1/3. basilar artery aneurysm with autonomic features: an interesting pathophysiological problem.Unruptured cerebral aneurysms often present with neuro-ophthalmological symptoms but ocular autonomic involvement from an aneurysm of the posterior circulation has not previously been reported. A patient is described with a basilar artery aneurysm presenting with headache and unilateral autonomic symptoms. After angiographic coiling of the aneurysm there was a near complete resolution of these features. The relevant anatomy and proposed mechanism of autonomic involvement of what may be considered--from a pathophysiological perspective as a secondary trigeminal-autonomic cephalgia--is discussed- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = near (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. spasm of the near reflex associated with head injury.spasm of the near reflex is characterized by intermittent miosis, convergence spasm and pseudomyopia with blurred vision at distance. Usually, it is a functional disorder in young patients with underlying emotional problems. Only rarely is it caused by organic disorder. We report a patient who developed convergent spasm associated with miosis after head trauma at the age of 84 years.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = near (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. Vision and ocular changes following accidental exposure to organophosphates.The most conspicuous short-term effects of exposure to organophosphates are miotic pupils and a reduced visual field. Two men accidentally exposed to vapors of sarin, a cholinesterase inhibitor and extremely toxic nerve gas, showed these effects but no adverse effects on near- or far-visual acuities, oculomotor functions, intraocular pressure or color vision. However, reports of other accidental exposures to organophosphorus compounds suggest that there are visual and ocular changes, including myopia and decreased visual acuity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = near (Clic here for more details about this article) |