1/8. Varicella zoster meningitis preceeded by thrombophlebitis in a patient with Hodgkin's disease.Varicella zoster (V-Z) infections are common among patients with hematological malignancies, particularly Hodgkin's disease (HD). The common denominator in both HD and V-Z infections is immunosuppression. Most of V-Z infections occur in patients with HD during the remission period, who have mixed cellularity sub-type, with stage III disease and who have received combined chemo-radiation therapy. Involvement of the central nervous system usually manifests as post-herpetic neuralgia or encephalitis. Angiitis has also been found in association with V-Z infections. The authors describe a case of HD who developed V-Z meningitis preceeded by superficial thrombophlebitis of upper extremities during the period of active chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Recurrent stroke as a manifestation of primary angiitis of the central nervous system in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.CONTEXT: Cerebral vasculitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is usually related to additional or secondary infectious agents other than neoplastic diseases or hiv itself. OBJECTIVE: To describe a 31-year-old patient infected with hiv who presented with 2 recurrent, acute episodes of neurologic impairment in a 5-month period. DESIGN: Comparison of clinical and histologic data between the present case and previously published cases. SETTING: Community hospital. PATIENT: A 31-year-old, hiv-infected patient with recurrent strokes and chronic lymphocytic meningitis. INTERVENTION: After ruling out cardiac embolisms and coagulation disorders, the presence of central nervous system vasculitis, probably secondary to an infectious process, was suspected based on the clinical examination and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities. RESULTS: Necropsy findings suggest the diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the only infectious agent that could be found was hiv. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic studies were compatible with a diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system, but the pathogenic role of hiv in the genesis of the vasculitic process cannot be elucidated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Reovirus type 2 isolated from cerebrospinal fluid.An 8-week-old female infant presented with a history of active varicella complicated by escherichia coli sepsis, oral thrush, hypoalbuminemia, intermittent fevers, diarrhea and feeding intolerance. Rhesus monkey kidney cells inoculated with cerebrospinal fluid revealed reovirus-like particles by electron microscopy. Virus neutralization and rna-gel electrophoresis studies identified the isolated pathogen as reovirus serotype 2. This report represents one of only a few to isolate reovirus from the central nervous system in humans.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Drug-induced aseptic meningitis in suspected central nervous system infections.This study presents eight patients with drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) admitted to our centre with an initial suspicion of central nervous system (CNS) infection. In all patients clinical findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, a cause-effect relationship according to the Naranjo adverse drug reactions probability scale and other diagnostic criteria required for DIAM recognition, were fulfilled. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the most frequent cause of DIAM. In two cases, there was previous antimicrobial use. The time between use of the causative drug and onset of the symptoms ranged from 2 to 7 days. Clinical symptoms and CSF findings in patients with DIAM are indistinguishable from the early stage of infections of the CNS. Detailed anamnesis is essential, particularly related to medication use immediately prior to the appearance of symptoms of CNS impairment. In conclusion, the differential diagnosis of CNS infections should include DIAM.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. meningitis caused by human herpesvirus-6.Since the discovery of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) the illnesses associated with it have increased steadily. Two infants with meningitis are reported: both suffered a mild meningitis and serological studies confirmed an acute HHV-6 infection. This report supports a role of HHV-6 in nervous system disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23339454501984keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Prolonged echoviral meningitis in a cancer patient with normal serum immunoglobulins.This is a report of prolonged meningitis caused by echovirus type 20 in a patient with rhabdomyosarcoma. It represents one of the few documented cases of delayed clearance of echovirus in the cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with normal serum immunoglobulins. The case illustrates the prolonged clinical course of echoviral meningitis in a patient receiving cytotoxic drug therapy, and it suggests that factor(s) other than humoral antibodies may be involved in the elimination of echovirus from the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Management of central nervous system infections during an epidemic of enteroviral aseptic meningitis.Four hundred and fifty-six patients with signs and symptoms of potential central nervous system infection were evaluated from June 28, 1978, to September 30, 1978. The majority of the children had a relatively brief and mild illness characterized by a constellation of features previously described with central nervous system infections. fever, headache, and vomiting were typical. Altered sensorium and nuchal rigidity were inconstant. One distinct and another infrequently reported feature of enteroviral disease, hypoglycorrhachia and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in excess of 2,000 cells/mm3, occurred independently or in concert in 18% of the cases. When these unexpected findings were associated with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of aseptic meningitis, watchful observation and repeat lumbar puncture precluded the necessity to administer antibiotics in every case. The possibility of enteroviral aseptic meningitis being a definitive diagnostic entity manageable on a group, yet individual basis utilizing a disposition protocol is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.2333945450198keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Anaerobic meningitis and bacteremia caused by fusobacterium species.In the two cases of anaerobic meningitis and bacteremia caused by fusobacterium species described, upper respiratory tract infection preceded the onset of meningitis. Isolation of the causative organism and appropriate antibiotic therapy resulted in cures in both patients. Although extremely rare, these organisms should be considered as possible causative agents in meningitis when routine cultures are negative, and appropriate anaerobic culture techniques should be employed, especially when sinus, otitic, or mastoid symptoms precede or accompany the onset of meningitis. Susceptibility testing of these organisms is necessary to ensure proper therapy because of the resistance of some anaerobes to antibiotics commonly employed in meningitis. In this regard, metronidazole, which provides excellent cerebrospinal fluid levels, may prove to be an effective agent in anaerobic infections of the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |