1/37. Muscle infections caused by Salmonella species: case report and review.We describe a patient with salmonella pyomyositis and review 30 other cases reported during the past 4 decades. Men outnumbered women by 2.9 to 1, and the median age of the patients was 51 years. Approximately one-half the cases were caused by salmonella enteritidis. Infected vascular aneurysms were observed in seven patients. Prior salmonella infections and local trauma or lesions were common. Diverse underlying conditions, mainly diabetes and human immunodeficiency virus infection, were present in 81% of the patients, and the psoas muscle was involved in 55% of the cases. One-third of the patients died, and relapses were common after a median time of 5 weeks (range, 4.5-27 weeks) in those who survived. Most patients had anemia, and pathogens were recovered from blood samples from two-thirds of the patients. Salmonella should be considered as a causative agent of muscle infections in the appropriate clinical setting, particularly in patients with underlying diseases or preexisting vascular aneurysms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/37. pyomyositis - clinical and MRI characteristics report of three cases.We report three patients with pyomyositis due to staphylococcus aureus. Magnetic resonance imaging aided in the accurate diagnosis of the infection and of the extent of involvement. Incision, drainage and antibiotic therapy eradicated the infection in all the patients. We suggest clinical or subclinical bacteraemic seeding of the diseased muscle, as the most likely mechanism for pyomyositis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.05291996791527keywords = aid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/37. pyomyositis after chemotherapy for breast cancer.pyomyositis is a rare complication of chemotherapy. A 47-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer, in whom pyomyositis developed after chemotherapy, is described. It was difficult to differentiate between pyomyositis and deep venous thrombosis early in her admission. pyomyositis should be considered part of the differential diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. This infection, after chemotherapy, usually is considered to be caused by neutropenia or immunodeficiency secondary to the cancer, or both. It is postulated that subclinical myopathy, secondary to the malignancy or drugs used in treating the malignancy, or both, may also predispose to pyomyositis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/37. Childhood polymyositis with cardiac conduction defects.Pediatric polymyositis may be an entity distinct from dermatomyositis. Chronic polymyositis can occur in childhood and, as in adults, may be associated with arrhythmias. Microscopical involvement of the myocardium and pericardium in dermatomyositis is probably far more common than suspected on clinical grounds. Cardiac evaluation is suggested for all children with dermatomyositis or polymyositis, particularly prior to surgical procedures. Intracardiac electrographic recording techniques offer improved accuracy in determining the site of cardiac conduction defects, and may aid in planning for the use of antiarrhythmia medications or a pacemaker. In children with dermatomyositis or polymyositis known cardiac stimulants should be administered with care.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.05291996791527keywords = aid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/37. Acute limb ischemia secondary to myositis-induced compartment syndrome in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection.Myositis, while uncommon, develops more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report a case of acute lower leg ischemia caused by myositis in such a patient. Urgent four-compartment fasciotomy of the lower leg was performed, which decompressed the compartmental hypertension and reversed the arterial ischemia. This case underscores the importance of recognizing compartment syndrome as a cause of acute limb ischemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/37. pyomyositis in north america: case reports and review.We report two cases and review the characteristics of pyomyositis. The courses of patients who presented with pyomyositis at the Maricopa Medical Center (Phoenix) are detailed. Ninety-eight reported cases over the last 20 years in north america, found through a medline search, are summarized. Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may predispose the patient to pyomyositis. The onset is usually insidious with progression to large purulent collections and significant morbidity. The diagnosis is frequently suggested by findings of imaging studies. staphylococcus aureus is responsible for most cases in tropical areas but is less frequently associated with cases in north america. Since infection with HIV predisposes patients to bacterial infections, pyomyositis will occur more frequently in this patient population. Increased awareness of the disease will improve management. Following aspiration or surgical drainage, therapy with broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics may be considered initially in the treatment of pyomyositis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/37. osteomyelitis complicating pyomyositis in HIV disease.pyomyositis has previously been described in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and as a discrete entity in HIV seronegative patients from tropical climates (tropical pyomyositis). pyomyositis and osteomyelitis are usually considered a late complication of advanced HIV disease. We describe a patient with well-controlled HIV and both types of musculoskeletal infection. The case highlights an unusual presentation, the utility of MRI in soft tissue infection and an excellent outcome from prolonged antimicrobial therapy following surgical debridement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/37. Myositis in infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome: clinicopathological observations and treatment.Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) is characterized by the presence of persistent circulating CD8 lymphocytosis and visceral CD8 lymphocytic infiltration, predominantly in the salivary glands and lungs in a subset of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Myositis has been rarely documented in DILS. We report here the histopathological abnormalities and treatment response of an HIV patient with DILS associated myositis. Muscle biopsy revealed features of polymyositis but electron microscopy study showed intranuclear filamentous inclusions of 18 nm diameter, without intracytoplasmic inclusion. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobuline was useful.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/37. Multifocal pyomyositis in an immunocompetent patient.pyomyositis is defined as suppurative infection of the skeletal muscle and usually occurs in immunocompromized patients. We managed a 23-year-old man admitted for myalgia and evidence of infection, with onset after a strenuous physical activity. Numerous muscles were involved. Multiple abscesses were visualized by ultrasonography and computed tomography, with predominant involvement of the pelvic muscles. Examination of the aspirate from a forearm abscess recovered staphylococcus aureus. No factors associated with immunodeficiency were found. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy ensured complete resolution of the infection. pyomyositis is rare in immunocompetent individuals. myalgia, fever, and rhabdomyolysis should suggest pyomyositis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the best investigations for confirming the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/37. Ocular myositis as first presenting symptom of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection and its response to high-dose cortisone treatment.A 30-year-old male presented with signs of ocular inflammation and motility disturbances in an early stage of HIV infection. The provisional diagnosis of an ocular myositis was confirmed by orbital echograms. A general check up revealed positive anti-smooth-muscle antibodies and antinuclear antibodies as well as a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Oral steroid treatment in addition to steroid eyedrops achieved complete resolution of clinical and sonographic symptoms within 15 weeks. Autoimmune phenomena are well known presentations of HIV infection. In this case oral cortisone proved to be an effective therapy even in the setting of an HIV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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