1/8. Lipoid proteinosis of the larynx.Lipoid proteinosis is a rare disease that presents with hyaline deposits in many tissues. It involves predominantly the skin and upper aerodigestive tract, presenting with small yellowish papules and hoarseness. It may involve the central nervous system and cause intracerebral calcifications. Laryngeal lesions may resemble singer's nodule or chronic laryngitis. The pathogenesis of the disease is not clear although several studies suggest a defective collagen production and/or lysosomal storage disease. In this article two cases with skin and larynx involvement are reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Cryptococcal infection of the larynx simulating laryngeal carcinoma.cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause primary pulmonary infections or disseminate and cause infections of the central nervous system, meninges, skin, and bone in the immunocompromised host. We present here an unusual case of an immunocompetent patient who had laryngitis due to C. neoformans that mimicked a laryngeal carcinoma on clinical examination and imaging studies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. cryptococcosis of the larynx in a patient with AIDS: an unusual cause of fungal laryngitis.We have presented a case of unsuspected cryptococcal laryngitis, clinically masquerading as Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient with AIDS. The spectrum of laryngeal disease in AIDS patients includes a variety of infections and neoplasms, which can be treated satisfactorily when accurate and timely diagnosis is made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. vocal cord dysfunction concurrent with a nutcracker esophagus and the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease.BACKGROUND: Psychological disorders were originally thought to be the sole cause of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). Subsequently, other organic diseases, including structural laryngeal abnormalities, have also been reported to be associated with VCD. OBJECTIVES: To describe the first patient with VCD concurrent with a nutcracker esophagus and to establish the association between VCD and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by using the Bernstein test. methods: Symptom assessments, neuropsychiatric evaluations, fiberoptic laryngoscopy, pulmonary function tests, allergic skin prick tests, radiographs of the chest and sinuses, esophageal manometry (including 24-hour ambulatory esophageal ph monitoring), and the Bernstein test were performed. RESULTS: A 36-year-old woman had dyspnea, hoarseness, chest pain, and wheezes without relief for a decade. Neuropsychiatric evaluations disclosed mild depression. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy showed posterior laryngitis and paradoxical vocal cord adduction with audible inspiratory stridor. Pulmonary function tests showed attenuation of the inspiratory limb with notching in both flow-volume loops and a mid-vital capacity expiratory to inspiratory flow ratio of 4. All the symptoms except chest pain were improved dramatically by speech therapy and empirical treatment for GERD. Esophageal manometry revealed a nutcracker esophagus; 24-hour ambulatory esophageal ph monitoring demonstrated multiple short reflux episodes. The Bernstein test was conducted, and all the manifestations were reproduced with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid but not with isotonic sodium chloride infusion. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first human case report confirming that GERD can trigger an acute attack of VCD and may induce chest pain as a nutcracker esophagus in patients with VCD. It strengthens this association and expands our knowledge of diverse manifestations of this clinical entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. The otolaryngologic manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): a clinical investigation of 225 patients using ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring and an experimental investigation of the role of acid and pepsin in the development of laryngeal injury.Occult (silent) gastroesophageal reflux disease (GER, GERD) is believed to be an important etiologic factor in the development of many inflammatory and neoplastic disorders of the upper aerodigestive tract. In order ot test this hypothesis, a human study and an animal study were performed. The human study consisted primarily of applying a new diagnostic technique (double-probe pH monitoring) to a population of otolaryngology patients with GERD to determine the incidence of overt and occult GERD. The animal study consisted of experiments to evaluate the potential damaging effects of intermittent GER on the larynx. Two hundred twenty-five consecutive patients with otolaryngologic disorders having suspected GERD evaluated from 1985 through 1988 are reported. Ambulatory 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring was performed in 197; of those, 81% underwent double-probe pH monitoring, with the second pH probe being placed in the hypopharynx at the laryngeal inlet. Seventy percent of the patients also underwent barium esophagography with videofluoroscopy. The patient population was divided into seven diagnostic subgroups: carcinoma of the larynx (n = 31), laryngeal and tracheal stenosis (n = 33), reflux laryngitis (n = 61), globus pharyngeus (n = 27), dysphagia (n = 25), chronic cough (n = 30), and a group with miscellaneous disorders (n = 18). The most common symptoms were hoarseness (71%), cough (51%), globus (47%), and throat clearing (42%). Only 43% of the patients had gastrointestinal symptoms (heartburn or acid regurgitation). Thus, by traditional symptomatology, GER was occult or silent in the majority of the study population. Twenty-eight patients (12%) refused or could not tolerate pH monitoring. Of the patients undergoing diagnostic pH monitoring, 62% had abnormal esophageal pH studies, and 30% demonstrated reflux into the pharynx. The results of diagnostic pH monitoring for each of the subgroups were as follows (percentage with abnormal studies): carcinoma (71%), stenosis (78%), reflux laryngitis (60%), globus (58%), dysphagia (45%), chronic cough (52%), and miscellaneous (13%). The highest yield of abnormal pharyngeal reflux was in the carcinoma group and the stenosis group (58% and 56%, respectively). By comparison, the diagnostic barium esophagogram with videofluoroscopy was frequently negative. The results were as follows: esophagitis (18%), reflux (9%), esophageal dysmotility (12%), and stricture (3%). All of the study patients were treated with antireflux therapy. Follow-up was available on 68% of the patients and the mean follow-up period was 11.6 /- 12.7 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Case report: candida infection presenting as laryngitis.Three patients with acute leukemia are described who developed hoarseness as an initial presentation of candida infection. Two of these patients subsequently developed systemic candidiasis. patients with acute leukemia who develop hoarseness should be investigated for laryngeal candidiasis and considered for systemic antifungal therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Observations on the pathogenesis of chronic non-specific pharyngitis and laryngitis.Repeated analysis of cinephotographic and cinefluorographic studies, correlated with clinical observations, have provided insight into the physiopathology of many cases of chronic non-specific pharyngitis, laryngitis, contact ulcers, granulomas, and pachylaryngitis. Hiatal hernia and gastro-esophageal-pharyngeal reflux appear to be the cause of local irritation. Chronic coughing and habitual harsh throat clearing initiate the contact ulcers and granuloma formation. the successful treatment of this entire family of lesions is dependent upon elimination of vocal abuse and control of the factors that are responsible for the chronic irritations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Manifestations and treatment of laryngeal sarcoidosis.sarcoidosis involving the larynx presents with hoarseness, cough, dysphagia, and dyspnea secondary to upper airway obstruction. it may occur in patients with previously diagnosed sarcoidosis, or it may be the first or the only manifestation of the disease. laryngoscopy reveals mucosal alterations including erythema and edema, punctate nodules, and mass lesions. The epiglottis is the most frequently affected area, but any portion of the larynx may be involved. The diagnosis is established by demonstrating granulomatous inflammation on laryngeal biopsy and excluding other causes of granulomatous laryngitis. Systemic corticosteroid therapy is the treatment of choice in most cases, but local steroid injection or surgical excision of affected areas may be useful in selected patients. Symptomatic laryngeal sarcoidosis can be managed successfully, but if it is left untreated, life-threatening upper airway obstruction may occur.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = laryngitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |