1/139. Ocular adnexal granulocytic sarcoma as the first sign of acute myelogenous leukemia relapse.PURPOSE: To report a case of granulocytic sarcoma involving the eyelids and caruncles after bone marrow transplantation. methods: Case report. A 30-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia in remission developed multiple friable eyelid and caruncular lesions in addition to two cutaneous lesions on the chest wall and right axilla approximately 3 months after a successful autologous bone marrow transplant. RESULT: Pathologic examination was consistent with granulocytic sarcoma. CONCLUSION: This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous or eyelid masses in patients with a history of leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/139. association between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and sarcoidosis: clinical value of bronchoalveolar lavage.We report a case of sarcoidosis, occurred in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) shortly following the completion of initial chemotherapy, who relapsed shortly after a second course. Since bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) demonstrated a predominance of CD4 lymphocytes, it largely excluded spread of the malignant disorder to the lung, and strongly suggested that sarcoidosis was the cause of the pulmonary infiltrates. This diagnosis was confirmed by the finding of non-caseating granuloma on transbronchial lung biopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/139. Four cases of therapy-related leukemia.Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy have contributed to the successful treatment of various cancer patients. But the development of second malignancies is an inevitable complication of long-term cytotoxic treatment. The most serious and frequent of such complications is acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Therapy-related leukemia is generally fatal. Since the number of patients exposed to chemotherapy is increasing each year, the clinical significance of this entity cannot be underestimated. There have been many investigations of therapy-related leukemia, but in korea published reports are rare. We describe four such cases, involving one older female with lung cancer and three children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and malignant lymphoma. alkylating agents were used for chemotherapy, and in one case, topoisomerase II inhibitor. Irrespective of the causative agents, the latency periods were relatively short, and despite induction chemotherapy in two, all survived for only a few months. During the follow-up of patients treated for primary malignancies, the possibility of therapy-related leukemia should always be borne in mind.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/139. radiation-induced bronchial stenosis: a new cause of platypnea-orthodeoxia.Platypnea-orthodeoxia is encountered in a variety of cardiac, pulmonary, and hepatic disorders. We report its occurrence in a 59-year-old man who had had combined external-beam and high dose-rate iridium brachytherapy for a stage I non-small-cell carcinoma of the right upper lobe 2 years earlier. The post-radiation course was complicated by a severe radiation bronchitis; the onset of platypnea-orthodeoxia signalled the development of severe bronchial stenosis that was transiently relieved, initially by dilatation, and later by stent placement, though the patient ultimately died of a pulmonary hemorrhage. The dosage of brachytherapy given, the combined external-beam therapy, and the long survival after completion of radiation therapy were likely factors in the development of bronchial stenosis. We discuss the tomographic and bronchoscopic features of radiation-induced bronchial stenosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8194191145867keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/139. Spurious elevation of automated platelet counts in secondary acute monocytic leukemia associated with tumor lysis syndrome.The intent of this article is to describe the effect of tumor lysis on automated platelet counts in therapy-related, secondary acute monocytic leukemia. The first patient was a 69-year-old man with large cell carcinoma of the lung who developed acute monocytic leukemia 1(1/2) years after initiation of radiation and chemotherapy for his carcinoma. The second patient was a 72-year-old female with peripheral T-cell lymphoma who developed acute monocytic leukemia 1 year after initiation of chemotherapy for her lymphoma. Platelet counts were determined by the automated Coulter (STKS) counter. Both patients had clinical and laboratory evidences of tumor lysis syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The peripheral blood smears revealed numerous fragments of leukemic cells and apoptotic cells with pyknotic nuclei. The Coulter machine enumerated these cellular fragments as platelets, resulting in falsely elevated platelet counts. awareness of this laboratory artifact in secondary acute monocytic leukemia with tumor lysis syndrome is important so that potential life-threatening thrombocytopenia is not overlooked.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/139. Secondary chronic myelogenous leukemia after chemotherapy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for small cell lung cancer.A 40-year old patient with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was treated with combined modalities including high-dose chemotherapy with subsequent autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation plus adjuvant radiotherapy. He achieved complete remission with regards to the primary disease. After an interval of 28 months, he was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Analysis of graft samples at time of primary treatment for SCLC using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) did not show the bcr-abl transcript characteristic for CML. This case supports the observation that CML can develop as a treatment-related malignancy and gives insight in the length of the preclinical phase of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/139. hiv complicates the management of oncological emergencies: a case involving the superior vena cava syndrome.An association exists between human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and an increased incidence of lung cancer. superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is an oncological emergency seen in the presence of chest tumours. We report on an otherwise well hiv-positive male who presented with SVCS due to lung cancer. He was commenced on dexamethasone and radiotherapy with curative intent. Treatment was complicated by accelerated steroid- and radiation-induced morbidity. The patient died of disseminated aspergillosis after receiving 27 of 35 planned radiotherapy fractions. The management of SVCS in those with hiv is challenging and requires the judicious use of steroids, antifungal prophylaxis and palliative radiotherapy doses.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8194191145867keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/139. Hypotetraploidy in a patient with small cell carcinoma.While numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities characterize many hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic malignancies, the occurrence of polyploidy is by and large rare. We report here an interesting patient with small cell carcinoma (SCC) and hypotetraploidy initially referred to us because of a question of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, M3 subtype, with a question of a 15;17 translocation characteristic of acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, the patient did not have a 15;17 translocation and the final hematopathologic analysis of the bone marrow aspirates and immunohistochemistry studies subsequently revealed the patient to have SCC. Small cell carcinoma is a highly malignant and a very aggressive neoplasm. A review of the literature, using medline, Cancerlit, and the science Citation Index, revealed that in most, if not all, reports, the presence of polyploidy is noted as a rare entity. In leukemia, reports of polyploidy point to a distinct category of patients with a poor risk for which more intensive treatment is needed. Limited information is currently available to assess the risk of polyploidy in small cell carcinoma. Our case is important not only because of the relative rarity of polyploidy, but also because insights gained from the study of this and other similar patients may help shed additional light on the mechanism of carcinogenesis, which is not fully known to date. As polyploidization is a manifestation of genetic instability and as genetic instability has been implicated in the genesis and progression of many cancers, it is perhaps not too surprising that polyploidy in our case was associated with a poor disease outcome. The patient has since expired.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/139. Pulmonary nocardiosis with cutaneous involvement mimicking a metastasizing lung carcinoma in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.We report a unique case of a man suffering from chronic myelogenous leukaemia who presented with clinical symptoms, X-ray, and bronchoscopical findings consistant with a bronchopulmonary space-occupying process which was suspected to be a central lung carcinoma as a secondary de novo malignancy. In addition, the patient developed several subcutaneous nodular livid red lesions on the left forearm which were considered to be cutaneous metastases of the presumptive lung malignancy. Treatment was started with percutaneous radiation of the mediastinum over a period of ten days with a total dose of 25 Gray. The patient died from circulatory and respiratory failure. Only post mortem pathological examination was indicative of a nocardiosis of the lungs with haematological spread to eosophagus, pleura, and subcutaneous skin of the left forearm. Unfortunately, diagnosis of nocardiosis could not finally proven by culture or molecular biological methods. A lung carcinoma or an infiltrate of residual or relapsing chronic myelogenous leukemia in the lung could be definitely ruled out.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/139. adenocarcinoma of the stomach with tumor-thrombotic microangiopathy in an 11-year-old male patient.The majority of malignancies in childhood are represented by leukemias, lymphomas or other reticuloendothelial neoplasms, tumors of the central nervous system, nephroblastomas and sarcomas. Gastrointestinal tumors represent less than 5% of pediatric neoplasms and carcinomas within this subgroup have been very rarely described, especially those arising in the stomach. In this study, we report a case of an 11-year-old boy with a signet-ring carcinoma of the stomach. The patient initially presented with respiratory symptoms which were caused by massive pulmonary lymphangiosis carcinomatosa and a peculiar microangiopathy, recently addressed as pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy. To our knowledge, this constellation has not been reported so far.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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