1/7. Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.BACKGROUND: Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is an inflammatory disorder of the retina thought to be caused by a motile worm. It initially presents with unilateral recurring crops of gray-white retinal lesions and mild to severe inflammation. Over a period of months, diffuse retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes, arteriolar attenuation, and optic atrophy will develop. In approximately 25% of cases, a worm is visualized during the eye examination. Laser treatment to kill the worm is the only reliable way to halt progression of this disease. methods: The following case report presents a 9-year-old girl with unilateral vision loss. RESULTS: Clinical observation and several blood tests to rule out systemic diseases resulted in a diagnosis of DUSN. Although a worm was not visualized, laser treatment of its suspected location resulted in recovery of some vision. CONCLUSIONS: DUSN is often diagnosed by clinical presentation alone, because a worm may not be visualized. An appropriate initial work-up and timely initiation of laser treatment are essential to preservation of vision.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/7. Multifocal electroretinography response after laser photocoagulation of a subretinal nematode.PURPOSE: To describe multifocal electroretinography findings before and after laser photocoagulation of a subretinal nematode in diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. METHOD: Observational case report. A 45-year-old woman with left eye inflammation, subretinal tracts superior and temporal to the fovea, and a subretinal coiled mobile parasite was treated with laser photocoagulation to destroy the nematode. Multifocal electroretinography was performed before and after laser photocoagulation. RESULTS: In the left eye, multifocal electroretinography before treatment showed decreased foveal response density and increased parafoveal and perifoveal waveform amplitudes. Two months after laser photocoagulation, multifocal electroretinography showed full recovery of normal findings and the visual acuity remained 20/20. CONCLUSION: Multifocal electroretinography appears to be useful in evaluating the retinal findings after photocoagulation of a parasite associated with diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/7. Nematode in the retina.An unidentified nematode in the retina of an otherwise healthy young lady causing inflammation and exudation is reported. The worm was destroyed by xenon photocoagulation, There was complete recovery and remarkable improvement in visual acuity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/7. Aqueous cytology and enzymes in nematode endophthalmitis.A 7-year-old girl had a white fundus mass and vitreous cells, compatible with an endophytic retinoblastoma. Aqueous aspiration revealed normal lactate dehydrogenase levels and large numbers of eosinophils, suggesting the diagnosis of nematode endophthalmitis. Treatment with corticosteroids brought about resolution of the inflammation and an excellent visual result.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/7. Abdominal angiostrongylosis in an African man: case study.A nodule removed from the cecum of a 25-year-old Zairian man contained a degenerated adult nematode. The surrounding tissue contained larvae and eggs in various stages of cleavage. eggs and larvae were indistinguishable from those of angiostrongylus costaricensis. These morphological features are described. The diameter and cuticle, and the anatomic location of the adult worm is consistent with A. costaricensis. The tissue reaction was chronic with granulomatous inflammation and numerous eosinophils. This is the first report of abdominal angiostrongylosis of a human in africa.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/7. Intestinal anisakiasis. Report of a case and recovery of larvae from market fish.Intestinal anisakiasis refers to the accidental infection of humans by a marine nematode as a result of eating raw fish which contains larval stages of the nematode sub-family Anisakinae. The symptoms mimic appendicitis or regional enteritis and most cases are diagnosed post-operatively. This patient developed acute intestinal symptoms two weeks after eating raw salmon. A degenerating 150 micron larva accompanied by acute inflammation and granulation tissue was found in an adhesive band which extended from her jejunum to her omentum. Examination of a single salmon obtained from the same market where the patient shopped resulted in the recovery of 5 viable larvae, and confirmed the impression that anisakine infection of market fish is common. A related species (Phocanema) causes infestation, but not symptomatic disease. Although common in countries where raw fish is routinely eaten (e.g., japan), its frequency is not proportional to the size of the group at risk, suggesting that predisposing factors influence the course of exposure. Preventative measures include freezing at -17 degrees for 24 hours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/7. Transretinal membrane formation in diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.BACKGROUND: Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is characterized by unilateral visual loss with vitreous inflammation, optic disc swelling, and the presence of gray-white lesions in the deep retina, and can be associated with intraocular nematode infection. To date, no cases of transretinal membrane formation in DUSN have been reported. methods: A 22-year-old woman was examined for a 2-week history of unilateral decreased vision and neuroretinitis. A subretinal nematode was identified and a diagnosis of DUSN was made. The nematode was destroyed with laser photocoagulation. An epiretinal membrane and traction retinal detachment persisted and the membrane was removed surgically, at which time it was noted to be transretinal, passing through a full-thickness retinal defect into the subretinal space. Laser photocoagulation was performed with the argon green laser (400 mW, 400 microns, 100 msec). Subsequent removal of the epiretinal portion of the transretinal membrane was performed via a pars plana approach. The membrane was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: The laser photocoagulation was successful in destroying the nematode. Partial resolution of the neurosensory detachment resulted in marked improvement in visual acuity. The membrane consisted of a pauicellular collagenous stroma with scattered fibroblasts and mononuclear inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION: Removal of membranes affecting the macula may be of benefit in selected patients with DUSN.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = inflammation (Clic here for more details about this article) |