1/34. ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint as a complication of forceps delivery: report of a case.A two and half years old girl presented with severe limitation of mouth opening, facial asymmetry, inability to masticate, and proclination of the anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth. There was no history of facial trauma, infection or neonatal fevers. A diagnosis of bony ankylosis of the TMJ was made following a confirmation of delivery by means of obstetrics forceps during a difficult labour. The causes of TMJ ankylosis and the sequaele are highlighted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/34. The surgical uncovering and orthodontic positioning of unerupted maxillary canines.1. The presence of the maxillary canine is vital to the function and esthetics of the dental complex. The availability of this tooth must be carefully considered during an orthodontic diagnosis. Lack of space is the most common cause of canine impaction. Other contributing factors are that this tooth has the longest period of developmenent and that it is bigger longer, and travels farther while erupting than any other tooth. 2. Proper management of unerupted canines is a challenge to the dental practitioner. Maxillary canines are found impacted to both the buccal and the lingual. Palatal impactions are much more common than labial impactions, but, of the two, labial impactions are more difficult to manage. 3. An appropriate surgical procedure which opens to the crowns of unerupted teeth is a key to uneventful orthodontic positioning of these teeth. Packing the follicular space with baseplate gutta-percha and keeping the crown open to the oral cavity with surgical WondrPak is an effective method of making the tooth erupt into the oral cavity. 4. Modern preformed bands and improved cements make the placement of attachment on malposed teeth relatively easy. Direct bonding techniques are also of value in the management of unerupted teeth. 5. It is practical to move teeth orthodontically from seemingly impossible positions into ideal alignment. Such teeth will function normally, and no evidence will be left of their original position or of their having been moved over long distances.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.032520354683791keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/34. Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Report of a case.Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, often referred to as Pyle's disease, is a hereditary disease involving the expansion of the metaphyses of the long bones, giving the appearance of an Erlenmeyer flask. There is diffuse hyperostosis of the entire cranial vault, along with absence or decreased development of the paranasal sinuses. In the case presented here the mouth demonstrated an abnormality wide maxilla with a slight palatal vault. Genetically, this appeared to be a dmoninant form of dysplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/34. The management of drooling problems in children with neurological dysfunction: a review and case report.Drooling in children with neurological dysfunction indicates neurogenic failure to coordinate the muscles of the tongue, soft palate, and face which act in the first stage of swallowing. This causes excessive pooling of saliva in the anterior part of the mouth and consequent overspill. Treatment for drooling includes behavioral, pharmacological, and surgical modalities. Correcting a malocclusion has also been reported to help eliminate drooling. This paper describes the treatment of a child with neurofibromatosis, psychomotor, developmental, and neurologic retardation, and difficulty with speech. The patient was referred to our clinic to correct his drooling. Simple orthodontic treatment succeeded in eliminating the drooling and improving his speech.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/34. Multidisciplinary evaluation and clinical management of mesiodens.Supernumerary teeth are a disorder of odontogenesis relatively common in the oral cavity and characterized by an excess number of teeth. The term mesiodens is used to refer to an unerupted supernumerary tooth in the central region of the premaxilla between the two central incisors. The complications associated with mesiodens include: lack of eruption of permanent teeth, the deviation of the eruption path, rotations, retention, root re-absorption and pulp necrosis with loss of vitality, and diastema. Early detection of mesiodens is most important if such complications are to be avoided. This report describes the treatment of a maxillary central incisor impacted by a mesiodens. The case initially required only surgical treatment, to remove the supernumerary tooth. Successively, orthodontic therapy was done to bring into position the left permanent central incisor, which erupted physiologically, but rotated 90 degrees around along its long axis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.016260177341895keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/34. Report of a patient with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome and a review of the literature.OBJECTIVE: To present the morphology of the extremities, craniofacial structures, and the oral cavity based on roentgencephalometry and three-dimensional computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scanning in a patient with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome, discuss the orthodontic treatment method, and review the literature for the syndrome. PATIENT: The patient was a 6-year-old boy diagnosed with hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome at birth. He had hypodactylia as well as micrognathia with steep inclination of the anterior surface of the mandible in relation to the lower mandibular plane. He had missing mandibular incisors with concomitant bone defect limited to the associated alveolar ridge and an absence of any malformations in the mandibular ramus and condylar head. The patient had a bilateral scissors bite with an extremely constricted mandibular dental arch, skeletal Class II jaw relationship with an average mandibular plane angle and maxillary incisors inclined palatally. He had extremely reduced tongue size and hypertrophy of the floor of the mouth. Anomalies of the central nervous system were not observed. There was no evidence of hearing loss.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0162601773419keywords = mouth, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/34. Dental malocclusion and upper airway obstruction, an otolaryngologist's perspective.INTRODUCTION: This paper, through the presentation of eight case reports and a limited literature review, attempts to illustrate the negative effect that upper airway obstruction can have on developing dental occlusion and the positive effect that upper airway relief can have on the 'normalization' of various malocclusion patterns believed to be related to chronic obligate mouth breathing. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of airway relief (usually through tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy) on various patterns of dental malocclusion. methods: Children coming to the office of the lead author (D.J.W.) found to be obligate mouth breathers and who also had dental malocclusion had Polaroid 'bite' pictures taken at the time of their initial visit. One year or more after their surgery for upper airway relief (tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in these cases) a second 'bite' photograph was taken and compared to the first. RESULTS: In all cases selected in this study there was observed improvement in their dental occlusion within a year following surgery to improve their breathing. CONCLUSION: It is the opinion of the authors of this paper that upper airway obstruction may have a negative effect on the developing transitional dental occlusion and that eliminating the cause of upper airway obstruction can lead to 'normalization' of occlusion in such children. Further orthodontic corrective modalities may be required for optimal occlusal results.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/34. Craniofacial morphology in a patient with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome.OBJECTIVE: We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with a coarse face, cleft palate, and malocclusion with anterior open bite who had been diagnosed with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome. Morphology of the craniofacial structures was examined on the basis of conventional radiographs, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scanning. PATIENT: This patient had 13 ribs on the right side, slight scoliosis, supernumerary nipples, a coarse face, hypertelorism, a short broad upturned nose, a wide mouth, a straight facial profile with incompetence of the lips, midline groove of tongue, and cleft palate. The patient also had severe anterior open bite, a distal step-type molar relationship, five congenitally missing teeth, and a supernumerary tooth. Lateral cephalometric analysis revealed a large anterior cranial base, a large maxilla and mandible, a large inferior face height, and skeletal Class I jaw relationship with a high mandibular plane angle and large gonial angle. The 3D CT image showed a large cranium, a long face height, and prominent skull sutures. The MR image showed a large tongue, midline groove of the tongue, and a small space between tongue and palate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/34. Serial observation of asymmetry in the growing face.Three children suffering from facial asymmetry were observed annually using facial stereophotogrammetry before, during, and after their general skeletal adolescent growth spurt. Stereophotogrammetry allows accurate three-dimensional measurements between identifiable facial landmarks. Five pairs of bilateral parameters connecting external canthi and angles of the mouth to alae and tip of nose, and to each other, allowed a positive sign (right-side larger) or a negative (left-side larger) assessment of parameter asymmetry. Their total, taking sign into account, assessed mid-facial asymmetry. Serial observation showed that: (1) in patient no. 1 suffering from post-traumatic condylar hypoplasia, the facial asymmetry resolved; (2) in patient no. 2 suffering from unilateral facial hypoplasia, the asymmetry, which was severe, reduced with adolescence, but did not resolve; (3) in patient no. 3 suffering from fibro-osseous dysplasia of left maxilla, the asymmetry was reduced by surgery, but the full effects of the surgery were not measurable until over 1 year after operation; subsequently, the asymmetry began to increase again.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/34. Craniofacial morphology in an unusual case with nasal aplasia studied by roentgencephalometry and three-dimensional CT scanning.OBJECTIVE: To examine the three-dimensional morphology of internal structures of the craniofacial region and present the orthodontic problems in an unusual case with nasal aplasia. PATIENT: The patient was an 11.5-year-old boy with aplasia of the nose and nasal cavity with extremely constricted nasopharyngeal airway. He did not have mental or somatic retardation. The patient had dacryostenosis. The morphology of the craniofacial structures was characterized by absence of septal structures, including cribriform plate, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage; bony hypotelorism; midface hypoplasia; short and retrognathic maxilla with Class III jaw relationship; average mandibular plane angle; high arched palate; severe anterior open bite with bilateral posterior crossbites; and dental anomalies (agenesis of four maxillary permanent teeth, microdontia, taurodontism, and short roots). Thus, the patient had characteristic dentofacial phenotype, which might be caused by a combination of the primary anomaly and the functional disturbances secondary to the nasal obstruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.016260177341895keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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