1/13. Possibility of in-hospital infection by cryptococcus neoformans in patients with AIDS.The objective of the present work was to carry out a survey of soil samples taken from different areas of a hospital of infectious disease located in the city of Cordoba, where three AIDS patients were hospitalized during different periods in the same ward. The three of them returned with meningeal cryptococcosis between three or five months after having been discharged. cryptococcus neoformans was isolated in 8/10 samples collected outside the hospital, near the pigeon house. The samples collected from the AIDS patients ward and its surroundings were negative. These findings suggest that the patients may have been infected by the fungus during their first stay in hospital.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/13. Unusual patterns of histoplasma capsulatum meningitis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency virus.Disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy occur in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At autopsy, DH patients with central nervous system involvement almost always show extensive involvement of the lungs and reticuloendothelial system in addition to the brain, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is manifest as multiple demyelinating lesions in several locations in the brain. We describe an AIDS patient with a long history of aggressively treated DH who died with DH in the brain only; fungus was not found elsewhere at autopsy. In addition, there was a papovavirus infection restricted to the cerebellum with predominant involvement of the internal granular cell layer; again, demyelinating lesions were not found elsewhere in the brain. Each of these patterns of brain involvement is rare. As the incidence of AIDS increases and patients are treated aggressively, the frequency of unusual neuropathologic patterns of opportunistic infections may be expected to increase.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/13. Disseminated Sporothix schenckii in a patient with AIDS.sporothrix schenckii is a widespread dimorphic fungus which can cause cutaneous infection following local implantation. Disseminated sporotrichosis may occur in immunodeficient individuals but meningitis remains a rare complication. diagnosis is usually difficult, requiring isolation of the organism from the CSF or skin so appropriate treatment can be promptly initiated. We present the first case of S. schenckii meningitis reported in the UK in a patient with AIDS. He presented with insidious features of meningoencephalitis, hydrocephalus and multiple cutaneous lesions and failed to respond to therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/13. Disseminated scedosporium apiospermum infection in a cystic fibrosis patient after double-lung transplantation.scedosporium apiospermum is a saprophytic ubiquitous filamentous fungus. It can cause a wide spectrum of diseases, from localized to invasive infections. S apiospermum has been described as one of the major fungal agents of chronic colonization of airways in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Invasive infections due to S apiospermum are only rarely reported in CF after lung transplantation. A 26-year-old woman with CF and chronic bronchial colonization by S apiospermum developed bilateral chorioretinitis and subcutaneous nodules 4 weeks after double-lung transplantation (LTx). Isolates of S apiospermum from sputum samples before and after LTx and from vitreal fluid were typed by random amplification of polymorphic dna (RAPD). The patient was treated with voriconazole (VRC). The patient improved with VRC given orally for 6 months. Two days after VRC discontinuation, she developed sub-acute meningitis (isolation of S apiospermum from the cerebrospinal fluid). She was again given VRC, but died 23 days later from uncontrolled fungal infection. molecular typing of clinical isolates of S apiospermum performed by RAPD demonstrated that all isolates belonged to the same genotype. S apiospermum is a frequent, but late colonizing fungal agent in CF patients. In the case of LTx, these patients can develop invasive infection due to the colonizing strain, as confirmed by molecular typing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/13. aspergillus mycotic aneurysm--case report.A 61-year-old female developed subarachnoid hemorrhage after trans-sphenoidal surgery for Rathke's cleft cyst. Neuroradiological examination revealed a large aneurysm at the C1 portion of the right internal carotid artery. autopsy revealed marked proliferation of aspergillus hyphae in the wall of the aneurysm. A review of previously reported cases of fungal aneurysm proposes two developmental processes. Aneurysms secondary to fungal meningitis tend to be large in size and located in the major cerebral artery trunk, but aneurysms following fungal sepsis tend to be small and in peripheral branches. The former aneurysms are probably caused by fungus invasion into the intracranium, usually from the paranasal sinus, and the latter may be due to fungal emboli like bacterial emboli in bacterial endocarditis. Ruptured fungal aneurysms are difficult to treat, so fungal meningitis or sepsis must be eradicated before an aneurysm develops.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/13. fluconazole treatment of Blastoschizomyces capitatus meningitis in an allogeneic bone marrow recipient.The first known case of Blastoschizomyces capitatus meningitis occurring in an allogeneic bone marrow recipient on steroid and cyclosporine therapy for chronic graft-versus-host disease is reported. An 11-month course of treatment with oral fluconazole resulted in resolution of the meningeal syndrome and eradication of Blastoschizomyces capitatus from the cerebrospinal fluid. Three months after discontinuation of fluconazole the patient died due to idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and bilateral pneumothorax, without clinical signs of meningitis. Post mortem examination showed meningeal fungus invasion consistent with Blastoschizomyces capitatus infection. Oral fluconazole treatment thus did not eradicate the fungal infection, but achieved significant control of the meningitis on an outpatient basis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/13. coccidioidomycosis of the central nervous system: neuropathological and vasculopathic manifestations and clinical correlates.Infection due to the fungus coccidioides immitis, which is endemic to the southwestern united states, is currently occurring in epidemic proportions. Although it usually presents as a subclinical infection or a mild, self-limited pulmonary infection, disseminated infection can occur, especially in immunosuppressed patients. In patients with disseminated coccidioidomycosis, CNS spread is commonly responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The neurological presentations of C. immitis infection of the CNS are variable. The spectrum of neuropathological change ranges from meningitis to meningoencephalitis and meningomyelitis with extensive parenchymal destruction, sometimes as a result of an associated endarteritis obliterans. We describe a patient with AIDS who developed CNS coccidioidomycosis, and we report the findings of a clinicopathological analysis of eight patients with fatal CNS coccidioidomycosis who were autopsied at UCLA Medical Center. CNS coccidioidomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with neurological symptoms, especially when they are immunosuppressed and live in regions where the disease is endemic.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/13. Disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as urinary tract obstruction in a renal transplant recipient.Disseminated histoplasmosis occasionally involves the kidney, but the infection usually does not cause either urinary symptoms or a decrease in renal function. We present a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in a renal transplant recipient who presented with urinary obstruction in the allograft from a sloughed renal papilla infected with the fungus. At the same time the patient had chronic meningitis from histoplasma capsulatum. The literature on renal involvement with histoplasmosis is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/13. cerebral phaeohyphomycosis.A 14-year-old girl with a rare form of fungal brain abscess involving the dura and brain parenchyma is reported. No portal of entry of the infection was found. Histological findings and fungal culture both indicated that the causative agent was Xylohypha bantiana, an uncommon dematiaceous fungus. A review of the literature suggests that this infection, which affects primarily young male patients, exhibits distinct neurotropism. Despite therapy, the prognosis is generally poor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/13. Neonatal candida albicans meningitis: report of one case.Candida meningitis is a growing problem today. We report a 21-day-old male baby who was a victim of candida albicans meningitis with the initial presentations of fever, mild stiff neck, poor feeding and activity. He had been treated with intravenous antibiotics and ventilator therapy prior to admission Initially, he was treated as a case of bacterial sepsis after admission with intravenous antibiotics. Due to positive cultures of cerebrospinal fluid for candida albicans twice, intravenous amphotericin b was started from the 13th hospital day and was continued for 38 days. The successive three sets of CSF fungus culture yielded negative results and the patient was doing well without fever. Meanwhile, the brain sonogram revealed normal findings and he was discharged in a stable condition. We report this case and review some literature in an attempt to know more about this unusual disease, which is becoming more frequent as progress in intensive care grows.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fungus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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