1/4. Bilateral congenital choanal atresia and absence of respiratory distress.Bilateral congenital choanal atresia is considered a lethal congenital malformation in an obligatory nasal breathing neonate. Described herein are two cases of bilateral choanal atresia associated with craniofacial anomalies who did not present respiratory distress in the neonatal period. Our first patient had a complete unilateral cleft lip which facilitated oropharyngeal respiration. The second patient presented wory distress in the neonatal period by providing an oropharyngeal airway.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = craniofacial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. Craniofacial morphology in an unusual case with nasal aplasia studied by roentgencephalometry and three-dimensional CT scanning.OBJECTIVE: To examine the three-dimensional morphology of internal structures of the craniofacial region and present the orthodontic problems in an unusual case with nasal aplasia. PATIENT: The patient was an 11.5-year-old boy with aplasia of the nose and nasal cavity with extremely constricted nasopharyngeal airway. He did not have mental or somatic retardation. The patient had dacryostenosis. The morphology of the craniofacial structures was characterized by absence of septal structures, including cribriform plate, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage; bony hypotelorism; midface hypoplasia; short and retrognathic maxilla with Class III jaw relationship; average mandibular plane angle; high arched palate; severe anterior open bite with bilateral posterior crossbites; and dental anomalies (agenesis of four maxillary permanent teeth, microdontia, taurodontism, and short roots). Thus, the patient had characteristic dentofacial phenotype, which might be caused by a combination of the primary anomaly and the functional disturbances secondary to the nasal obstruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = craniofacial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Influence of respiratory pattern on craniofacial growth.The purpose of this paper has been to explore the relationship between upper airway obstruction and craniofacial growth. A review of the literature and of a preliminary study by the author in collaboration with investigators at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh indicate both the spectrum of skeletal and dental configurations which are associated with upper airway obstruction and the significant changes in patterns of facial growth which are observed following removal of the obstruction. Four clinical cases were presented. While admittedly only case reports, these do illustrate the potential interaction between alterations in respiratory function and craniofacial growth pattern. The four clinical cases are representative of one type of facial problem which has been classically associated with the mouth-breathing individual; that is a steep mandibular plane. We fully recognize that there are many other manifestations of the environmental problem of upper respiratory obstruction. However, these cases do illustrate the relationship between function and form (i.e. obstruction and deviant facial growth). In order for this relationship to be more fully documented, data from controlled randomized clinical trials must be analyzed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = craniofacial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia.Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia in two brothers, aged fourteen and twelve, is reported. Both brothers presented with deafness, repeated episodes of cold and cough and mouth breathing. Striking craniofacial configuration consisted of hypertelorism, prominent glabella and zygomatic arches, mandibular prognathism and overgrowth of middle third of face. Both patients had genu valgum deformity. Low intelligence and poor scholastic performance present in both brothers were attributed to deafness. Radiographic features consisted of obtuse mandibular angle, defective dentition, sclerotic frontal sinuses, sclerotic mastoids and temporal bones. Splaying of metaphyses of long bones was associated with mild sclerosis. Mild degree of widening of ribs was also present. One brother also had hallux valgus deformity. The radiographic and clinical differentiation of cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia and metaphyseal dysplasia (Pyle's disease) is highlighted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = craniofacial (Clic here for more details about this article) |