1/125. Invasive giant cell astrocytoma of the retina in a patient with tuberous sclerosis.OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of giant cell astrocytoma of the retina. DESIGN: Case report. INTERVENTION: A 10-month-old girl with tuberous sclerosis was found to have bilateral astrocytic hamartomas, the right eye being prominently involved by elevated and pedunculated lesions. At 7 years of age, she had posterior subcapsular cataract, retinal detachment, and subretinal exudation develop in the right eye. At 12 years of age, her blind, painful right eye had to be enucleated because of neovascular glaucoma and a spontaneous scleral perforation. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination showed that the entire vitreous cavity was filled with a mixture of tumor, granulation tissue, and necrotic debris. Part of the tumor was composed of spindle-shaped glial cells. The remainder was composed of large gemistocytic cells that contained large atypical nuclei and copious amounts of cytoplasm, which was intensely eosinophilic in some areas. The tumor contained foci of necrosis and rare mitotic figures. It had infiltrated the parenchyma of the retrolaminar nerve and extended to the surgical margin. Areas of unequivocal choroidal invasion were also identified. The tumor cells were intensely immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein. In contrast, glial fibrillary acidic protein was only minimally positive. CONCLUSIONS: The histologic and immunohistochemical features of this retinal tumor resemble those of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, a characteristic lesion in tuberous sclerosis. Although this unusual giant cell astrocytoma of the retina had atypical histopathologic features and local aggressive behavior, the systemic prognosis was excellent.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/125. Spontaneous pericardial mesothelioma in a rhesus monkey.Spontaneous tumors in nonhuman primates are of great importance. A spontaneous pericardial mesothelioma was observed in an 18-year-old female rhesus monkey. Grossly, the visceral pericardium was multifocally irregular and thickened with tan discoloration and was soft in consistency. Histologically, the pericardium contained highly in-folded branching fronds lined by a single layer of cuboidal cells. Tumor invaded into approximately half of the thickness of the atrial and ventricular muscles. Tumor penetration was not observed into the atrial or ventricular cavity. Within the myocardium, neoplastic cells formed glandular structures which were lined by cuboidal to columnar cells. Neoplastic cells were weakly positive with PAS and strongly positive for colloid iron and alcian blue. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were positive for both vimentin and cytokeratin and negative with CEA and Leu-M1, indicating mesothelial origin. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a spontaneous pericardial mesothelioma in a rhesus monkey.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/125. Extensive destruction of the eyeball by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid.BACKGROUND: Eyeball destruction caused by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. CASE: A 100-year-old woman showed extensive eyeball destruction caused by the invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, including computed tomographic (CT) scans of the orbit, were performed. The patient underwent incisional biopsy and bacteriological examination of the exudate from the lesion. OBSERVATIONS: Orbital CT scan showed a mass in the extraconal space of the right orbit, with extension to the adjacent sinus cavity without brain involvement. The remnant of the eyeball was posteriorly displaced. pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified by culture examination of the exudate. Histological study of the biopsy specimen showed basal cell carcinoma of the noduloulcerative type. CONCLUSIONS: Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid had caused severe periorbital and eyeball destruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/125. Invasion of the lacrimal system by basal cell carcinoma.BACKGROUND: The rate of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the periorbital region is higher than that in other areas because of the spread of the tumor along barrier structures. OBJECTIVE: A better understanding of the biological behavior of BCC in this area, in particular as it relates to the lacrimal system, should improve the outcome of surgery. methods: A study was made of two cases of BCC that developed in the periorbital region and invaded the lacrimal system. RESULTS: The tumors were found to have invaded the lacrimal system along the mucosal epithelium. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not suggest any abnormalities in this area. In one patient, the tumor had infiltrated the nasal cavity without destruction of the periorbital bone and nasal cartilage. A preoperative fiberscopic examination clearly demonstrated the involvement of the nasal cavity in this case. CONCLUSION: The lacrimal system is often invaded by BCC that originates from the periorbital region. physicians and surgeons need to be well aware of the possibility of such aggressive infiltration by BCC.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/125. Endometrial adenocarcinoma with diffused/scattered "intramural" spreads: report of a case and review of the literature.A case is reported of endometrial adenocarcinoma of the uterus in an 85-year-old patient with an unusual spreading pattern. On macroscopic examination, only a tiny exophytic tumor was found in the uterine cavity, while microscopic examination demonstrated a scattered (scirrhous) spread of the carcinoma cells throughout the myometrium. The tumor occupied about half of the upper uterine corpus. The intramural spread of the tumor could not be seen at the time of macroscopic examination of the uterine cut surface. The tumor cells were attached closely to the serosal membrane, and metastasis to the left ovary was found. Intraoperative cytology detected malignant cells in the ascites. We present here this unusual type of endometrial carcinoma and review our previous report which dealt with pure "intramural carcinomas of the uterine corpus".- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/125. A patient with undifferentiated carcinoma of gallbladder presenting with hemobilia.hemobilia is relatively rare among hemorrhages in the digestive tract, and hemobilia caused by tumors of the biliary tract is particularly rare. We treated a 74-year-old-man with undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder presenting with hemobilia. During hospitalization for neurogenic bladder at the Department of urology, he showed progressive anemia. Since hemorrhage in the digestive tract was suspected, endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract was performed, and bleeding from the papilla of Vater was observed. On ultrasound examination, findings were indicative of cholecystic cancer, and hemorrhage from the cystic duct was found on percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy. On perioral cholecystoscopy, however, masses of coagulated blood were found only in the gallbladder. Abnormalities such as dense staining of tumors or extravasation were not found on angiography. The patient died of hepatic failure due to rapid invasion of the liver by the tumor, associated with biliary infection and disseminated intravascular coagulation. At autopsy, a nodal tumor was found in the gallbladder, and the cavity of the gallbladder was filled with coagulated masses of blood. Direct invasion of the tumor to the liver, diaphragm, and transverse colon was found. The histopathological diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma (pleomorphic large-cell type).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/125. Successful resection of intracardiac invasive thymoma with right ventricular inflow tract occlusion.A 72-year-old man presenting with the superior vena cava syndrome and intracardiac mass was admitted to our hospital. The mass was resected and confirmed to be invasive thymoma. Three years later, he was re-admitted with recurrence into the intracardiac space without any changes in the anterior mediastinum mass. The mass occupied the right atrial cavity and protruded into the right ventricle, causing right ventricular inflow tract obstruction. He underwent re-operation and irradiation. His postoperative course was uneventful, and he has remained alive. Invasive thymoma with intracardiac extension is extremely rare.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/125. Invasive verrucous carcinoma: a temporal bone histopathology report.Only nine cases of primary verrucous carcinoma of the temporal bone have been reported in the English literature. We describe histopathologic findings in a 78-year-old man dying of intracranial complications of primary verrucous carcinoma of the external auditory canal. Following autopsy the temporal bone was prepared for light microscopic examination. The temporal bone was serially sectioned horizontally after fixation, decalcification, and embedding, and each 10th section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined by light microscopy. The carcinoma originated from the external auditory canal, infiltrating the mastoid cavity, the middle ear, tissue adjacent to the internal carotid artery, and the posterior cranial fossa, where it invaded the right cerebellum and produced an abscess. The labyrinth and internal auditory canal were not infiltrated. Metastasis to lymph nodes or distant sites was not identified. In the present case, the verrucous carcinoma originating from the external auditory canal extended into the posterior cranial fossa, while it did not invade the membranous labyrinth.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/125. A case report of FSH-producing nasal ectopic pituitary adenoma extending to the frontal cranial fossa.We report the first case of an ectopic pituitary adenoma in the nasal cavity that produced follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). A 60-year-old man complaining of left nasal bleeding had a polypoid tumor in the left nasal cavity. Findings of computed tomographic scanning and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the tumor originated from the olfactory cleft, occupied the nasal cavity, and extended to the frontal cranial fossa. Results of histologic examination suggested ectopic pituitary adenoma. magnetic resonance imaging results showed the pituitary gland to be normal. Electron microscopy findings demonstrated a large number of secretory granules in the tumor cells that were positive for FSH on immunohistochemical analyses. serum gonadotropin levels were normal, and no clinical signs of hypersecretory syndrome were noted. The above findings led us to establish the diagnosis of FSH-producing ectopic pituitary adenoma. The patient underwent craniofacial resection of the tumor followed by an uneventful recovery. The pathologic findings and clinical course of the case were comparable to those of FSH-producing adenomas arising from the pituitary gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/125. Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the oral cavity.Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a neoplasm arising most commonly within the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. Not recognized as a distinct entity until 1983, PLGA was often misdiagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma or pleomorphic adenoma. PLGA is thought to be the second most common salivary gland tumor after mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Affecting individuals later in life, PLGA often presents as a firm, painless nodule that exhibits a locally aggressive, infiltrative pattern. Because of PLGA's slow growth rate and low rate of metastasis, differentiation from other disease entities is crucial for treatment modalities. The study presented here reviews three cases of PLGA, their treatment and follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 19.735425752182keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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