1/65. The successful containment of coxsackie B4 infection in a neonatal unit.This report describes the containment of a potential enterovirus epidemic in a neonatal intensive care unit. A case of neonatal enterovirus meningitis and myocarditis was identified. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assist in appropriate cohorting of contacts. One further infant became cross-infected with Coxsackie B4. serum PCR was accurate in detecting the infection in the early stages in this asymptomatic neonate. Neonatal enterovirus infection is relatively rare but has the potential to cause outbreaks in neonatal wards. PCR can be used to diagnose and monitor for cross infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = virus, virus infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/65. Aseptic herpetic meningitis: an uncommon genital herpes sequelae.Aseptic herpetic meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by fever, headaches, confusion, and a combination of meningeal signs. The spinal fluid findings consist of an increase in mononuclear cells (mononuclear pleocytosis), increased protein concentration, and normal glucose concentrations. Aseptic herpetic meningitis is thought to be caused by a viral infection, although the specific virus is usually not demonstrated. The condition is self-limited and requires no treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.27800943822517keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/65. The west nile virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: the flushing Hospital experience.west nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, which has been known to cause human infection in africa, the middle east, and southwestern asia. It has also been isolated in australia and sporadically in europe but never in the americas. Clinical features include acute fever, severe myalgias, headache, conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, and a roseolar rash. Rarely is encephalitis or meningitis seen. During the month of August 1999, a cluster of 5 patients with fever, confusion, and weakness were admitted to the intensive care unit of the same hospital in new york city. Ultimately 4 of the 5 developed flaccid paralysis and required ventilatory support. Three patients with less-severe cases presented shortly thereafter. With the assistance of the new york city and New York State health departments and the Centers for disease Control and Prevention, these were documented as the first cases of WNV infection on this continent.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0694097592548keywords = encephalitis, virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/65. Maternal intrauterine herpes simplex virus infection leading to persistent fetal vasculature.herpes simplex virus can cause serious ocular and systemic disease in the neonate. The mode of transmission to the neonate is usually from the maternal birth canal to the fetus intrapartum; but much more rarely, hematogenous transplacental infection can affect the developing fetus months prior to birth. Persistent fetal vasculature occurs when there is persistence of the fetal ocular vasculature, which normally regresses prior to birth. To our knowledge, we report the first case of serologically proven intrauterine herpes simplex virus infection associated with bilateral persistent fetal vasculature in a surviving term infant. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:837-840- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.4979150559735keywords = virus, virus infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/65. Chronic parvovirus B-19 meningoencephalitis with additional detection of Epstein-Barr virus dna in the cerebrospinal fluid of an immunocompetent patient.parvovirus B19 dna was detected by polymerase chain reaction in the brain biopsy specimen from a 67-year-old immunocompetent woman with severe chronic lymphocytic meningoencephalitis. In addition to parvovirus B19, Epstein-Barr virus dna was identified in the CSF. Genomic material from Epstein-Barr virus was absent in the brain tissue. Clinical symptoms and CSF pleocytosis improved under long-term corticosteroid-treatment. The aetio-pathogenetic role of parvovirus B19 and the possible meaning of the additionally detected Epstein-Barr virus dna are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.8491337403006keywords = encephalitis, virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/65. Varicella zoster meningitis preceeded by thrombophlebitis in a patient with Hodgkin's disease.Varicella zoster (V-Z) infections are common among patients with hematological malignancies, particularly Hodgkin's disease (HD). The common denominator in both HD and V-Z infections is immunosuppression. Most of V-Z infections occur in patients with HD during the remission period, who have mixed cellularity sub-type, with stage III disease and who have received combined chemo-radiation therapy. Involvement of the central nervous system usually manifests as post-herpetic neuralgia or encephalitis. Angiitis has also been found in association with V-Z infections. The authors describe a case of HD who developed V-Z meningitis preceeded by superficial thrombophlebitis of upper extremities during the period of active chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.79140032102965keywords = encephalitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/65. Recurrent stroke as a manifestation of primary angiitis of the central nervous system in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.CONTEXT: Cerebral vasculitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is usually related to additional or secondary infectious agents other than neoplastic diseases or hiv itself. OBJECTIVE: To describe a 31-year-old patient infected with hiv who presented with 2 recurrent, acute episodes of neurologic impairment in a 5-month period. DESIGN: Comparison of clinical and histologic data between the present case and previously published cases. SETTING: Community hospital. PATIENT: A 31-year-old, hiv-infected patient with recurrent strokes and chronic lymphocytic meningitis. INTERVENTION: After ruling out cardiac embolisms and coagulation disorders, the presence of central nervous system vasculitis, probably secondary to an infectious process, was suspected based on the clinical examination and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities. RESULTS: Necropsy findings suggest the diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the only infectious agent that could be found was hiv. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic studies were compatible with a diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system, but the pathogenic role of hiv in the genesis of the vasculitic process cannot be elucidated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3900471911259keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/65. Recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 meningitis: a case report of Mollaret's meningitis.It is well known that herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 produces acute meningitis, while HSV type 2 rarely causes recurrent meningitis (Mollaret's meningitis). We report the history of a 40-year-old patient with recurrent HSV type 2 meningitis (Mollaret's meningitis). The patient had seven episodes of meningeal symptoms within a 7-year period. In the seventh episode, HSV type 2 dna was confirmed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A real-time quantitative PCR study of the first CSF sample detected 2,000 copies of the HSV genome, which rapidly disappeared following treatment with acyclovir. The present case may be the first case of HSV type 2 Mollaret's meningitis to be documented in japan. In our case, HSV serum antibody titers were at low levels during the whole course of the disease. The possible pathophysiology of this case is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3900471911259keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/65. optic neuritis complicating west nile virus meningitis in a young adult.A case of west nile virus (WNV) infection with meningitis and optic neuritis in a 28-year-old man is presented. The patient had a number of unusual clinical and laboratory findings that broadened the differential diagnosis. The emergence of WNV infection in southern europe and north america calls for increased awareness of physicians to this clinical entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3900471911259keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/65. west nile virus infection transmitted by blood transfusion.BACKGROUND: A patient with transfusion-transmitted west nile virus (WNV) infection confirmed by viral culture of a blood component is described. A 24-year-old female with severe postpartum hemorrhage developed fever, chills, headache, and generalized malaise after transfusion of 18 units of blood components; a serum sample and the cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for the presence of WNV IgM antibodies. An investigation was initiated to determine a possible association between transfusion and WNV infection. STUDY DESIGN AND methods: blood donors were assessed for recent infection through questionnaires and WNV testing of serum samples. Whole-blood retention segments and untransfused blood components were sent to the CDC to test for the presence of WNV through PCR (TaqMan, Applied Biosystems), IgM ELISA, plaque reduction neutralization testing, and viral culture. RESULTS: Three of 15 available donor retention segments were WNV PCR-positive. WNV was recovered from one associated blood component. The implicated donor was symptomatic near the time of donation; serology confirmed WNV IgM seroconversion. CONCLUSION: Seroconversion of a symptomatic donor, the presence of viral genetic material in an associated whole-blood retention segment, and recovery of WNV from an associated component provides compelling evidence for transfusion-acquired infection. This report has important implications for blood safety.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0539339324238keywords = virus, virus infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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