1/13. Inflammatory peripheral neuropathy following high dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation.A 40-year-old man with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed severe ascending sensorimotor neuropathy 10 days after treatment with high dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue. The neuropathy had axonal plus demyelinating features on electrophysiological studies. sural nerve biopsy showed heavy infiltration of the epineurium and endoneurium with mononuclear cells. The patient had no other evidence of graft-versus-host disease. He failed to respond to plasmapheresis but responded to high dose steroids.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/13. trigeminal neuralgia in a patient with multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.BACKGROUND: trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing, recurrent pain in the distribution of one or more branches of the fifth cranial nerve. Symptomatic or secondary TN involves TN-like pain that develops owing to a central nervous system lesion (benign or malignant) or to multiple sclerosis (MS). CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a report of a unique case of a 43-year-old patient with unilateral TN, MS and concomitant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The facial pain preceded any other manifestations of the systemic disorders, and only after repeated neurological examinations were these diagnoses established. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and repeated neurological evaluations should be implemented in all patients with TN to rule out the presence of underlying disease. The dental practitioner should be familiar with TN to avoid unnecessary dental interventions and ensure prompt initiation of appropriate treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 365.31987426588keywords = chronic inflammatory demyelinating, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/13. Inflammatory demyelinating lesions in two patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathy and polyneuropathy.We report two patients with polyneuropathy and IgM monoclonal gammopathy in whom peripheral nerve biopsy showed the widening of myelin lamellae which is characteristic of IgM paraproteinaemic neuropathy. Moreover, certain myelinated fibres were invaded by histiocytes overloaded with myelin debris, and in some instances elongated macrophage processes could be seen peeling away the myelin lamellae. The latter ultrastructural features are characteristic of inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies in both human and experimental pathology. Such an association has not been reported to date in human pathology, but could explain the prevalence of inflammatory demyelinating lesions in experimental models of IgM paraproteinaemic neuropathy. These two cases seem to bridge the gap between inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies and polyneuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 70.323175611205keywords = inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/13. Treatment of the neuromuscular complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection.Neuromuscular disorders are increasingly being reported in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. The majority of these disorders resemble diseases occurring in hiv-seronegative patients and include inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies, multiple mononeuropathies, and polymyositis. In hiv-seronegative patients, these diseases are believed to be immune system-mediated. It is likely that similar pathogenic mechanisms are present in hiv-seropositive patients and reflect an altered immune system caused by viral infection and the loss of CD4 cells. Therapy is similar in both seropositive and seronegative patients with inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies, but plasmapheresis is preferred in seropositive patients as it is less likely than corticosteroids to induce further immunosuppression. Distal sensory neuropathy is characteristic in patients infected with hiv, especially those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or aids-related complex, and may be a consequence of hiv infection. Therefore, antiviral agents may have a therapeutic role for this disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 65.323175611205keywords = inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/13. High-dose intravenous human immunoglobulin in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.We treated nine consecutive patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) with high-dose intravenous human immunoglobulin (HIG), and clinical recovery rapidly followed. Disability that had persisted for months or years was often reversed in days. There were no major adverse reactions to HIG infusions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 365.31987426588keywords = chronic inflammatory demyelinating, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/13. Neuritis cordis due to the acute polyneuritis of the guillain-barre syndrome.Three patients with the guillain-barre syndrome which followed the course of Landry's acute ascending paralysis died a sudden cardiac death. Autonomic dysfunction had appeared clinically, consisting of sphincter disturbances in one patient and fluctuating blood pressure and bradycardia in the other. In a twenty-three year old female patient cardiac function had been inconspicuous, apart from tachycardia, but the ECG showed S-T segment depression and flat T waves. Postmortem examination revealed acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis involving the peripheral autonomic nervous system and especially the nerves of the heart. Immunohistochemically, the inflammatory cell infiltrations of this neuritis cordis consisted of macrophages (MAC 387 positive) and T lymphocytes (UCHL1 positive). No indication of a direct viral infection of the inflamed cardiac nerves was detectable by immunohistochemistry (HSV, CMV, influenza virus) nor by electron microscopy. The neuritis cordis was classified as an inflammatory cardio-neuropathy secondary to a patchy acute polyneuritis of the guillain-barre syndrome, involving the autonomic nervous system. myocarditis could be discounted, and the neuritis cordis was thought to be responsible for the sudden cardiac death.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 32.661587805603keywords = inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/13. Multifocal demyelinating neuropathy with persistent conduction block.We describe five patients with a chronic asymmetric sensorimotor neuropathy most pronounced in the upper extremities with focal involvement of individual nerves. diagnosis was established by electrophysiologic evidence of persistent multifocal conduction block. sural nerve biopsy in three patients showed primarily demyelinating-remyelinating changes with varying degrees of fiber loss. Two patients had acute optic neuritis, indicating that the disorder was not always restricted to the peripheral nervous system. Two patients treated with corticosteroids improved, whereas three untreated patients had static deficits or steady progression of symptoms. Chronic multifocal demyelinating neuropathy with persistent conduction block seems to be a variant of chronic acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy and may be immunologically mediated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/13. Late motor involvement in cases presenting as "chronic sensory demyelinating polyneuropathy".Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is usually characterized by prominent motor deficits. A pure sensory presentation, labeled chronic sensory demyelinating neuropathy (CSDN), has been reported, but it is unclear if this neuropathy is a distinct clinical and immunologic entity or merely the sensory presentation of the more usual sensorimotor CIDP. We describe 5 patients with what initially appeared to be CSDN; 3 subsequently developed substantial weakness coincident with the electrophysiologic appearance of multifocal motor conduction block. These cases indicate that, in some cases, CSDN may be a transitional clinical stage of CIDP in which the more usual sensorimotor deficits develop later. Immune-based therapy, including intravenous immunoglobulin, was found to be effective in both the pure sensory and sensorimotor types.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 37.661587805603keywords = inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/13. Nerve root hypertrophy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.A patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and central demyelinating disease is described in whom striking nodular filling defects on multiple lumbar-sacral nerve roots, mimicking neurofibromata, were observed at myelography and magnetic resonance imaging. We suggest that these lesions are secondary to recurrent segmental demyelination and remyelination and that the differential diagnosis of this radiological feature should include CIDP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 366.31987426588keywords = chronic inflammatory demyelinating, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/13. Hypertrophic neuritis due to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP): a postmortem pathological study.A postmortem pathological study of a 65-year-old woman with hypertrophic neuritis associated with hand tremor and limb ataxia is described. There were many onion bulbs and loss of myelinated nerve fibers in the peripheral nerves, including the facial and subserosal visceral nerves. The hypertrophic neuritis was caused by chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (CIDP), in which interstitial amorphous substances in the endoneurium and onion bulb formation might contribute to nerve swelling. We speculate that visceral autonomic nerves as well as somatic peripheral nerves are involved in patients with a long clinical CIDP course and that peripheral nerve pathology in this disorder shows more heterogeneous changes than previously recognized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 365.31987426588keywords = chronic inflammatory demyelinating, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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