1/5. Unilateral bowing of long bones and multiple congenital anomalies in a child born to a mother with gestational diabetes.We report on a new-born girl with multiple congenital anomalies consisting of major skeletal anomalies restricted to the left side, cleft palate, ventricular and atrial septal defect, retromicrognathia, short neck, dysplastic low-set ears and large birth weight. The left-side bony anomalies include shortening and bowing of the femur and tibia, hypoplasia of the fibula, hip dislocation, clubfoot and mild shortening of the long tubular bones in the left arm with elbow dislocation. The pregnancy was complicated by insulin-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus in the mother. The radiographic features were not consistent with the diagnosis of campomelic dysplasia, kyphomelic dysplasia or other skeletal dysplasias characterized by bowing and shortening of the long bones. To our knowledge, the multiple congenital anomalies, including major skeletal malformations, present in our case have never been simultaneously reported until now. A maternal diabetes syndrome in this infant is probable. The occurrence of major congenital malformations in offspring of women with gestational diabetes is reviewed and discussed. We provide evidence that gestational diabetes mellitus could be teratogenic. We recommend a careful diabetic control in every woman with a history of gestational diabetes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cleft, cleft palate, palate (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Molecular characterization of partial trisomy 16q24.1-qter: clinical report and review of the literature.We describe a 3(1/2)-year-old girl with psychomotor and mental retardation; dysmorphic features, including a high forehead with bitemporal narrowing; a broad nasal bridge and a broadened nose; downslanting palpebral fissures; abnormal ears; vertebral abnormalities; cardiac defect; genital hypoplasia; and anal abnormalities. The karyotype of our patient (550 bands) was normal. Molecular cytogenetic techniques, including comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), revealed that this girl was a carrier of a de novo derivative chromosome 7 arising from a cryptic t(7;16)(p22.3;q24.1) translocation generating a trisomy 16q24.1-qter and a 7p22.3-pter deletion. FISH with a series of specific chromosome 7p and 16q probes allowed us to delineate the chromosome 7 breakpoint between YAC660G6 (WD7S517) and YAC848A12 (D7S521, D7S31, and WI-4829) and the chromosome 16 breakpoint between BAC457K7 (D42053) and BAC44201 (SGC30711). The comparison of the clinical features of our patient with those of 2 cases of pure terminal 7p deletion and 28 cases of trisomy 16q reported in the literature allowed us to establish the following phenotype-genotype correlation for trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 16: distinctive facies (high/prominent forehead, bitemporal narrowing, periorbital edema in the neonatal period); severe mental retardation; vertebral, genital, and anal abnormalities to 16q24; distal joint contractures and camptodactyly to 16q23; cleft palate and renal anomalies to 16q22; beaked nose and gall bladder agenesis to 16q21; gut malrotation; lung and liver anomalies to 16q13; and behavior abnormalities to band 16q11-q13.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cleft, cleft palate, palate (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. documentation of anomalies not previously described in Fryns syndrome.We report on a case of Fryns syndrome with microcephaly, multiple facial anomalies, hypoplasia of distal phalanges, diaphragmatic defect with a thin, translucent diaphragm, microphthalmia (right), anophthalmia (left), and multiple midline developmental defects including gastroschisis, central nervous system defects including left arrhinencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia, midline cleft of the upper lip, alveolar ridge and maxillary bone, and cleft nose with bilateral choanal atresia. These defects add to our knowledge of the phenotype of Fryns syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2551252983346keywords = cleft (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Bridging the cleft over the throbbing heart.Primary repair of sternal cleft deformities are best achieved in the neonatal period. Conversion of a partial defect to a complete sternal cleft with sternal bar mobilization is able to achieve sternal approximation in most cases. We describe a new technique of fracturing the clavicles in unyielding cases as was our experience in a 6-week-old infant.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.7653758950038keywords = cleft (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Marden-Walker syndrome: a case report and a critical review of the literature.We present a patient with blepharophimosis, joint contractures, immobile facies, decreased muscular bulk, postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, micrognathia, cleft palate, camptodactyly, arachnodactyly, pectus, kyphoscoliosis, hypospadias, and absent deep tendon reflexes. These findings are consistent with Marden-Walker syndrome (MWS). Twenty-two additional cases in the literature are reviewed. Diagnostic criteria are proposed, and the spectrum of variability is discussed. Evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance is reviewed as is the differential diagnosis. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cleft, cleft palate, palate (Clic here for more details about this article) |