1/39. Isolated galactorrhea with normal serum prolactin levels: clinical implications.Detailed endocrine-metabolic studies were performed on five women who were otherwise well but who had had inappropriate breast secretions for variable periods of time (three months to 16 years). Our results suggest that the presence of a lactose-containing breast secretion, which strictly defines galactorrhea, does not necessarily indicate a recognizable abnormality if normal hypothalamic-pituitary function is present. In these regularly menstruating women with isolated galactorrhea, we suggest a minimum initial evaluation, but careful long-term follow-up studies to identify those cases which may progress to the other recognized, more serious amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndromes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/39. pregnancy following bromocryptine therapy for the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome due to a pituitary tumour.A woman developed amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea after partial removal of a pituitary tumor during pregnancy. Hyperprolactinaemia was supressed by therapy with bromocryptine (CB 154, Sandoz) resulting in cessation of galactorrhoea in two months, spontaneous menstruation after eight months, and pregnancy after twelve months.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/39. Puerperal alactogenesis with normal prolactin dynamics: is prolactin resistance the cause?OBJECTIVE: To determine the cause of puerperal alactogenesis in a young woman. DESIGN: After proper clinical assessment, a definitive investigative protocol was followed to determine the cause of alactogenesis. SETTING: Tertiary care medical center in Kashmir, india. PATIENT(S): A young married woman with three full-term deliveries, all characterized by puerperal alactogenesis. INTERVENTION(S): An investigative protocol to document prolactin reserve and mammography to demonstrate presence of normal breast tissue. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Prolactin secretory reserve. RESULT(S): The patient had normal breast development and an adequate pituitary prolactin reserve. CONCLUSION(S): Prolactin resistance may have caused alactogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/39. Primary empty sella, galactorrhea, hyperprolactinemia and renal tubular acidosis.Discussed here is a 41 year old woman with galactorrhea associated with the empty sella syndrome and mild renal tubular acidosis. Basal serum prolactin (PRL) levels were normal, but a 24 hour serum PRL secretory profile demonstrated an increased mean PRL concentration. serum PRL was appropriately suppressed by the administration of L-dopa; however, chlorpromazine stimulation resulted in a blunted serum PRL response. Pituitary luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, ACTH and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were normal. Thus, galactorrhea associated with an enlarged sella does not establish the diagnosis of a pituitary tumor, and pneumoencephalography must be performed to exclude the empty sella syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/39. Effects of CB-154 (2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine) on prolactin and growth hormone release in an acromegalic patient with galactorrhea.An acromegalic patient with galactorrhea was treated with an ergot alkaloid, 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154). serum prolactin decreased rapidly to normal level by CB-154 and the complete cessation of galactorrhea was noted. The inhibitory effect of CB-154 On growth hormone (GH) release was also noted, but slight. The mechanism of inhibitory action of CB-154 on both prolactin and GH secretion was discussed in connection with the experimental model of pituitary tumors, in which both hormones were produced by a single type of tumor cells. The discontinuation of CB-154 treatment was associated with the return of both prolactin and GH levels to the initial high values with resumption of galactorrhea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/39. diabetes insipidus and galactorrhea caused by histiocytosis X.A 44-year-old woman with diabetes insipidus of 3 years duration was found to have histiocytosis X. This was based on clinical, radiological and pathological findings consistent with the diagnosis. Furthermore, she developed spontaneous galactorrhea during the course. Endocrine studies of hypothalamic-pituitary function revealed completely impaired secretion of gonadotropin, growth hormone and anti-diuretic hormone, and possible partial impairment of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion, while thyroid stimulating hormone secretion remained intact. Persistently elevated plasma levels of human prolactin were also demonstrated, which were unaffected by administration of either thyrotropin releasing hormone, l-DOPA or water loading, but suppressed significantly by CB-154, an ergot alkaloid. These results suggest that abnormalities of the patient's endocrine function may be mainly accounted for by a single hypothalamic lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/39. breast cancer in the Forbes-Albright syndrome.A 33 year old woman with persistent galactorrhoea developed breast cancer six years after pituitary radiation for a pituitary adenoma (Forbes-Albright syndrome). The possible role of prolactin in human mammary cacinoma is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/39. Hyperprolactinaemia, amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea due to a pituitary thyrotroph adenoma.A case of hyperprolactinaemia/amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome is described. A prolactinoma was diagnosed, but histology of the excised tumour revealed it to be a thyrotoph adenoma. alpha-subunit and beta-TSH levels were lowered after the operation. The significance of this tumour is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/39. acromegaly as the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome.The presence of amenorrhea with galactorrhea, elevated prolactin levels, and a pituitary tumor does not always imply the diagnosis of a prolactinoma. Other pituitary disorders, including acromegaly, should be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/39. Massive prolactinoma with galactorrhoea in a prepubertal boy.An 8 year old prepubertal boy presented with raised intracranial pressure, left proptosis and was noted to have galactorrhoea. Cranial computerized tomography revealed a large pituitary tumour infiltrating the cavernous sinus and left orbit. The serum prolactin was 180,600 mU/l (normal value less than 360 mU/l). Prolactinomas are rare in children and galactorrhoea has not previously been reported in a prepubertal child. The management of massive prolactinomas is difficult, but the child presented has made an impressive response to a combination of treatment with surgery, dopamine agonist therapy and radiotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pituitary (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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