1/98. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Report of a case diagnosed with fine needle aspiration cytology.BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology. Although it is rare, it frequently presents in a manner similar to that of breast carcinoma. CASE: A 41-year-old female developed unilateral idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. The clinical presentation and mammographic findings were suspicious for carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed granulomatous inflammation. Histopathologic examination revealed a noncaseating, granulomatous lesion. Further clinical, radiologic and laboratory investigations disclosed no etiology. Therefore, we considered the case to be idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. CONCLUSION: Cytologically it may be difficult to distinguish IGM from carcinoma of the breast. Typical cytologic findings of the lesion are helpful to rule out cancer. In the differential diagnosis, all known causes of granulomatous changes have to be excluded before a diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/98. Cordylobia anthropophaga mastitis mimicking breast cancer: case report.A case of furuncular myiasis of the breast due to infestation by the larva of Cordylobia anthropophaga in a young lady is presented. Some of the physical presentations of Cordylobia anthropophaga mastitis are similar to those of carcinoma of the breast. High index of suspicion in endemic areas, including patients who had visited such areas, the characteristic intense itching of the affected breast, the use of the magnifying hand lens and subsequent extraction of the offending maggots are the invaluable aids to diagnosis and treatment. The ulcer left on the breast after extraction of the maggot should be biopsied and the associated ill defined mass and skin changes must be seen to resolve completely before carcinoma of the breast can be safely ruled out. The various methods of extraction and the preventive measures are highlighted. Though furuncular myiasis has been reported to involve every part of domestic animals, this is the first reported case in literature involving the human breast.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/98. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of mastitis secondary to empyema necessitatis. A report of two cases.BACKGROUND: empyema necessitatis is a relatively rare entity. Two instances of mastitis secondary to empyema necessitatis, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy are reported. CASES: One case was tuberculous in etiology and was initially recognized by cytologic findings of epithelioid and granulomatous cellular reactions and the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which were subsequently cultured and speciated as mycobacterium tuberculosis. The other case was due to coexisting actinomyces and actinobacillus. These organisms were cytologically suggested by "sulfur" granules of filamentous, gram-positive bacilli, admixed gram-negative coccobacilli and Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon in an exudative cell background and were confirmed by microbiologic culture as actinomyces israelii and Astinomyces actinomycetemcomitans, respectively. CONCLUSION: The usefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of empyema necessitatis, supported by ancillary microbial culture, histochemistry, and radiographic imaging, is well illustrated by these two cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/98. granulomatous mastitis as presenting sign of Wegener's granulomatosis.A case where a breast tumor was the initial manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis is presented. breast biopsy revealed granulomatous mastitis, and treatment with tuberculostatic drugs was started. Following an initial improvement the patient finally died. Postmortem, the diagnosis of generalised Wegener's granulomatosis was made. Although Wegener's granulomatosis is a very rare cause of granulomatous mastitis, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis. A brief outline of the literature is given.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/98. F-18 FDG uptake in breast infection and inflammation.PURPOSE: Whole-body fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning has been useful in the management of breast cancer. However, F-18 FDG uptake sometimes has been associated with benign breast disease. Four cases are reported of F-18 FDG breast uptake caused by infectious or inflammatory mastitis that mimics malignant disease. methods AND RESULTS: Two women had F-18 FDG whole-body scans for the evaluation of a large breast mass after inconclusive results of ultrasonography. In both cases, intense focal F-18 FDG breast uptake was noted that mimicked breast cancer. Histologic examination showed, in one patient, chronic granulomatous infiltration that likely represented tuberculous mastitis, because she showed a good clinical response to empirical anti-tuberculous treatment. The second patient had lactational changes associated with acute inflammation, and the culture grew staphylococcus aureus. The breast mass completely disappeared 3 weeks after a course of antibiotic treatment. The other two patients had staging F-18 FDG PET scans 1 and 12 months after lumpectomy for breast carcinoma to detect residual, recurrent, or metastatic disease. Both scans showed a ring-like uptake in the involved breast, with superimposed intense focal uptake suggesting tumor necrosis centrally and malignant foci peripherally. In both cases, histologic examination revealed hemorrhagic inflammation secondary to postsurgical hematomas and no evidence of malignancy. CONCLUSION: Acute or chronic infectious mastitis and postsurgical hemorrhagic inflammatory mastitis should be considered in patients who have a breast mass, especially those with a history of tenderness or surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/98. granulomatous mastitis.granulomatous mastitis is a benign mammary lesion, which clinically can closely simulate breast cancer. The condition has only recently been recognized, less than a dozen cases being recorded in the English literature. Two further cases are presented, the histological features are illustrated, and the literature is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/98. granulomatous mastitis in pregnancy.BACKGROUND: granulomatous mastitis, a rare, benign breast condition characterized by granulomas and abscess formation, is mistaken frequently for inflammatory breast carcinoma. Although it has been reported in reproductive-age women, it is unusual in pregnancy. CASE: A 25-year-old black gravida 4 para 2 developed a tender, indurated 20 x 15 x 15 cm multilobulated breast mass at 17 weeks' gestation. After not responding to antibiotics and incisional drainage, the biopsy-proved granulomatous mastitis improved with corticosteroid treatment. A postpartum recurrence also responded to steroid therapy. CONCLUSION: granulomatous mastitis is diagnosed clinically and histologically. Early recognition and initiation of steroid treatment might prevent repetitive, deforming breast biopsies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.875keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/98. Mastitis due to Mycobacterium abscessus after body piercing.We describe a patient with granulomatous mastitis due to Mycobacterium abscessus that presented as a mass lesion and was associated with a pierced nipple. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of mastitis due to M. abscessus and the first association of this organism with body piercing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/98. Subclinical mastitis presenting as acute, unexplained, excessive crying in an afebrile 31-day-old female.We present a case of a 31-day-old female who presented with an acute, unexplained, episode of excessive crying. The patient had no history of fever and no fever on presentation. There was no evidence of skin erythema or swelling on presentation. Chest radiograph and computed tomography of the head were normal. urinalysis and cerebral spinal fluid analysis were normal. The white blood cell count was within normal limits (17,400 cells/mm3). It was not until 6 hours after the onset of inconsolable crying (2.5 hours after presentation to the emergency department) that the patient's temperature rose to 38.5 degrees C (101.3 degrees F). Clinical signs of mastitis did not become appreciable until the 2nd hospital day. We review the literature on infantile mastitis and acute, unexplained, excessive crying. The importance of a thorough, conservative approach to the infant with acute, unexplained, excessive crying is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/98. Observations of an idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a very rare benign breast disease, which mimics breast cancer both clinically and mammographically. Most cases have an unknown aetiology, however, we found an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. A literature review is presented and the controversies in diagnosis and management are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = mastitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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