Cases reported "Kidney Calculi"

Filter by keywords:



Retrieving documents. Please wait...

1/890. magnesium deficiency in children with urolithiasis.

    In a group of 57 children with urolithiasis hypomagnesaemia was found in 15 cases (26.3%). All children but one with abnormally low serum magnesium levels had recurrent or bilateral nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis. prevalence of hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria, marked severity of the clinical features, abnormality of Ca metabolism and its responsiveness to MgO treatment were demonstrable in Mg deficiency. ( info)

2/890. A case of uric acid renal stone with hypouricemia caused by tubular reabsorptive defect of uric acid.

    A 60-year-old man had a uric acid stone in the kidney and laboratory findings of hypouricemia (1.1 mg. per 100 ml.) and increased uric acid clearance (43 ml. per minute per 1.73 m.2). Clearance of uric acid exceeded the endogenous creatinine clearance after administration of pyrazinamide, an inhibitor of renal tubular secretion of uric acid. It was suggested that our patient had a complete defective mechanism for uric acid reabsorption, resulting in hyperuricuria and the formation of the uric acid stone. ( info)

3/890. Use of hemiacidrin in management of infection stones.

    Unless all fragments are removed at the time of surgery for struvite stones a high incidence of recurrent infection and stone formation is likely. To reduce the recurrence rate of such stones the renal pelvis is irrigated postoperatively with 10 per cent hemiacidrin solution for at least 48 hours or until all fragments have been dissolved. We have managed successfully 35 patients (36 kidneys) without enxountering any complications. Included in our most recent series are 2 patients with solitary kidneys who had successful dissolution of stone fragments. Absolute contraindications to the use of hemiacidrin are infected urine, fever or flank discomfort. Although we have found hemiacidrin dissolution of renal stones to be safe and effective it is essential that the clinician be aware of the proper technique and its possible complications. ( info)

4/890. The ileal ureter in recurrent urolithiasis.

    An ileal segment was interposed between the renal collecting system and bladder in 4 cases. The surgical technique is outlined, with emphasis on the pyelo-infundibulocalico-ileal anastomosis and other technical aspects. The ileal ureter is recommended in selected cases of recurrent renal calculi and nephrocalcinosis with associated nephrolithiasis. ( info)

5/890. Percutaneous pyelolithotomy. A new extraction technique.

    Recurrent renal calculous disease is often troublesome to treat because of technical difficulties associated with reoperation. Attempts to dissolve the stones by irrigation with various solutions has not had much success. A new extraction technique has therefore been devised whereby the stones can be removed through a percutaneous nephrostomy umder radiological control. Three cases are described. ( info)

6/890. The surgical significance of the proteus stone.

    62 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent conservative surgery at the Liverpool Regional Urological Centre since 1962 have been reviewed. The evidence shows that stone disease due to proteus is more rapidly progressive than that due to other organisms. Recurrences of proteus stones continue to behave in the same manner. Complete kidney clearance at operation is an essential part of the management of these stones, if renal substance is to be preserved. ( info)

7/890. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the renal transplant patient: a case report and review of literature.

    Renal allograft lithiasis is a rare complication of renal transplantation, which in the past has required various invasive procedures for adequate stone fragmentation and dissolution. Noninvasive techniques such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) can now be extended to the renal transplant patient. Five cases have been previously reported in which ESWL was used effectively for dissolution of renal allograft calculi. We now report a 6th case in which a calculus, initially identified 2 weeks after renal transplantation, was effectively fragmented 3 years later using ESWL. Based on our experience and the reviewed composite experience in the literature, ESWL is a safe therapy for renal allograft calculi. ( info)

8/890. calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis: effect of renal crystal deposition on the cellular composition of the renal interstitium.

    Urinary calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals and crystal agglomerates are normally harmlessly excreted, but in nephrolithiasis they are retained by tubular epithelial cells and shifted into the renal interstitium. This crystalline material induces an inflammatory response consisting of an increase in the number of interstitial cells and an expansion of the extracellular matrix. The newly arrived cells either derive from the blood or the connective tissue or they are formed by local proliferation. Identification of the cells that surround the interstitial crystals is a first step in investigating the question of whether the interstitial cells could remove the crystalline material. Therefore, we performed an immunohistochemical study on the kidneys of rats made hyperoxaluric by ethylene glycol (EG) and ammonium chloride (AC). attention was paid to expression of the leukocyte common antigen (LCA), which identifies all types of leukocytes, the ED1 antigen, which is specific for monocytes and macrophages, and the major histocompatibility class II antigen (MHC II), which is present on dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and activated macrophages. The results obtained were compared with those seen in two human kidney specimens with acute and chronic oxalosis. In both rat and humans, macrophages and multinucleated giant cells are the major cells that encapsulate the interstitial crystals. This similarity in response underlines the relevance of the rat nephrolithiasis model. The rat experiments showed, furthermore, that the number of interstitial crystals and the amount of biochemically measured kidney-associated oxalate both decrease with time, if the nephrolithiatic agents EG and AC are omitted from the drinking water. Further studies must clarify whether macrophages and multinucleated giant cells are able to remove the interstitial crystals and how these cells are recruited at the inflammatory site. ( info)

9/890. Effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on tiered therapy implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

    The effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) were tested on four advanced generation implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in vitro and in vivo in two patients. During in vitro testing, advancement of nonsustained episode counters occurred in one device, and a set screw and power source cell loosened in another, which was connected to an external power source. No arrhythmias occurred during in vivo procedures, but programmed parameters were reset and elective replacement indicated after one procedure. ESWL can be performed safely in selected patients with ICDs, but testing should be performed afterwards to confirm satisfactory function and component continuity. ( info)

10/890. Surgical challenge of massive bilateral staghorn renal calculi in a spinal cord injury patient.

    We report a rare case of massive bilateral staghorn calculi in a spinal cord injury patient with significant renal compromise. The patient was successfully treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy to achieve a stone-free status. The various options of treatment are discussed with special attention to the technical aspects necessary to achieve complete eradication of the stone burden during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Furthermore, the importance of treating bladder dysfunction and urinary metabolic abnormalities is emphasized. ( info)
| Next ->


Leave a message about 'Kidney Calculi'


We do not evaluate or guarantee the accuracy of any content in this site. Click here for the full disclaimer.