1/146. Acute renal failure in a patient with AIDS: histoplasmosis-induced granulomatous interstitial nephritis.Although the most frequent cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in patients with AIDS is acute tubular necrosis (ATN) secondary to ischemic renal injury from septicemia, a spectrum of causes may result in ARF in these patients. We report a patient with AIDS who developed ARF and was found to have granulomatous interstitial nephritis as a result of disseminated histoplasmosis. histoplasma capsulatum was seen in the interstitium of the kidney on renal biopsy. The patient was treated with amphotericin b and itraconazole. Although he continues to require hemodialysis 3 months after his initial presentation, his other presenting symptoms have resolved with antifungal therapy. We also discuss the literature on disseminated histoplasmosis and renal failure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tubular necrosis, kidney, necrosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/146. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis in extrapulmonary sarcoidosis.sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder in which the lungs or intrathoracic lymph nodes are involved in more than 90% of patients with the disease. It occasionally involves kidneys most commonly due to disordered calcium metabolism. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis is a distinct renal pathology in sarcoidosis. Renal dysfunction due to granulomatous interstitial nephritis is rare. We recently encountered a sarcoidosis patient without hypercalcemia and any evidence of pulmonary involvement which is distinctly unusual.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0071103656091538keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/146. Chronic interstitial nephritis due to 5-aminosalicylic acid.Nephrotoxicity has recently been reported with the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) which has structural similarities to phenacetin and aspirin. The present paper describes 2 cases of interstitial nephritis and 1 case of end-stage failure associated with 5-ASA treatment. The first patient presented with severe renal failure which was partially reversed with 5-ASA discontinuation and steroid therapy. The second had severe renal failure (serum creatinine 469 mmol/l) but renal function stabilized with 5-ASA withdrawal. The third patient had end-stage renal failure and underwent hemodialysis and a successful kidney transplant.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0071103656091538keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/146. Massive T wave changes following a combined kidney and liver transplant in a young female with cirrhosis.We report the case of a young female with PSC-associated cirrhosis and chronic renal failure who developed clinical and electrocardiographic signs consistent with acute myocardial infarction after a combined kidney and liver transplant. Cardiac investigations at that time were negative and she is currently asymptomatic one year post-transplant with resolution of most of her ECG abnormalities. Although the cause of her symptoms and ECG abnormalities is not immediately apparent, this case illustrates the difficulties in interpreting abnormal cardiac investigations in transplanted patients with liver cirrhosis who may have a background of subclinical cardiac disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.035551828045769keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/146. Acute plasmacytic interstitial nephritis in a child with down syndrome.A 7.5-year-old boy with down syndrome presented in acute renal failure (ARF) needing dialysis. When 1.5 years old he had a neuroblastoma, was treated for 1 year with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and off chemotherapy had since been in remission. Renal biopsy revealed an interstitial inflammation, principally of plasma cells with some lymphocytes and eosinophils. Immunofluorescence showed no deposition of immunoglobulins or complement (C3). The plasma cells were a mixture of kappa and lambda light chain-producing cells. The patient spontaneously improved a week after admission. Initial ultrasonography showed enlarged kidneys with loss of corticomedullary differentiation. We are unaware of a report of ARF in a child, resulting primarily from a polyclonal plasmacytic interstitial nephritis. The etiology remains unclear.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0071103656091538keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/146. Sclerosing mesenteritis involving the pancreas: two cases of a rare cause of abdominal mass mimicking malignancy.Two patients presented with abdominal pain and weight loss and each was found to have an abdominal mass involving the pancreas and small bowel mesentery. In both cases a malignant process was suspected clinically, radiologically and surgically. Multiple biopsy specimens in both patients showed dense fibrosis, chronic inflammation and fat necrosis with pancreatic infiltration. Histological opinions included the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal fibrosis but, with the knowledge of the presence of localized masses, these cases were eventually considered to be due to sclerosing mesenteritis. Direct involvement of the pancreas has not previously been highlighted and led to diagnostic difficulty. Both patients have responded to treatment with corticosteroids. Interestingly, one of the patients subsequently developed a tubulo-interstitial nephritis, which has not previously been reported as associated with sclerosing mesenteritis. This has also responded to corticosteroid treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0002608173923703keywords = necrosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/146. Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis in the renal allograft.Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis has rarely been described in renal allografts. Of 1,574 renal allograft tissue specimens obtained from 514 patients in the period 1993 to 1998, we report three cases (0.6%) with interstitial nephritis containing multiple noncaseating granulomas. biopsy specimen 1 was obtained from a 44-year-old woman with a 6-day history of systemic candida albicans infection and showed multiple granulomas containing budding yeasts. biopsy specimen 2 was from a 33-year-old man who presented with miliary spread of mycobacterium tuberculosis 12 days before the allograft biopsy. biopsy specimen 3 was from a 23-year-old woman who presented with escherichia coli urinary infection and bacteremia that was treated with antibiotics for 10 days before the biopsy. Granulomatous inflammation in reponse to infectious agents or drugs in immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients can rarely give rise to allograft interstitial nephritis that is distinct from acute rejection. To our knowledge, there are no prior reports of granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with C albicans and E coli infection or antibiotic therapy in human renal allografts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0071103656091538keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/146. Successful steroid therapy for cefdinir-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with progressive renal failure.A 58-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of renal dysfunction that continued to progress even after withdrawal of cefdinir, the presumed cause of acute renal failure. Renal histologic findings included interstitial fibrosis accompanied by moderate lymphocytic infiltration, and tubular atrophy with reduced numbers of epithelial cells. mesangial cells and glomerular basement membranes were nearly normal. Scintigraphy with 67gallium disclosed diffuse abnormal accumulation in both kidneys. A lymphocyte stimulation test with cefdinir was positive. The patient was diagnosed with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis caused by cefdinir. serum creatinine concentrations continued to rise after withdrawal of the drug, but steroid therapy was effective in normalizing renal function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0071103656091538keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/146. Acute renal failure from hemoglobinuric and interstitial nephritis secondary to iodine and mefenamic acid.mefenamic acid ingestion, usually in excess and over prolonged period is known to produce interstitial nephritis, or less commonly papillary necrosis, with acute renal failure. However, it is not dose-dependent for the induction of tubulointerstitial damage. Excess iodine ingestion is known to produce toxicity and possible death, but acute renal failure is rare. There is evidence from clinical and experimental data that iodine has toxic effect on tubular epithelial cells. iodine has not been documented to produce red cell hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. We present a unique case of acute renal failure from hemoglobinuric and acute interstitial nephritis secondary to suicidal ingestion of potassium iodide solution and also ingestion of a few mefenamic acid tablets. These agents led to potentiation of the renal injury from hemoglobinuric tubulopathy, probably from the iodine, and renal dysfunction from alteration of renal perfusion by selective COX-1 inhibition of prostaglandin production, and induction of acute interstitial nephritis from mefenamic acid, leading to acute renal failure which was reversible by hemodialysis and supportive therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0002608173923703keywords = necrosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/146. adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency and renal allograft dysfunction.adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency is a rarely diagnosed cause of renal allograft dysfunction. We report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented in 1996 with idiopathic renal failure. Native kidney biopsy showed extensive microcrystalline interstitial nephritis. The patient subsequently underwent a living-related kidney transplant with excellent early graft function. During the next year, however, he had worsening allograft function, and allograft biopsy showed recurrent interstitial nephritis. Further chemical and spectroscopic analysis showed this lesion to be an annular microcrystalline nephritis consistent with APRT deficiency. This diagnosis was confirmed on erythrocyte assay. Treatment with allopurinol and a low-purine diet led to improvement and stabilization of renal function. APRT is a rare cause of renal allograft dysfunction requiring a high index of suspicion for early diagnosis and treatment. Increased physician awareness in the united states may hasten diagnosis and limit the morbidity associated with this disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.014220731218308keywords = kidney (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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