1/59. Pleural perforation of an aspergilloma cavity occurring in a patient with interstitial lung disease.An aspergilloma is a fungus ball resulting from colonization of pre-existing pulmonary cavities, which usually represents a non-invasive form of aspergillosis. Spontaneous rupture of the cavity containing the fungi into the pleural space is an unusual complication that has been reported occasionally in patients with leukemia and invasive aspergillosis. We report on this unusual complication occurring in a patient with underlying interstitial lung disease, in whom the aspergilloma cavity abruptly ruptured into the pleural space with subsequent hydropneumothorax and pleural spillage of the fungi.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/59. invasive pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosed early by polymerase chain reaction assay.We compared the usefulness of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with the serodiagnosis of sufficient concentrations of galactomannan using the same serum samples. A patient was treated with prednisolone for the management of hepatitis. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed the nodular shadow with a cavity containing a clear fungus ball. dna of aspergillus spp. from a serum sample was detected and using the same serum sample, both latex agglutination and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of galactomannan were negative. PCR assay provides an early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis compared with ELISA of galactomannan.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/59. Cavitary lung cancer with an aspergilloma-like shadow.A 66-year-old man who complained of cough and haemoptysis had a cavitary lesion with the meniscus sign in the right lower lung field on his chest X-ray and CT scan. He had smoked 40 cigarettes daily, for about 46 years. Initially, he was diagnosed with aspergilloma and given an antifungal agent. After 2 months, the cavitary lesion showed a slight irregularity of the inner border. The walls were irregularly thickened and were surrounded by infiltrative densities compared with the previous chest radiograph. Enlargement of right hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes was also observed. The fungus ball-like shadow was fixed on the anterior wall of the cavity and its position was not altered with the patient's movements. These radiographic findings led to suspicion that the lesion might be malignant. Transbronchial lung biopsy of the cavity wall and CT guided needle aspiration biopsy of the fungus ball-like lesion were performed. Microscopic examination revealed a squamous-cell carcinoma in both the cavity wall and the fungus ball-like lesion. There was no evidence of fungal elements. In conclusion, the meniscus sign is most often associated with benign diseases such as aspergilloma, however, one should remember that carcinoma may be a cause.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/59. Intracavitary administration of amphotericin b in the treatment of cerebral aspergillosis in a non immune-compromised patient: case report and review of the literature.A 24-year-old man presented with cerebral aspergillus fungal granuloma involving the left frontal region secondary to pulmonary aspergillosis. He was otherwise healthy with no evidence of immune-suppression. Because of poor penetration of amphotericin b into the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), this patient was treated by a combination of systemic and local therapy in addition to surgical excision resulting in a cure with follow up for more than three years. This form of treatment produced no untoward long-term side effects or neurological sequel. On review of the literature on aspergillosis of the central nervous system (CNS), we found that six patients, including the present case, have been reported who survived longer than 1 year; their treatment included local administration of antifungal agent in the abscess cavity or into cerebral ventricles in order to control this devastating, treatment-resistant pathological fungal infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/59. Resected early lung cancer with pulmonary aspergilloma.Pulmonary aspergillosis and lung cancer rarely occur simultaneously. We report a 66-year-old man with a round shadow in the thin-wall cavity of the right upper lobe. Radiological findings and transbronchial biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma complicated by aspergilloma at the site. Right upper lobectomy suggested that early lung cancer arose from preexisting lung scars containing an aspergilloma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/59. Pulmonary mucoraceous fungal ball.A case of opportunistic pulmonary infection in the form of fungal ball produced by the family of mucoraceae in the class of phycomycetes having nonseptate hyphae (cellophane tubules) with haphazard branching in a post-tubercular immunocompetent patient is described. Clinical course was chronic with right upper lobe cavity invaded by fungi of mucor species, pathology was granuloma with blood vessel thrombosis, and a fungus ball. The host had no associated predisposing diseases. Segmental resectional surgery of the right upper lobe along with removal of fungus ball under the coverage of modified dose of amphotericin b was performed. literature scanning revealed rarity of mucormycosis in immunocompetent host.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/59. Pulmonary aspergilloma. A report of its occurrence in 2 patients with cyanotic heart disease.This is an account of our experience with 2 patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease who developed pulmonary aspergillomas. Neither patient had a demonstrable cavity in the lung before the appearance of the fungus ball. Both patients had pulmonary artery-to-superior vena cava shunts, but the aspergilloma was in the ipsilateral lung in one and the contralateral lung in the other. Repeated life-threatening hemoptyses made excision of the lung containing the cavity and fungus ball necessary in both patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/59. Successful treatment of invasive mould infection affecting lung and brain in an adult suffering from acute leukaemia.We describe in detail a 67-yr-old woman who was treated with a cytostatic combination chemotherapy for newly diagnosed common-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. At the end of induction therapy, the patient acquired invasive mould infection affecting lung and brain. The patient entered complete remission of her leukaemia. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin b was initiated along with surgical excision of the fungal brain abscess. Intrathecal instillation of amphotericin b deoxycholate was started using an Ommaya reservoir because of an anatomical connection between the postoperative cavity and the ventricle. Full dose cytostatic chemotherapy was continued with little delay. A computerised tomography scan of the chest performed 2 months later revealed no fungal abscesses. magnetic resonance imaging of the brain did not reveal any fungal manifestation. During maintenance therapy/week 69, the patient relapsed from leukaemia. High doses of intravenous liposomal amphotericin b were administered prophylactically. The patient's leukaemia proved refractory to reinduction chemotherapy and the patient died from pneumonia 8 wk later. Post mortem microbiological investigation and histopathological examination of lung and brain tissue did not reveal any macroscopical or microscopical fungal manifestations. This case underlines the feasibility and successful application of combined antileukaemic, antifungal and surgical therapy in a patient with acute leukaemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/59. A double fistula, broncho-cavitary-cutaneous communication caused by cancer invasion.Pulmonary infection with cavitation causes severe respiratory symptoms if the cavity has a communication with main bronchus, through which fluid flows out into trachea. In this report a young male with lung cancer invading an adjacent pre-existent fungus cavitary lesion is presented. Cancer invasion led to broncho-cavitary communication and caused massive intrabronchial aspiration. Subsequently, the cancer destroyed the thoracic wall, and a cavitary-cutaneous fistula developed which relieved symptoms as if treated with open drainage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/59. Pulmonary colonization by chrysosporium zonatum associated with allergic inflammation in an immunocompetent subject.We report a case of noninvasive pulmonary disease due to chrysosporium zonatum in an immunocompetent male. The fungus colonized an existing tuberculous cavity and was isolated from transbronchial lavage fluid and from a percutaneous aspiration specimen. The disease was accompanied by the unusual feature of an allergic reaction. The fungus ball was successfully treated by intracavitary administration of amphotericin b. C. zonatum is the anamorph of the heterothallic ascomycete Uncinocarpus orissi, and the identity of the case isolate was verified by formation of ascospores in mating tests with reference isolates.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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