1/23. Aplasia of right internal carotid artery and hypopituitarism.BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of congenital hypopituitarism is unknown in many cases. OBJECTIVE: We report a case of congenital pan-anterior hypopituitarism in association with a complex vascular abnormality involving the central nervous system, nasal pyriform aperture stenosis, and a single central maxillary incisor. MATERIALS AND methods: MRI and MRA were used to define this patient's complex vascular anomaly. RESULTS: The vascular abnormality consists of absence of the right common carotid artery, the right internal carotid artery, the A1 segment of the right anterior cerebral artery, the anterior communicating artery, and partial absence of the M1 segment of the right middle cerebral artery. CONCLUSION: This unusual vascular anomaly may contribute to the pathogenesis of some cases of congenital hypopituitarism and related midline abnormalities, or may result from a common defect that causes pituitary insufficiency.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/23. Medial orbital protrusion--a potentially hazardous anomaly during endoscopic sinus surgery.We report the case of a 57-year-old patient with a presumed developmental anomaly of the medial orbital wall. The resultant protrusion of orbital contents into the ethmoidal complex was clearly demonstrated on coronal computed tomography (CT) scans of the paranasal sinuses. This anomaly presents a high risk of iatrogenic injury to the medial rectus and orbit during functional endoscopic sinus surgery and has not previously been described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/23. Mature teratoma of the nasal vestibule: a case report.Teratomas are rare congenital neoplasms that arise from pluripotent cells. They consist of tissue from all three embryonic germ layers. According to most studies, teratomas of the head and neck account for only 2 to 9% of all cases. In this article, we report the first case of a teratoma of the nasal vestibule in a newborn. We also discuss methods of diagnosis and treatment of upper airway teratomas, and we include a brief review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9694605902382keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/23. Extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma.Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas are vascular neoplasms, which originate characteristically in the posterior lateral wall of the nasopharynx. Although angiofibromas extend beyond the nasopharynx commonly, they rarely originate outside the nasopharynx. Reports of primary extranasopharyngeal angiofibromas have appeared sporadically in the literature. We present an unusual case of an angiofibroma arising from the middle turbinate. The clinical characteristics of extranasopharyngeal angiofibromas do not conform to that of nasopharyngeal angiofibromas. Therefore, they can present diagnostic challenges. A methodic evaluation and a high index of suspicion are essential in establishing the proper diagnosis and treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9694605902382keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/23. Meningiomas of the paranasal sinuses.Extracranial meningiomas are rare tumors, comprising approximately 2% of all meningiomas. Previously reported sites include the orbit, parapharyngeal space, and rarely, the paranasal sinuses. A retrospective chart review of patients with meningiomas was performed over the last 25 years, and three patients were identified with meningiomas involving the paranasal sinuses. The locations included the frontal sinus, the ethmoid sinus, and the sphenoid sinus. Presenting symptoms included facial pain and nasal obstruction; two patients noted facial swelling. diagnosis was established via endoscopic transnasal biopsy in two patients. Computed tomographic (CT) guided biopsy was utilized to confirm the diagnosis in the third patient. Surgical extirpation was successfully performed with tumors arising from the ethmoid and frontal sinuses. The patient with neoplasm in the sphenoid sinus underwent radiation therapy. Extracranial meningiomas of the paranasal sinuses are rare tumors that may present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present three cases and discuss the clinical presentation, radiographic findings, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9694605902382keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/23. External rhinoplasty approach for repair of posttraumatic nasal deformity.Up to 50% of patients who have suffered a nasal fracture may seek reconstructive surgery because they are dissatisfied with their appearance and/or ability to breathe. Distortion of native anatomy and dissection planes increases with severity of the injury. The external rhinoplasty approach is a biologically sound technique that offers several advantages over endonasal access for the repair of complex nasal deformities. In 30 consecutive posttraumatic rhinoplasty cases over a 2-year period, 27 (90%) patients underwent correction of their deformities via the external rhinoplasty approach. No technique-specific sequelae were encountered, and all patients were satisfied with their respective result and the healing of the transcolumellar incision. This article reviews the advantages, disadvantages, and contraindications of the external rhinoplasty approach in the posttraumatic patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/23. Subdural empyema complicating a concha bullosa pyocele.Concha bullosa is the most common anatomic variant of the middle turbinate and remains usually asymptomatic. We report a case of concha bullosa pyocele with a subdural empyema in a 11-year-old girl presenting with a subcutaneous tumefaction without neurologic deficit. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a subdural empyema communicating with subcutaneous effusion and the presence of a concha bullosa pyocele being responsible for the obstruction of ostiomeatal complex leading to frontal sinusitis. Resection of the middle turbinate with a middle meatotomy and a frontal skin incision combined with an adequate antibiotic treatment allowed this child to recover within 6 weeks.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/23. Malignant ectomesenchymoma of the nose. Case report and review of the literature.To the best of our knowledge, a malignant ectomesenchymoma of the nose has not yet been reported. This rare tumour is composed of a mesenchymal element--usually a rhabdomyosarcoma--and a neuroectodermal element, often a neuroblastoma or a malignant schwannoma. Most malignant ectomesenchymomas have been found in children (mainly boys), but 5 adult cases, including our case, have also been reported. A 62-year-old man presented with a nasal obstruction on the right side of the nose. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed a mass in the dorsal part of the right nasal cavity, which was treated by endoscopic surgery. The postoperative course was uneventful, and subsequent radiotherapy well tolerated. Since rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common component of this neoplasm, the treatment protocol for rhabdomyosarcoma would have appeared appropriate. This report reviews the literature, summarises the pathological features and possible histogenesis of the tumour, and outlines recommended treatments for malignant ectomesenchymoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9694605902382keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/23. Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in children.Inverted papillomas are rare nasal and sinus neoplasms in children. The disturbing biological characteristics of these tumors seen in adults, including malignant degeneration and the high frequency of recurrence, have been similarly observed in the pediatric population. Therefore, inverted papilloma in children mandates similar treatment to that proven effective in adults, including wide excision and careful histopathological examination of any tissue excised. radiation therapy should be reserved for those tumors associated with carcinoma. Since recurrences can occur after long periods of time, life-long follow-up is warranted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.9694605902382keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/23. Foetal warfarin syndrome--a complex airway problem. Case report and review of the literature.Premature cartilaginous calcification and nasal hypoplasia following first trimester exposure to warfarin are known as the Foetal warfarin syndrome (FWS). There are over 40 cases reported in the literature, many of which describe breathing and feeding difficulties in the first few months of life. We report a case where a child had had difficulties breathing and feeding in the first months of life. These had been attributed to nasal hypoplasia. After proper ENT assessment the child benefitted from adenoidectomy. ENT surgeons should be aware of the syndrome as more women of child bearing age are taking warfarin following cardiac surgery and treatment of thromboembolic disease. ENT surgeons may be asked to review these children who often present with airway and feeding problems which have been attributed to nasal hypoplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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