1/48. Establishing and characterizing a CD30-positive cell line harboring HHV-8 from a primary effusion lymphoma.Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL, or body-cavity-based lymphoma [BCBL]) is a new subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which tumor cells locate in the body cavity exclusively. PEL/BCBL is widely accepted as one of the neoplastic complications of AIDS, associated mostly with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8/Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [KSHV]) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We established and characterized a PEL cell line named TY-1 from a 47-year-old patient with AIDS. TY-1 exhibits indeterminate immunophenotype, expressing CD45 and CD30 cell surface antigens but not expressing B- or T-cell markers. cytogenetic analysis revealed the representative karyotype of 50,XYq-, 7, 8, 11, 15. Southern blot analysis demonstrated HHV-8 and EBV genomes in the original tumor cells obtained from the pericardial effusion, while HHV-8 but not EBV was detected in TY-1 using PCR or Southern blot analysis. Tetradecanylphorbol acetate treatment induced some TY-1 cells to proceed to the reproductive phase. This cell line may be an useful tool for research on PEL and HHV-8.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/48. Monomorphic agranular natural killer cell lymphoma/leukemia with no Epstein-Barr virus association.The conceptual view of natural killer (NK) cell malignancies has recently undergone a significant evolution. The majority of such diseases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), while only a limited number of EBV-negative cases has been reported. We report an unusual case of NK cell lymphoma/leukemia showing a monomorphic histology, absence of intracytoplasmic azurophilic granules, and no EBV association. The patient was a 57-year-old woman who died 26 months after the diagnosis. autopsy revealed tumor infiltration in the liver, spleen, lymph node, blood, and bone marrow. There was no involvement of the skin or nasal cavity throughout the clinical course. The tumor showed the monotonous proliferation of medium-sized cells without intracytoplasmic azurophilic granules. Phenotypic analysis showed CD2 , CD3/Leu4-, cytoplasmic CD3epsilon , CD4-, CD5-, CD7 , CD8-, CD16-, CD38 , CD56 , CD57-, TdT-, granzyme B-, and TIA1 phenotype. There were no detectable rearrangements of T cell receptor genes or immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Furthermore, there were no EBV-encoded small RNAs. These findings provide information to improve the understanding of poorly defined entities, i.e. aggressive NK cell lymphoma/leukemia and blastic NK cell lymphoma/leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/48. Human herpes virus-8 associated primary effusion lymphoma of the pleural cavity in hiv-negative elderly men.Human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8)-associated primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an unusual lymphoma confined to the body cavities, which primarily affects human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive men at high risk for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). We describe two hiv-negative elderly Italian men, who developed pleural HHV-8-positive PEL in association with other diseases (systemic hypertension, colonic carcinoma, chronic obstructive airways disease, dilated cardiomyopathy), but without KS. Thoracic computed tomography revealed unilateral pleural effusion and pleural thickening. Thoracentesis disclosed large lymphoma cells, with no T- or B-cell associated antigens, clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and the presence of HHV-8 but not Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid sequences. Our cases differ from most pleural effusion lymphomas, in that they are non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related. This highlights the possible human herpes virus-8-associated primary effusion lymphoma risk among elderly human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients, particularly Italians, in whom human herpes virus-8 seroprevalence rates and incidence of classic Kaposi's sarcoma are high.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/48. Involvement of the right atrium by malignant lymphoma as a cause of right cardiac failure: report of a case.We describe herein a rare case of malignant lymphoma occupying almost the entire space of the right atrial cavity and causing low cardiac output syndrome. A life-saving emergency operation was carried out after the establishment of a temporary bypass between the axillary and femoral veins to prevent exacerbation of the patient's condition during the induction of anesthesia. cardiopulmonary bypass was commenced and the right atrium was opened. A large tumor in the right atrium could not be completely removed due to invasion of the atrial wall. A bypass from the left innominate vein to the pulmonary arterial trunk was constructed with a prosthetic graft to convert the blood flow directly from the systemic vein to the pulmonary artery. Postoperative radiation treatment was given, which resulted in reducing the size of the tumor considerably, and the patient is doing well 1 year after his operation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/48. central nervous system complications in patients with diffuse histiocytic and undifferentiated lymphoma: leukemia revisited.Fifteen of 52 patients (29%) with diffuse histiocytic and undifferentiated pleomorphic lymphoma developed central nervous system (CNS) complications, primarily leptomeningeal lymphoma. Lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid cytology was the most useful test for diagnosis, and for following the response to therapy. Leptomeningitis developed during all stages of the patients' clinical course: at time of diagnosis, during progression of systemic disease, and most importantly as the initial site of relapse within 7 mo of attaining a complete clinical remission. patients with bone marrow involvement are at high risk for the development of leptomeningeal lymphoma. Pathologic findings suggest that entry into the leptomeninges involves extension from the medullary bone marrow cavity along perforating vessels through dura into the arachnoid space. The leptomeningeal lymphoma has been successfully controlled in all patients receiving intensive central nervous system therapy consisting of a combination of intrathecal drug administration and radiotherapy. The high frequency of this syndrome and the success in its control suggest that a controlled trial of prophylactic CNS therapy be instituted in patients with these histologic types of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/48. Myxoid liposarcoma of the oral cavity with involvement of the periodontal tissues.BACKGROUND, AIMS: liposarcoma is the 2nd most frequent soft tissue sarcoma in adults, but it is extremely rare in the head and neck and, particularly, in the oral cavity. We report on a 25-year-old female who presented with a periodontal mass, extended from the right upper 3rd molar to the right upper 2nd premolar, covered by intact oral mucosa. The clinical differential diagnosis included peripheral giant cell granuloma, salivary gland neoplasms, squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva, sarcoma and malignant lymphoma. methods: To accurately plan subsequent treatment, an excisional biopsy was performed and a myxoid liposarcoma was diagnosed. Consequently, the patient underwent wide excision of the neoplasm with maxillary en-block resection. RESULTS: The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient is alive and well 8 years after the original diagnosis. The authors stress the importance of considering soft tissue sarcomas in the diagnostic approach to patients with unusual periodontal neoplasms and to plan adequate surgical sampling of the lesion (i.e. excisional biopsy). CONCLUSIONS: This appears of pivotal importance as more limited specimens may result in inaccurate pre-operative diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10.639749020203keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/48. HHV8-negative primary effusion lymphoma of the peritoneal cavity presenting with a distinct immunohistochemical phenotype.Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) has been recognized as a body-cavity-based lymphoma that was originally reported to be associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) infection, and was frequently found in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (hiv) patients. Here we describe an autopsy case of PEL of the peritoneal cavity in an immunocompetent patient. Cytological analysis of tumor cells within ascites revealed immunocytochemical features of keratin positivity and CD45 negativity. At autopsy, the presence of a massive volume of ascites as well as diffuse tumor cell infiltrates within the serosa of the intestine and mesenterium were observed. Tumor cells were morphologically similar to anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, but were immunohistochemically positive for keratin and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). They also showed no reactivity to representative lymphocyte surface markers including CD45, in addition to being negative for CD30 and p80NPM/ALK. Molecular analysis of the tumor cells revealed monoclonality of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangement which demonstrated a lymphoma of the B-cell lineage. Furthermore, HHV8 was not detected by immunohistochemical analysis, PCR or nested PCR technique. Based on these results, we consider the present case to be an HHV8-negative PEL with keratin and EMA positivity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/48. AIDS-related body cavity-based lymphoma. A case report.BACKGROUND: Body cavity-based lymphomas are rare malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, but because of their unusual clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic features, they are recognized as a distinct subgroup of lymphomas connected to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection. CASE: A 39-year-old, hiv-positive, homosexual man was admitted to the hospital because of a left-sided pleural effusion that contained malignant lymphoid cells. He responded partially to a low-dose cyclophosphamide/doxorubycin/vincristine/prednisone regimen and died five months after the diagnosis of lymphoma. On cytology, the sediments contained exclusively large, round, neoplastic, lymphoid cells with abundant basophilic cytoplasm and large, round nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Many cells had immunoblastic features, and some had plasmocytoid differentiation. Mitotic figures were numerous. On flow cytometry, the homogeneous population of large cells expressed CD45, CD38, HLA-DR and CD7 positivity. Other specific T-, B- and NK-cell markers tested negative. polymerase chain reaction demonstrated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HHV-8 in the malignant effusion. CONCLUSION: Primary effusion from lymphoma with molecular evidence of HHV-8 and EBV coinfection represents a distinct clinical and morphologic entity in AIDS patients. However, immunophenotypic markers of malignant clones can be diverse in different cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/48. Accumulation of 67Ga citrate in early pregnancy.A 26-year-old pregnant woman complained of chest pain and dyspnea and was diagnosed with malignant lymphoma of the mediastinum. To determine the stage of malignant lymphoma, tumor scintigraphy with 67Ga citrate was performed. 67Ga scintigraphy revealed an abnormal accumulation in the center of the pelvic cavity. An artificial abortion was performed, and the early pregnancy obtained from the abortion showed a prominent uptake of 67Ga citrate ex vivo. 67Ga citrate re-examination, which was performed immediately after the abortion, showed no abnormal accumulation in the pelvic cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first medical report on an aborted tissue investigated ex vivo to determine whether it demonstrated increased uptake of 67Ga citrate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/48. Human herpes virus 8-negative primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube.A 60-year-old woman was referred to our hospital in 1996 due to an abdominal distension in the right lower quadrant. She had undergone a partial resection of a cholesteatoma at the right temporal lobe of the cerebrum 30 years previously, and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) tube had been placed with drainage into the right lower peritoneal cavity. The patient developed paralytic ileus in December 1966, and ultrasound and computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a cystic mass in the right lower quadrant without lymphadenopathies or masses. Cytologic examinations of the fluid in the cystic mass revealed signs of malignant lymphoma. After the resection of the cystic mass, lymphoma cells were detected in the fluid, but the wall of the cyst consisted of only fibrous tissues. Results of immunophenotypic analysis of the lymphoma cells by immunocytochemistry or flow cytometry were positive for CD19, CD20, CD22, CD45, and HLA-DR but negative for CD45RO, CD3, CD4, and CD8. The genome of human herpes virus (HHV)-8 was not detected in the lymphoma cells, but Epstein-Barr (EB) nuclear antigen 1 and EB virus (EBV)-encoded small nuclear RNAs were detected. Chromosome analysis by the G-banding method showed complicated abnormalities including der(8)t(2;8)(q31;q24), but Southern blotting analysis suggested that the c-myc oncogene did not participate in the lymphomagenesis. The patient's disease was diagnosed as HHV-8-negative primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). The long-standing inflammatory stimulation by a VPS tube might have contributed to the clonal evolution of EBV-infected lymphocytes. resulting in the development of PEL.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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