1/40. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Report of a case diagnosed with fine needle aspiration cytology.BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology. Although it is rare, it frequently presents in a manner similar to that of breast carcinoma. CASE: A 41-year-old female developed unilateral idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. The clinical presentation and mammographic findings were suspicious for carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed granulomatous inflammation. Histopathologic examination revealed a noncaseating, granulomatous lesion. Further clinical, radiologic and laboratory investigations disclosed no etiology. Therefore, we considered the case to be idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. CONCLUSION: Cytologically it may be difficult to distinguish IGM from carcinoma of the breast. Typical cytologic findings of the lesion are helpful to rule out cancer. In the differential diagnosis, all known causes of granulomatous changes have to be excluded before a diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/40. Cordylobia anthropophaga mastitis mimicking breast cancer: case report.A case of furuncular myiasis of the breast due to infestation by the larva of Cordylobia anthropophaga in a young lady is presented. Some of the physical presentations of Cordylobia anthropophaga mastitis are similar to those of carcinoma of the breast. High index of suspicion in endemic areas, including patients who had visited such areas, the characteristic intense itching of the affected breast, the use of the magnifying hand lens and subsequent extraction of the offending maggots are the invaluable aids to diagnosis and treatment. The ulcer left on the breast after extraction of the maggot should be biopsied and the associated ill defined mass and skin changes must be seen to resolve completely before carcinoma of the breast can be safely ruled out. The various methods of extraction and the preventive measures are highlighted. Though furuncular myiasis has been reported to involve every part of domestic animals, this is the first reported case in literature involving the human breast.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/40. F-18 FDG uptake in breast infection and inflammation.PURPOSE: Whole-body fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning has been useful in the management of breast cancer. However, F-18 FDG uptake sometimes has been associated with benign breast disease. Four cases are reported of F-18 FDG breast uptake caused by infectious or inflammatory mastitis that mimics malignant disease. methods AND RESULTS: Two women had F-18 FDG whole-body scans for the evaluation of a large breast mass after inconclusive results of ultrasonography. In both cases, intense focal F-18 FDG breast uptake was noted that mimicked breast cancer. Histologic examination showed, in one patient, chronic granulomatous infiltration that likely represented tuberculous mastitis, because she showed a good clinical response to empirical anti-tuberculous treatment. The second patient had lactational changes associated with acute inflammation, and the culture grew staphylococcus aureus. The breast mass completely disappeared 3 weeks after a course of antibiotic treatment. The other two patients had staging F-18 FDG PET scans 1 and 12 months after lumpectomy for breast carcinoma to detect residual, recurrent, or metastatic disease. Both scans showed a ring-like uptake in the involved breast, with superimposed intense focal uptake suggesting tumor necrosis centrally and malignant foci peripherally. In both cases, histologic examination revealed hemorrhagic inflammation secondary to postsurgical hematomas and no evidence of malignancy. CONCLUSION: Acute or chronic infectious mastitis and postsurgical hemorrhagic inflammatory mastitis should be considered in patients who have a breast mass, especially those with a history of tenderness or surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/40. granulomatous mastitis in pregnancy.BACKGROUND: granulomatous mastitis, a rare, benign breast condition characterized by granulomas and abscess formation, is mistaken frequently for inflammatory breast carcinoma. Although it has been reported in reproductive-age women, it is unusual in pregnancy. CASE: A 25-year-old black gravida 4 para 2 developed a tender, indurated 20 x 15 x 15 cm multilobulated breast mass at 17 weeks' gestation. After not responding to antibiotics and incisional drainage, the biopsy-proved granulomatous mastitis improved with corticosteroid treatment. A postpartum recurrence also responded to steroid therapy. CONCLUSION: granulomatous mastitis is diagnosed clinically and histologically. Early recognition and initiation of steroid treatment might prevent repetitive, deforming breast biopsies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/40. Unusual presentation of granulocytic sarcoma in the breast: a case report and review of the literature.This is a case of granulocytic sarcoma presenting as bilateral breast masses in a 40-yr-old woman with concurrent unsuspected chronic myeloid leukemia diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration. The granulocytic differentiation was recognized on Diff-Quik-stained cytology smears and confirmed rapidly on flow cytometry on the same day. The breast has been reported to be an uncommon site for granulocytic sarcoma. We found that 38.8% of granulocytic sarcomas diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration in the English-language literature occurred in the breast. In the absence of clinical history or hematological abnormality, granulocytic sarcoma may be misdiagnosed, depending on the degree of myeloid differentiation present within the tumor. The differential diagnosis includes large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lobular carcinoma of the breast, undifferentiated carcinoma, malignant melanoma, extramedullary hemopoiesis and inflammation. The key morphological features and useful ancillary tests are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/40. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast with associated sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis.The purpose of this article is to highlight an unusual form of breast carcinoma and discuss its differential diagnosis. A 50-year-old woman underwent wide local excision of a breast lump. Microscopic examination revealed features of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Individual tumor cells were present within an abundant lymphoid stroma. immunohistochemistry revealed the epithelial nature of the cells and excluded a diagnosis of lymphoma. In addition, surrounding nontumorous breast tissue displayed the histologic features of sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis or lymphocytic mastopathy. This is the second report of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast, but to the best of our knowledge, it is the first description of coexistent sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.3333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/40. Imprint cytology of non-specific granulomatous mastitis.Non-specific granulomatous mastitis (NSGM) is a tumor-like inflammatory condition involving breast lobules. Its recognition is of great significance because of clinical masquerade to invasive carcinoma. A 25-year-old woman developed a palpable breast lump with clinical and mammographic findings suggestive of malignancy. touch imprint cytology of the excised lump was consistent with a granulomatous inflammation while histopathological examination documented a NSGM with central necrosis. Clinical, radiologic and laboratory testing failed to identify any specific causative agent.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/40. Diagnostic difficulties in spontaneous infarction of a fibroadenoma in an adolescent: case report.Spontaneous infarction is an uncommon complication occurring in fibroadenoma of the breast. Although infarction following fine-needle aspiration has been reported in the literature, to the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case where infarction was encountered on first-time aspiration. It is necessary to distinguish infarcted fibroadenoma from mastitis, duct ectasia, mammary tuberculosis, and carcinoma on cytology smears. Lack of knowledge of this entity may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of inflammatory lesion or carcinoma. We report the first case of cytological and histological findings in spontaneous infarction of fibroadenoma in 13-yr-old female.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/40. A case of granulomatous mastitis mimicking breast carcinoma.A 58-year-old woman presenting with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis mimicking breast carcinoma is described. The mass was elastic, hard and painless, and located in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology did not provide any diagnostic information. mammography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) strongly suggested malignancy. Excisional biopsy was performed for definitive diagnosis, and idiopathic granulomatous mastitis was demonstrated histopathologically. Neither wound complication nor recurrence has been identified in the patient, although corticosteroids were not used post operatively. We reviewed the literature, and found that our present case is rare in older patients, and that mammography, ultrasonography and MRI provide little information for differentiating between granulomatous mastitis and carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/40. Case report: diabetic mastopathy.Diabetic mastopathy is a source of confusion with breast carcinoma. The association between mastopathy and Type I diabetes of long duration has been reported, but this clinical condition is poorly recognized since breast examination is not routinely performed in young diabetic patients. Radiologists' awareness of the constellation of findings in diabetic mastopathy may spare patients from undergoing unwarranted surgical biopsies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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