1/68. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the tongue.The cytologic features derived from a fine-needle aspiration of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) of the base of the tongue are described. The tumor cells were composed of cuboidal epithelial cells and short, spindle-shaped myoepithelial-like cells, and they formed large cell clusters. In the central portion of the clusters, myxoid materials were present, and palisading tumor cells occasionally surrounded them. Histological examination revealed solid proliferation of the epithelial cuboidal and spindle cells. The former frequently formed tubular and papillary structures. The tumor was not encapsulated, and invasion of adjacent muscle tissue was noted. Although the cytologic differentiation from cellular variants of pleomorphic adenoma and myoepithelioma is difficult, the feature of palisading tumor cells may be useful in the differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/68. Malignant myoepithelioma of the salivary glands: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features.Malignant myoepitheliomas (myoepithelial carcinomas) are uncommon, and we know of only 29 reported cases. We present a new case together with its clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features. The tumour was located in the inferior vestibular sulcus of a 64-year-old woman. She was treated by wide local resection. Malignant myoepitheliomas are distinguished from benign myoepithelial neoplasms by their infiltrating and destructive growth. The tumour cells may be spindle-shaped or more rounded (plasmacytoid cells) and contain cellular pleomorphism and mitotic activity. The clinical and biological behaviour of this tumour is not yet known and there is little information about treatment and prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/68. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the nasopharynx.We present a patient with a rare epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the nasopharynx with a typical biphasic histopathologic pattern. Immunohistochemical findings support the concept that the inner cells differentiate to ductal epithelium and the outer cells to myoepithelium. In this patient complete excision of the tumor and reconstruction with a pedicled sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap were performed. A dna diploid pattern from flow cytometric study indicates a favorable prognosis. There was no recurrence nor metastasis for 55 months.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/68. Myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung arising from bronchial submucosa.Myoepithelial neoplasm mainly occurs in the salivary glands and breasts and is extremely rare in the lung. To our knowledge, this report describes the first documented case of a myoepithelial carcinoma present in the lung. The tumor derived from the right main bronchial submucosa and exhibited a dual epithelial and smooth muscular phenotype by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. It invaded the neighboring pulmonary tissue and the hilar lymph nodes. Despite a right pneumonectomy and chemotherapy, metastasis was found in the left lung 7 months later.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/68. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the cytological and histological features.Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare biphasic tumour of the salivary glands typically arising in the parotid. Fine needle aspiration cytology is widely used in the initial investigation of salivary gland swellings and whilst the cytological features of this tumour have been described they are not well recognized. This report describes the clinicopathological features of a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland and highlights the importance of awareness of this tumour in the differential diagnosis of biphasic tumours on fine needle aspiration cytology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/68. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland with wide and severe myoepithelial differentiation.Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lacrimal gland is the second most common epithelial tumor for which different biologic courses can be predicted by histologic criteria. Three main types of growth patterns, cribriform; tubular; and solid have been identified. Tumors with solid components frequently follow a more aggressive clinical course and show worse prognosis than those with other patterns. We herein report a case of ACC with wide and severe myoepithelial differentiation arising from the lacrimal gland and presenting with aggressive clinical behavior. Postoperative radiotherapy may be the treatment of choice to control residual lesions and provide long-term survival even in the case of incomplete resection. Despite extensive surgery and radiation therapy, the prognosis of these tumors, especially with solid components, remains extremely poor. Accurate diagnosis is important because tumor histopathology is generally believed to be the most significant factor in patient survival.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/68. Cytology of myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland.BACKGROUND: Myoepithelial carcinoma, also know as malignant myoepithelioma, is rare in the salivary gland, and its cytologic features have rarely been reported. DESIGN: Four cases of myoepithelial carcinoma with cytology were retrieved from the archives of the pathology Departments of two academic institutes. In three cases, the specimens were obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA); the remaining case was a bench aspiration performed on the surgically resected specimen at the time of intra-operative consultation. The cytologic features were reviewed and correlated with the histology. RESULTS: The four patients with myoepithelial carcinoma (two men and two women) ranged in age from 48 to 64 years. Three cases arose from the parotid gland, and the remaining case was a recurrent tumor in the minor salivary glands of the hard palate. The aspirates of two cases consisted of predominantly spindle cells, one predominantly epithelioid/plasmacytoid cells, and one with a mixture of both spindle and epithelioid/plasmacytoid cells. Cellular pleomorphism was noted in two cases and mitotic figures in three cases. Two cases were cytologically diagnosed as malignant spindle cell neoplasm, not otherwise specified. The FNA of the recurrent tumor was diagnosed as consistent with the previous malignancy. The remaining case was interpreted as a pleomorphic adenoma with atypia. CONCLUSIONS: The cytologic features of myoepithelial carcinoma are diverse and may lack overt features of malignancy. Pathologists should be aware of this entity when evaluating cytologic specimen of salivary gland mass.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/68. A case of myoepithelial carcinoma displaying biallelic inactivation of the tumour suppressor gene APC in a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis.Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation of the APC gene. It is characterised by the appearance of hundreds to thousands of colorectal adenomas in adolescence and the subsequent development of colorectal cancer. Various extracolonic malignancies are associated with FAP, including desmoids and neoplasms of the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, and brain. We present a family affected by FAP with an exon 14 APC mutation displaying two rare extracolonic lesions, a hepatoblastoma and a myoepithelial carcinoma. The hepatoblastoma was found in a male patient aged 2 years. The second lesion, a myoepithelial carcinoma of the right cheek, was found in a female patient aged 14 years. Inactivation of the normal APC allele was demonstrated in this lesion by loss of heterozygosity analysis, thus implicating APC in the initiation or progression of this neoplasm. This is the first reported case of this lesion in a family affected by FAP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/68. Collagenous spherulosis in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland. Histological and immunohistological study of a case.Previously unreported histological and immunohistochemical features of collagenous spherulosis in an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma found in an 80-year-old woman are described. The multinodular tumor located in the right parotid gland was completely removed surgically. No local recurrence of the tumor appeared during the 22-month period of periodic checkups. This is believed to be the first report on collagenous spherulosis in an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland. Different immunohistochemical characteristics of epithelial and myoepithelial neoplastic cells were found very useful for their analysis namely in parts of the tumor where one cell type greatly predominated (e.g. clear cell-type predominance). The double staining of histological sections can in this sense be recommended for the differentiation from other clear cell tumors of salivary glands allowing the correct categorization of the neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/68. Esophageal basaloid carcinoma with marked myoepithelial differentiation.A case of esophageal basaloid carcinoma with marked myoepithelial differentiation in a 60-year-old man is reported. The tumor arose as an exophytic mass, measuring 65 x 60 mm, in the middle thoracic esophagus. Approximately two-thirds of the tumor surface was covered with non-cancerous esophageal epithelium. The depth of tumor invasion was limited to the submucosal layer. Histologically, about 70% of the tumor contained a typical basaloid carcinoma component and about 30% contained glandular and intercalated duct-like components with distinct epithelial and myoepithelial differentiation. The tumor presented no component of distinct squamous cell carcinoma, but a small portion of cribriform-like structure, which is typical of adenoid cystic carcinoma, was visible. The inner epithelium composing the intercalated duct-like structure showed immunohistochemical positivity for cytokeratin 14, and the outer epithelium lining adjacent to the stroma showed positivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin. These findings supported epithelial/myoepithelial differentiation. To our knowledge, our case is the first patient with an esophageal basaloid carcinoma showing marked myoepithelial differentiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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