1/15. Candida dubliniensis in radiation-induced oropharyngeal candidiasis.Candida dubliniensis is a recently described species that has been shown to cause oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with hiv. We present a detailed evaluation of a patient undergoing head and neck radiation for oral cancer who developed oropharyngeal candidiasis from a mixed infection of C dubliniensis and candida albicans. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of C dubliniensis contributing to oropharyngeal candidiasis in this patient population.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/15. Minimally differentiated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML-M0) granulocytic sarcoma presenting in the oral cavity.Acute myelogenous leukemia with minimal differentiation (AML-M0) is a rare subtype of acute leukemia in which blasts fail to show morphologic differentiation and conventional cytochemical stains and myeloid markers are negative. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) presents primarily with peripheral blood and/or bone marrow involvement. Presentation in extramedullary sites, including the head and neck region, is not uncommon. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML-M4) and acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5) have had the highest incidence of associated oral infiltrates. We report a case of a 58-year-old gentleman, with no prior history of acute leukemia, presenting with a solitary palatal swelling. Initial morphologic examination favored high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Conventional cytochemical and immunohistochemical stains were negative for lymphoid and myeloid markers. Subsequent immunophenotyping via flow cytometry performed on peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate demonstrated myeloid lineage without lymphoid differentiation, confirming the diagnosis of AML-M0.To our knowledge, this subtype of AML-M0 has not been previously reported involving the oral cavity. With absence of morphologic differentiation, and negative findings on conventional cytochemical and immunohistochemical stains, this subtype of leukemia may be misdiagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). flow cytometry is useful in detecting the myeloid lineage of this leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.046192830092397keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/15. Early radiation-induced malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the oral cavity.With an incidence of less than 0.3 per cent, post-radiation sarcomas are rare malignant neoplasms with a very poor prognosis. On average, they occur after a latency period of at least 15 years following radiation therapy with doses ranging from 24 to 80 Gy. We present the case of a post-irradiation malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) on the floor of the mouth in a 79-year-old male patient arising only five and a half years after radiation therapy. The primary tumour was classified as a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the right rim of the tongue. Primary therapy was surgical resection of the tumour and post-operative radiation with 50 Gy. Five and a half years later, the patient developed a rapidly progressing MFH within the field of radiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/15. Cytogenetic characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinomas in fanconi anemia.fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive syndrome with a marked predisposition to malignancies, in particular acute myeloid leukemia and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. We examined oral squamous cell carcinoma tissue from two FA patients (FA-A and FA-C) by comparative genomic hybridization. Both tumors, which were negative for human papilloma as well as Epstein-Barr viral sequences, showed multiple alterations with a high proportion of whole-arm chromosomal gains and losses. This combination of features as well as the sites involved in chromosomal breakage are very similar to what is typically observed in non-FA oral tumors. These results suggest that the process leading to early occurrence of oral cancer in FA patients follows a similar pathway as in non-FA cancer patients, which would support a caretaker function for FA genes in the protection against oral carcinogenesis. Since FA patients are uniquely hypersensitive to dna cross-linking agents, while oral cancer in the general population is thought to be environmentally induced, these results also suggest that environmental dna cross-linkers may be causally involved in oral carcinogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0038494025076997keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/15. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the head and neck after radiation for squamous cell carcinoma.A 60-year-old man presented with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the oropharynx. The mass extended into the nasopharynx and larynx and caused severe upper airway obstruction that required emergency tracheotomy. Ten years earlier, he had undergone a right partial glossectomy and segmental mandibulectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the right tongue base,followed by 50 Gy of radiation delivered over 33 sessions. The tumor was so aggressive that changes in its volume were visually distinguishable during physical examination over a 2-week hospital stay. Histologic evaluation revealed 7 mitotic figures per high-power field. Although radiation-induced malignant fibrous histiocytoma is rare in the head and neck, the recent medical literature indicates that its incidence is rising. This rise has been attributed to the increased effectiveness of head and neck cancer therapy, which results in prolonging patients' survival and, hence, their risk of subsequent disease. Because malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a late complication of radiation therapy, appearing on average 10 years following treatment, it is important that physicians who treat head and neck cancer monitor these patients over the long term and remain alert for its appearance, even despite the apparent "cure" of their original neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/15. Granulocytic sarcoma: an atypical presentation in the oral cavity.Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a hematologic disorder that is characterized by an abnormal proliferation of immature myeloid cells. Granulocytic sarcomas are clusters of leukemic myeloid cells that may develop as a result of AML. oral manifestations of AML are common and often involve enlargements of the gingiva and/or mucosal tissue from direct leukemia cell infiltration. We describe the case history of a 50-year-old man who had an ulcerative lesion of the oral mucosa that was determined to be a granulocytic sarcoma of AML-MO subtype. The combination of both the subtype and clinical presentation of the leukemia makes this presentation unusual, and to the best of our knowledge, of a type that has not been previously reported in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.011548207523099keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/15. Multiple neoplasms in two siblings with a variant form of Fanconi's anemia.Two siblings with a variant form of Fanconi's anemia developed multiple neoplasms after prolonged survival and treatment with androgens. One of the siblings developed two separate oral squamous cell carcinomata, and the other developed acute leukemia and hepatoma. androgens may have had a carcinogenic role in the appearance of the hepatic neoplasm. There is an increased incidence of neoplasm associated with Fanconi's anemia. This may be related to frequent spontaneous chromosomal abberations and/or to increased cellular susceptibility to viral transformation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0038494025076997keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/15. Extramedullary cutaneous plasmacytoma.Neoplastic degeneration of plasma cells can show different clinical features, including multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia. skin involvement is not rare in patients with multiple myeloma, and represents a poor prognosis. Appearance of a cutaneous plasmacytoma without the involvement of bone marrow is very rare. We describe a patient who had cutaneous plasmacytoma, with two solitary lesions of the oral cavity. The patient also showed a cerebral involvement, but no evidence of multiple myeloma, with normal-appearing bone marrow.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0038494025076997keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/15. Cutaneous and mucosal neoplasms in bone marrow transplant recipients.Fifty-six long-term survivors of bone marrow allografts were followed for a minimum of 40 months after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to determine the frequency of secondary malignancies. The 56 patients included ten with severe aplastic anemia (SAA), 16 with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), 11 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 19 with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). All patients received a preparative regimen combining high-dose chemotherapy with total body irradiation (TBI). Three patients developed a malignancy of the skin or oral mucosa. Two were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and one as a malignant melanoma. All three patients had chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) and were treated for prolonged periods with immunosuppressive medications. The lesions of all patients developed in areas involved by chronic GvHD.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.011548207523099keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/15. Three cases of oral squamous cancer associated with leukocytosis, hypercalcemia, or both.Three examples of malignant neoplasms primary to the oral cavity and associated with paraneoplastic syndromes are presented. The first case is a squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla associated with leukocytosis. The second case is a mandibular squamous cell carcinoma associated with hypercalcemia in the absence of bony metastases. The third case is a squamous cancer of the tongue that metastasized to the lumbar vertebrae and right second rib and was associated with both hypercalcemia and leukocytosis. There was no evidence of acute infection or leukemia that could be expected to account for leukocytosis. hypercalcemia in the second case was defined as humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy by biochemical and clinical evaluations. To our knowledge, this is the first definitive report of a carcinoma primary to the oral cavity associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In each case, the severity of hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both very closely correlated with tumor growth. Surgical excision of the tumors or regression of tumor mass due to aggressive anticancer drug administration resulted in decreases in leukocyte number, serum calcium level, or both. In contrast, recurrence or regrowth of tumors induced further development of hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both. It is therefore likely that humoral factors released by these oral carcinomas are responsible for the hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0038494025076997keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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