1/14. Cerebral and spinal cord involvement resulting from invasive aspergillosis.Although central nervous system involvement in disseminated aspergillosis is known to occur in immunocompromised patients, particularly after bone marrow transplantation, localized involvement of the spinal cord is exceedingly rare. In this report we present and illustrate detailed imaging findings of central nervous system invasion by aspergillus fumigatus in a 30-year-old woman, with emphasis on the spinal cord involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Cerebral aspergillosis in an infant with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Cerebral aspergillosis is a devastating disease in patients with a compromised immune system. A unique case of a male infant with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome complicated by pulmonary and cerebral aspergillosis is described. The patient rapidly developed coma and neurological symptoms and died soon thereafter. Central nervous system aspergillosis was diagnosed radiologically and by detection of Aspergillus dna and antigen (galactomannan) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Moderate immunosuppressive therapy and antifungal phagocytic dysfunction due to nephrotic syndrome per se may have contributed to the occurrence of invasive aspergillosis in our patient. awareness of this serious complication and early application of diagnostic procedures and antifungal therapy may improve the dismal outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.10940921291317keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Intracranial aspergillosis in a non-immunocompromised patient treated for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.We report a case of intracerebral Aspergillosis in a patient undergoing radical cystectomy for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer who did not reveal any deterioration of the immune system. aspergillus fumigatus is an ubiquitously present, airborne fungus that tends to infect the upper respiratory tract. However, the latter was not observed in the patient presented. Complications in the form of an involvement of the central nervous system are very rarely recognized as a result of an Aspergillus infection and primarily occur in patients who are not immunologically competent. To our knowledge, we present the first case of intracerebral invasive Aspergillosis in an otherwise healthy patient diagnosed with an urological malignancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Central nervous system aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient: cure in a hospice setting with very high-dose itraconazole.Aspergillosis of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare condition with exceedingly high mortality. This study describes the case of an immunocompetent 42-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug use and hepatitis c who developed multiple Aspergillus lesions in the cerebellum. Despite neurosurgery and antifungal therapy with amphotericin b, he had a protracted hospital course with multiple complications, eventually developing cognitive and motor impairment due to progressive cerebellar lesions. After transfer to hospice and palliative care service, oral itraconazole was escalated to 1600 mg/day with the hope of palliating headache, nausea, and cognitive impairment. Remarkably, the patient stabilized and improved over time. After 14 months, this unprecedented high-dose regimen was discontinued, and the patient was discharged home with only mild cerebellar motor impairment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.9376368516527keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Central nervous system fungal infection--a report of three cases.Fungal infections of the central nervous system in three apparently immunocompetent patients are being reported. Two cases of cerebral aspergillosis presenting as intracranial granulomas such as rhinocerebral and intracranial forms, and one of cryptococcal meningitis could be successfully diagnosed by newer diagnostic modality such as antigen detection techniques. The case with cryptococcal infection had typical neuroimaging feature which helped to suspect the underlying diagnosis. Aspergillus galactomannan detection in the cerebrospinal fluid helped in the early diagnosis and appropriate therapy of one patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.9376368516527keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Chronic granulomatous disease presenting with disseminated intracranial aspergillosis.We describe an 8-year-old boy who presented with multiple unresectable aspergillus brain abscesses as the initial presentation of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). He failed initial therapy with amphotericin b, but was subsequently salvaged with voriconazole. CGD should be considered in the differential diagnosis for all children presenting with invasive fungal infections, particularly, those involving the central nervous system (CNS). Whereas, optimal pharmacologic therapy is still unknown for CNS aspergillosis, voriconazole may have an advantage due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier and excellent oral absorption and bioavailability.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. Epidural mass due to aspergillus flavus causing spinal cord compression--a case report and brief update.Aspergillus infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is an uncommon disease. Most of the reported cases are of sinocranial spread and cases with contiguous spread to spinal cord from lung and other organs are uncommon. A case of pulmonary aspergillosis with extension to thoracic vertebrae forming a paraspinal mass resulting in neurological deficit due to aspergillus flavus, is reported. The 43 year old patient did not have any obvious predisposing condition. He presented with loss of motor function and succumbed to the infection despite operative intervention and antifungal therapy. A brief update on CNS aspergillosis is presented along with detailed clinical, radiological and laboratory work up of the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Improved survival in central nervous system aspergillosis: a series of immunocompromised children with leukemia undergoing stereotactic resection of aspergillomas. Report of four cases.Central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis remains a daunting diagnosis. This opportunistic mycosis historically carries a mortality rate approaching 100% in immunocompromised patients, with death ensuing within days after the onset of neurological symptoms. From their literature review, the authors concluded that children contracting CNS aspergillosis while undergoing systemic chemotherapy for leukemias represent a particularly unfortunate prognostic group. Antifungal medications prove ineffective for treating CNS aspergillosis in patients immunocompromised because of their chemotherapy regimens. In contrast, withholding chemotherapy to reverse immunosuppression, thereby improving the efficacy of antifungal medications, allows for progression of the primary leukemic disease. The authors present a series of four immunosuppressed patients whose course of treatment for leukemia was complicated by CNS Aspergillus sp. abscesses. Multiple cerebral fungal abscesses developed in two patients and a single cerebral abscess developed in two. All four patients underwent frameless stereotactic resection of the aspergilloma. All children later experienced resolution of their CNS infections and full neurological recovery. At 2- to 4-year follow ups, one patient has died of leukemia and the other three continue to thrive without evidence of recurrent aspergillosis. Given the grave natural history cited in the literature for this disease when medical treatment is instituted alone, the authors stress the crucial role of stereotactic neurosurgery for the intelligent treatment of immunocompromised children suspected of harboring a CNS aspergilloma abscesses. The authors propose that the goal for successful treatment in these patients should be gross-total resection of the abscess, its wall, and its capsule.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.1094092129132keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Conventional and diffusion-weighted MR imaging of cerebral aspergillosis.Central nervous system aspergillosis has increased dramatically in recent years. Most of the cases are immunocompromised patients infected from a primary site, usually the lungs or paranasal sinuses, and the organism may spread to the central nervous system. Different neuroimaging patterns that have been reported vary depending on the immunological status of the patients and on the age of the lesions. Description of typical radiological patterns in cerebral aspergillosis patients may be helpful in establishing early diagnosis and treatment. In this case report, we present magnetic resonance images of cerebral aspergillosis and the contribution of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.60940921291317keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. Cerebellar aspergillosis in an infant: case report.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Intracranial aspergillosis is occasionally seen among immunocompromised patients, the incidence increasing in consequence to large-scale use of chemotherapy against malignancies and immunosuppression after organ transplantation. Immunocompetent patients harboring invasive intracranial fungal infections still remain an elusive diagnosis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 7-month-old immunocompetent infant who developed and harbored cerebellar aspergillosis until 3 years of age is reported. INTERVENTION: Radical surgical resection of posterior fossa mass (aspergilloma) and parenteral administration of amphotericin b led to a successful outcome. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis at both stages of presentation and the possible mode of infection are discussed according to the radiological images. Preoperative diagnosis on the basis of imaging is difficult. The pathogenesis of such an infection remains uncertain. Parenteral amphotericin b, followed by prolonged itraconazole therapy, remains the "gold standard" modality for central nervous system fungal infections in adjunct to aggressive surgical debridement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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