reactivation may be associated with a variety of endogenous and exogenous stimuli, such as strong sunlight, fever, menstruation, and psychiatric disturbances. In experimental studies, most methods of inducing recurrence have involved some degree of corneal trauma, inflammation, neuronal stimulation, or damage to the nerves that innervate the cornea. Although corneal damage after laser iridectomy (LI) is well documented, recurrent herpetic keratitis induced by LI has never been reported. Here we present an unusual case of recurrent herpetic keratitis induced by LI. The location of the bullous keratopathy was strongly correlated to the site of laser iridectomy. Clinical findings as well as the dramatic response to antiviral treatment supported the diagnosis. Although the energy for laser iridectomy is relatively safe for most circumstances, the possibility of inducing herpetic keratitis cannot be ignored. Therefore it is important for clinicians to beware of this potential complication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.038800712975632keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/68. acremonium keratitis in a patient with herpetic neurotrophic corneal disease.fungi belonging to the genus acremonium Link ex Fries 1821 are ubiquitous environmental contaminants and soil saprophytes, but are infrequent pathogens in humans. These filamentous fungi (previously known as Cephalosporium) are an uncommon cause of mycotic keratitis. As in the case of other filamentous fungi, corneal trauma with contaminated matter is the most frequent risk factor for the infection. We report in this paper a case of keratomycosis caused by Acremoniumpotronii, in a patient with a history of herpetic keratitis. Medical treatment with amphotericin b was unsuccessful and the infection eventually resolved with penetrating keratoplasty.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029100534731724keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/68. Congenital sensory neuropathy. Ophthalmological implications.The authors examined a patient presenting with congenital sensory neuropathy with selective loss of small myelinated nerve fibres. The appearance of (bilaterial) keratitis or corneal ulceration in early childhood is strongly suggestive of congenital corneal anaesthesia. Concomitant symptoms such as anisocoria, abnormal pupillary reaction, diminished tear production and disturbed sensibility to pain and temperature point to a generalized disease: one of the hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies. In order to establish a definite diagnosis, elaborate neurological examination, including ultrastructural study of a muscle-nerve biopsy, is required. Tarsorrhaphy, therapeutic flushfitting PMMA scleral lenses and hydrophilic HEMA contact lenses are advocated, in order to protect the cornea. The results with high-water-content hydrophilic contact lenses are promising, those of keratoplasty limited.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0048500891219541keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/68. acyclovir-resistant bilateral keratitis associated with mutations in the HSV-1 thymidine kinase gene.PURPOSE: To evaluate the contribution of molecular methods for the diagnosis of an acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 bilateral keratitis in an AIDS patient and to report a new point mutation in the nucleotide sequence of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene involved. methods: A 31 year old hiv-positive female presented with severe, active, bilateral and sight-threatening keratitis of 6 months duration, which was treated unsuccessfully with acyclovir. After corneal biopsy, samples were analysed by standard virological procedures, in situ hybridization, and PCR. The tk gene was cloned and subsequently sequenced. RESULTS: Conventional virological methods remained inconclusive. However, in situ hybridization and PCR rapidly confirmed the diagnosis of HSV-1 keratitis. The tk gene sequence revealed the presence of five variations previously described in two reference strains, but also a new point mutation at nucleotide position 431 which leads to an amino-acid change at position 144 that supported the hypothesis of a putatively altered functional form of the enzyme. Intravenous foscarnet treatment in an induction regimen was effective and cicatrization occurred within 3 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: PCR and in situ hybridization are effective and powerful techniques when other virological procedures are non-contributive, particularly in immunocompromised patients previously treated with antiviral drugs. The new point mutation identified in the tk gene may be associated with resistance to acyclovir.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.033950623853678keywords = keratitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/68. Presumed activation of herpetic keratouveitis after argon laser peripheral iridotomy.PURPOSE: To describe presumed activation of herpetic keratouveitis after argon laser peripheral iridotomy. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A 68-year-old man developed chronic, unilateral, anterior uveitis associated with decreased corneal sensation, focal keratitis, and increased intraocular pressure after argon laser peripheral iridotomy. Treatment with oral acyclovir and discontinuation of topical latanoprost resulted in prompt and continued control of both the intraocular inflammation and pressure. CONCLUSION: Herpetic keratouveitis may occur after argon laser iridotomy, and it should be considered when postoperative inflammation persists despite appropriate use of topical corticosteroids, particularly in patients with a history of herpetic eye disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0048501627633679keywords = keratitis, ocular (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/68. Epithelial changes in early primary herpes simplex virus keratitis. Photomicrographic observations in a case of human infection.PURPOSE: To report the morphology of early corneal epithelial changes in primary herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV 1), and to compare it to that of recurrent HSV 1 and adenovirus keratitis. methods: A 23-year-old man examined with the slit lamp and photographed by non-contact in vivo photomicrography. RESULTS: 3 days after onset the cornea showed myriads of clear epithelial vesicles, two rounded limbal epithelial foci, and scattered, faintly discernible incipient ones. On day 5 several partly confluent foci, and on day 6 typical HSV dendrites were present. HSV 1 was isolated. Serological tests confirmed primary disease. CONCLUSION: The early stage of primary HSV epithelial keratitis differed from recurrent disease by the presence of large numbers of clear vesicles. The photographs, however, captured similar early changes as in recurrent disease, and the subsequent development followed the same pattern. The main sign differentiating primary HSV from adenovirus infections was the early presence of epithelial foci with ulcerative features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.032278326628236keywords = keratitis, herpes simplex, simplex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/68. Primary graft failure caused by herpes simplex virus type 1.PURPOSE: To present a cluster of four patients with primary graft failure (PGF) who consecutively underwent a penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) during a period of 17 days in one institution. PKP was performed for reasons unrelated to herpes simplex infection. herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is presented as the possible cause of these PGFs. methods: Viral culture of conjunctival swabs and of a bandage contact lens was performed on VERO, MRC-5, and Hep-2 cells. The four patients underwent subsequent regrafting. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HSV-1 was carried out on aqueous humor and on a sample of iris and cornea with primers. aqueous humor specimens were pretreated by boiling, and a qiagen extraction was performed according to the instructions of the manufacturer on biopsies of iris and cornea. Immunohistopathology was performed with polyclonal antibodies directed against HSV-1 and -2. RESULTS: culture of a conjunctival swab in three patients and culture of a bandage contact lens in the fourth patient were positive for HSV-1. In three of the four patients, PCR was positive for HSV-1 on aqueous humor and corneal graft tissue. PCR on iris tissue was positive in all patients. In three patients, culture for HSV-1 of aqueous humor and of iris tissue could not be carried out because of insufficient sample. Viral culture of the iris tissue in one patient and of the corneal graft in the four patients were negative. Immunohistopathologic examination was positive for HSV-1 in three cases. CONCLUSION: These case reports strongly support the hypothesis that HSV-1 can be the cause of PGF.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0032724472826352keywords = herpes simplex, simplex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/68. herpes simplex virus 1 transmission through corneal transplantation.Genetic characterisation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) dna isolated from a donor cornea before and after corneal transplantation demonstrated the transmission of HSV-1 through transplantation. This study is the first to provide conclusive evidence for the transmission of HSV-1 by penetrating keratoplasty with subsequent reactivation of donor-derived HSV-1 in the transplanted cornea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0010141799237981keywords = herpes simplex, simplex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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