1/37. Spontaneous healing of an atrophic pseudoarthrosis during femoral lengthening. A case report with six-year follow-up.A seven-year old girl developed an atrophic pseudoarthrosis at the midshaft of the femur with 8.5 cm of femoral shortening after an open type II fracture. During a femoral lengthening procedure, the pseudoarthrosis filled with spontaneous callus formation and bone union was obtained.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/37. Congenital bilateral short femur complicated by stress fracture. A case report.Congenital malformation of the femur is an uncommon but complex problem. Short femur with proximal deficiency (Kalamchi type III) is part of this congenital anomaly. If the precautions associated with progressive coxa vara and bowing in the femoral shaft are not taken, stress fractures may occur in the femoral neck and the femoral shaft. We report on a 38-year-old female with type III-A congenital malformation of both femurs who presented the complications mentioned and had not been treated before. This case is instructive because it illustrates the complications developed in patients who have not been treated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/37. Anterolateral tibial bowing and duplication of the hallux: a rare but distinct entity with good prognosis.Congenital anterolateral bowing of the lower leg usually is a symptom of (impending) fracture because of congenital pseudarthrosis. This article reports a case of anterolateral bowing of the lower leg that is characterized by spontaneous correction and combination with duplication of the hallux. A review of the literature showed 10 comparable cases. This article is the first report on the magnetic imaging of this entity and describes its differentiation from congenital pseudarthrosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/37. Treatment of rigid hypertrophic posttraumatic pseudarthrosis of the tibia in children using distraction osteogenesis.Posttraumatic tibial pseudarthrosis is a relatively uncommon complication of tibia fractures in children. Although reported as a successful method of treating tibial nonunions in adults, distraction osteogenesis through a nonunion site via ring external fixation has not been described in children. The authors report three consecutive cases of distraction through an angulated, shortened, hypertrophic, posttraumatic nonunion to achieve successful union and concurrent correction of deformity. Distraction was carried out using a ring fixator with computer-guided correction. Union was achieved in each of the three patients with complete correction of deformity and length. Lengthening of 8 to 31 mm was achieved. The length of time in the external fixator ranged from 7 to 27 weeks. Pin tract infections developed in all patients; they were treated successfully using oral antibiotics. No deep infections or other significant complications developed. Each patient was followed up for at least 1 year.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/37. coxa vara with proximal femoral growth arrest in patients who had neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.This is a retrospective review of four patients in whom a pattern of coxa vara with proximal femoral growth arrest and metaphyseal irregularities developed. These patients were all treated with neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and presented with a progressive gait disturbance and pain, leg-length discrepancy, and limited abduction. Imaging revealed coxa vara with proximal femoral growth arrest. Two patients (three hips) underwent proximal femoral valgus osteotomy, one patient underwent fixation of a femoral neck fracture with subsequent greater trochanter transfer, and one patient is being observed. This case series suggests an association between neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and this unusual pattern of coxa vara with proximal femoral growth arrest.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/37. An unusual form of congenital anterolateral tibial angulation-the delta tibia.We report three infants with a poorly known form of congenital anterolateral angulation of the tibia with distinctive features seen on lateral roentgenograms. In these films the affected tibia appears to be divided into two segments, one proximal and the other distal, which taper as they approach each other at the site of the angulation, and end separately at the apex of the curve with an intervening radiolucent gap in the anterior tibial cortex. The two tibial segments are originally bridged and held firmly in that position by a well-defined triangular osseous structure located in the concavity of the tibial bow. It appears from the three cases reported in this paper and a few comparable cases in the literature that this form of tibial bowing is not prone to fracture followed by pseudoarthrosis and that it tends to improve (and resolve) spontaneously, with a resorption of the intramedullary bony structures at the apex of the curve resulting in the formation of a normal medullary cavity. A limb length discrepancy of varying degree is the main residual change of the anomaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/37. Atrophic femoral nonunion with bone loss: treatment with monorail transport: a case report.Nonunions are an uncommon outcome of femoral fractures. Atrophic nonunions with a leg length discrepancy secondary to bone loss are often the most difficult to treat, and the treatment options are limited. We present a case that uses concomitant monolateral external fixation and intramedullary nailing to heal a nonunion and perform a simultaneous 7-cm lengthening procedure in a 33-year-old female.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/37. Extreme bone lengthening using distraction osteogenesis after trauma: a case report.We are reporting herein the result of a 22 cm tibial lengthening after using an acute shortening technique with acute temporary angulation for salvage of a posttraumatic lower limb injury. The patient was referred to our center 2 weeks after a Gustilo IIIB open complex injury to the lower limb that included bone and soft-tissue loss. After surgical debridement, the tibial gap was 22 cm and the soft-tissue defect on the anterior aspect of the calf measured 12 x 20 cm. An acute shortening using a 50 degrees angulation (apex posteriorly) of the tibia in an Ilizarov frame was done after a full assessment of all reconstructive surgical options. After complete wound healing, a progressive correction of the angulation was done. Bilevel tibial distraction at a rate of 1.75 mm/day restored the original lower limb length. The 22 cm tibial elongation included 17 cm proximal lengthening and 5 cm distal lengthening. The fractures consolidated after 371 days, all wounds had closed, and no signs of osteomyelitis were present. Good aesthetic and functional results were obtained. The patient had no leg discrepancy compared to his normal limb and he returned to his previous occupation as a garage mechanic and to his favorite sport, boxing. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the English literature of tibial lengthening of this magnitude following acute trauma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/37. Successful management of complications from distraction osteogenesis after osteosarcoma resection: a case report.We report a complicated case of osteosarcoma of the proximal tibia. A 15-year-old boy was referred to us and underwent distraction osteogenesis reconstruction. We administered preoperative chemotherapy for five cycles. Clinical response was determined to be complete by radiography. Marginal excision was then performed with preservation of the proximal tibial epiphysis. Metaphyseal reconstruction (type 2) was performed with distraction osteogenesis. Postoperative chemotherapy also was administered for five cycles. Two years later, the patient developed a deep infection. He underwent curettage and a pedicle peroneal flap transfer, which did not cure the infection. Infected tissues were excised, and shortening-distraction was carried out with the Ilizarov frame. The infection was cured; however, a leg length discrepancy and deformity resulted from frame instability. Four years after the initial operation, the patient fractured his reconstructed leg in a traffic accident. We performed osteosynthesis, deformity correction, and lengthening with the Ilizarov method. We were able to correct the defects using distraction osteogenesis, eventually restoring normal function. Epiphyseal preservation and reconstruction by distraction osteogenesis can provide an excellent outcome, resulting in a stable reconstruction that functionally restores the native limb. Distraction osteogenesis avoids some complications but may involve others, which require detection and appropriate management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/37. Compartment pressures, limb length changes and the ideal spherical shape: a case report and in vitro study.BACKGROUND: Changes in compartment pressures have been noted during traction, reduction, and intramedullary fixation of fractures. Changes in limb length and compartment volumes are suspected contributing factors. pressure and volume changes are known to be related in animal models. If an acute increase in limb length can adversely affect compartment pressures, reversal or delay of such an increase in length may be of value in the treatment and prevention of compartment syndromes. methods: A clinical example is presented in which a documented anterior compartment syndrome was successfully treated by deliberate loss of fracture reduction, without fasciotomy. Fracture reduction was later restored when swelling subsided. Anterior compartment pressures were recorded in response to limb length changes in osteotomized cadaver limbs stabilized with external fixation. RESULTS: The pressure in the anterior compartment varies directly with acute changes in the length of the leg, in an experimental model. Mathematical analysis indicates that available volume within a compartment varies inversely with acute changes in its length. CONCLUSIONS: Fracture reduction that restores the length of an acutely injured extremity may increase pressure in the compartments by decreasing available volume. Deliberate loss of reduction can decrease pressure in the compartments, offering a potential alternative to fasciotomy in the care of compartment syndrome in cautiously selected, monitored patients. Early stabilization without reduction, followed by delayed reduction, may be preferable during treatment of fractures prone to compartment syndrome. Decreased available compartment volume may contribute to compartment syndrome after distraction with intramedullary rods or skeletal traction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |