1/5. Traumatic brain injury, depression and cannabis use--assessing their effects on a cognitive performance.Patient RB is presented as a demonstration of the need for a more thorough understanding of the interactions of patient variables. RB had a history of traumatic brain injury along with current mood disorder and cannabis use. It was unclear initially whether or not his cognitive impairment was a permanent result of the brain injury, or a temporary effect of his mood and/or drug use. The literature offers few guidelines or precedents for understanding such complex cases or suggesting at which level it may be most appropriate to intervene. The impact of cannabis use in this individual appeared to have a detrimental effect on his mood. Treating RB's mood disorder resulted in larger cognitive gains than would have been anticipated in the literature. Specific neuropsychological tests are identified as being particularly sensitive to the cognitive changes in mood disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mood disorder, mood (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. cannabis use and mood disorders: patterns of clinical presentations among adolescents in a developing country.Notwithstanding the increase use of cannabis among adolescents in both developing and developed countries, few studies have looked at cannabis use and mood disorders. In a series of case studies, this research project seeks to investigate patterns of clinical presentations seen among cannabis users in psychiatric outpatients in Trinidad. Five clinical patterns of presentations are identified among cannabis users and abusers based on variables of dosing, age of initial use, duration of use, tolerance and reverse tolerance and poly-drug abuse. All patients in these case studies were standardized for method of use and potency of cannabis used. Patients were screened by urine tests to determine co-morbid use of other substances. Other variables such as environmental factors and genetic vulnerability were reviewed as far as possible from historical accounts of family members. The five patterns described are low, controlled use with mild euphoria and heightened awareness, moderate use with mixed depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviour, heavy, short term use with manic symptoms, long term incremental use with psychotic symptoms due to the trumping of depressive symptoms and cannabis mixed with other substances resulting in florid psychosis. mood disorders appear to be a common finding among adolescents using cannabis. Sensitization to symptomatic presentation and early detection of cannabis use in young adolescents are necessary. Further research is needed on the effect of cannabinoids on emotions, behaviour and thinking and its relationship to mental disorders. This study is useful as a guideline for the implementation of public health strategies and legislation concerning the use of cannabis in youths.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6410261952129keywords = mood disorder, mood (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Withdrawal sequelae to cannabis use.A specific withdrawal syndrome resulting from the prolonged use of cannabis is presented. It is believed to be an underreported set of symptoms that are now emerging in the united states as a result of the increasing potency of the drug and greater numbers of long-term users. Two case studies are presented which illustrate the cannabis withdrawal syndrome in an otherwise healthy 25-year-old male and an exacerbation of a preexisting affective disorder in a 38-year-old male who prior to his resumption of cannabis use was asymptomatic for 3 years with antidepressant medications. The cannabis withdrawal sequela is presented with a discussion of differential diagnosis and implications for treatment and future research.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0049468206802045keywords = affective (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Detection of marijuana use in psychiatric patients by determination of urinary delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-11-oic acid.Seventy-six male inpatients with diagnoses of schizophrenia, primary affective disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, other personality disorder, and primary substance abuse disorder were screened for the use of marijuana by determination of urinary delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-11-oic acid. Screening was performed to detect marijuana use in asymptomatic patients returning to the ward after passes, and also to elucidate changes in mental state in newly admitted patients and patients who had decompensated during hospitalization. Ward personnel found the screening procedure quite useful and incorporated it into psychotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic interventions. Although susceptible and resistant individuals were found in all diagnostic categories studied, no consistent features were found to distinguish those individuals who exhibited behavioral change in association with marijuana smoking, from those who did not.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0049468206802045keywords = affective (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. cannabis psychoses in south sweden.Eleven patients with a psychosis in connection with cannabis abuse admitted to two mental hospitals during 1 year were examined. Patients with a pre-existent psychosis or a mixed abuse were excluded. The patients were divided into three groups: acute, subacute and chronic. The features of the disease were essentially similar in all patients, with a mixture of affective and schizophrenia-like symptoms, confusion and a pronounced aggressiveness. The course as a rule was self-limiting leaving no residual symptoms. There was almost no heredity of severe mental disease. The symptoms were very similar to those seen in cycloid psychosis, and a possible relationship between the two diseases is discussed. As regards the widespread abuse of cannabis we conclude that psychosis is a rare complication but that in unclear psychotic states it is recommended to actively search for a cannabis psychosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0049468206802045keywords = affective (Clic here for more details about this article) |