1/181. Clonal expansion of gammadelta-T lymphocytes in an HTLV-I carrier, associated with chronic neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis.We report on an HTLV-I carrier showing clonal proliferation of gammadelta-T lymphocytes associated with chronic neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A 75-year-old Japanese woman had a 20-year history of RA and was found to have neutropenia and lymphocytosis by routine examinations. Her white cell count was 5,800/microl with 89% lymphocytes. The proliferating gammadelta-lymphocytes did not show the typical morphology of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and were positive for CD3, TCRdelta1, and HLA-DR but negative for CD4, CD8, and deltaTCS1. Clonally rearranged TCRgamma-chain (Jgamma) and TCRbeta-chain (Cbeta1) genes were detected by Southern blot analysis. Clonality of these proliferating gammadelta-T cells was confirmed by CDR3 size analysis for the TCRdelta-chain. Anti-HTLV-I antibody was positive and the pX region of HTLV-I proviral dna was detected by PCR analysis, but clonal integration of HTLV-I proviral dna was not detected by Southern blotting analysis. The patient's clinical course has been stable, except for infrequent infectious episodes. The association of HTLV-I/II infection with T-LGL leukemia has been reported by several groups, although most cases exhibit TCRalphabeta type T cells. Analysis of the junctional sequence of TCR on T-LGL leukemia cells may clarify the role of HTLV-I/II infection in clonal T-cell proliferation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/181. bacteremia caused by a novel isolate resembling leptotrichia species in a neutropenic patient.We report a case of leptotrichia species bacteremia in a patient undergoing treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia. Like previously reported leptotrichia species, this is a gram-variable, pleomorphic rod that is catalase negative and utilizes glucose and sucrose. However, it is more fastidious than previously reported isolates of leptotrichia and may represent a novel species.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.59337053086054keywords = leukemia, myelogenous, myelogenous leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/181. Atypical Sweet's syndrome in a neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia, secondary to a RAEB-T, simulating thrombophlebitis.We report a rare case of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia following refractory anemia with excess of blasts transformed (RAEB-T) who presented a clinical picture suggestive of thrombophlebitis. The ultrasonographic procedure and the response to corticosteroid treatment suggest that this condition was compatible with an atypical Sweet's syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5995736922678keywords = leukemia, myeloid leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/181. A case of herpes-like Sweet's syndrome in acute myelogenous leukemia during treatment with G-CSF.A 49-year-old patient with refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is described who developed fever and herpes-like skin lesions during treatment with G-CSF. skin biopsies revealed dermal neutrophilic infiltrates compatible with the diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. The fever and skin lesions disappeared completely after treatment with corticosteroids.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9668526543027keywords = leukemia, myelogenous, myelogenous leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/181. Structural abnormalities in the G-CSF receptor in severe congenital neutropenia.Structural abnormalities in the cytoplasmic region of the G-CSF receptor (G-CSF-R) or defects in signal transduction pathways triggered by the G-CSF-R or both have been implicated in the development of neutropenia and increased prediposition to leukemia in patients with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). To assess the structural integrity of the G-CSF-R in SCN patients, the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions of the G-CSF-R from 5 SCN patients were cloned and sequenced. dna mutations (point, deletion, frame-shift, and silent) were observed in 3 patients. In 2 of these, the dna mutations resulted in altered G-CSF-R protein sequences, including additions of novel C-terminal sequences. Three of the 5 mutant receptor clones lacked 115-121 amino acids in the cytoplasmic region, and 2 showed complete loss of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions. neutrophils from 1 patient expressing these mutant receptors showed normal binding of radiolabeled G-CSF. G-CSF-R in 2 other patients with SCN showed no mutations. Our results indicate that structural abnormalities in the G-CSF-R may be present in some SCN patients. They may not affect the binding of G-CSF to the receptor but may contribute to the pathogenesis of SCN through impaired signal transduction pathways of the mutant G-CSF-R.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/181. typhlitis complicating autologous blood stem cell transplantation for breast cancer.Three cases of typhlitis occurring during autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT) for metastatic breast cancer are described. typhlitis is a rare complication of neutropenia and has uncommonly been reported in the autologous transplant setting. Although it has been most commonly described in children with leukemia, typhlitis has increasingly been reported in adult leukemias and in association with neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy for a number of solid tumors. Only five previous cases of typhlitis in the setting of ABSCT have been described. Whereas diarrhea and fever are common toxicities associated with high-dose chemotherapy, it is likely that many cases of typhlitis go unrecognized. bone marrow transplantation (2000) 25, 321-326.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/181. Severe chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with neutropenia: case reports and literature review.Three cases of life-threatening C. pneumoniae infection in patients with acute leukemia and treatment-induced neutropenia are described. diagnosis was made on the basis of the detection of C. pneumoniae-dna, complemented by serology. The role of the widely distributed respiratory tract pathogen C. pneumoniae in febrile neutropenia is poorly understood, and studies are needed to estimate the frequency of severe pulmonary infection caused by this agent in patients with neutropenia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/181. Disseminated mucormycosis caused by absidia corymbifera leading to cerebral vasculitis.An 18-year-old woman was admitted to hospital because of subcutaneous hematoma and fever of unknown origin. Acute myeloid leukemia was diagnosed and empirical antimicrobial treatment and induction chemotherapy were started. After initial defervescence, fever relapsed 2 days after the onset of neutropenia. The CT scan of the lung was consistent with an invasive fungal infection. Treatment with amphotericin b was started and antimicrobial treatment was continued with liposomal amphotericin b because of an increase in creatinine later. The fever persisted and the patient suddenly developed progressive neurological symptoms. CT scan of the head suggested cerebral infarction and angiography of the extra- and intracranial arteries showed signs of vasculitis. Six days after the onset of neurological symptoms cerebral death was diagnosed. autopsy revealed non-septate, irregularly branched hyphae in various histologic sections including brain. absidia corymbifera could be isolated from lung tissue confirming the diagnosis of disseminated mucormycosis. In this case, angiographic findings suggested severe cerebral vasculitis which was in fact caused by thromboembolic dissemination of fungal hyphae. This case underlines the fact that cerebral symptoms in febrile neutropenic patients are highly indicative for fungal infections of the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.51991473845356keywords = leukemia, myeloid leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/181. Identification of mycobacterium neoaurum isolated from a neutropenic patient with catheter-related bacteremia by 16S rRNA sequencing.A rapidly growing pigmented mycobacterial strain with an ambiguous biochemical profile was isolated from the blood culture taken through the Hickman catheter of a 9-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Whole-cell fatty acid analysis showed that the best match profile was that of mycobacterium aurum, but the similarity index was only 0.217, meaning that there were no good matches between the isolate and the organisms in the database of the Microbial Identification System. The 16S rRNA gene of the mycobacterial strain was amplified, agarose gel purified, and sequenced. There were 44 base differences between the gene sequence of the isolate and that of M. aurum but only one base difference between the sequence of the isolate and that of mycobacterium neoaurum, showing that the isolate was indeed a strain of M. neoaurum by using this "gold standard." This represents the first case of M. neoaurum infection documented by 16S rRNA sequencing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/181. Blastoschizomyces capitatus infection in acute leukemia patients.Blastoschizomyces capitatus (BC), a filamentous fungus of genus Trichosporum, is as an important opportunistic pathogen in the compromised host. Within the past 10 years, 47 cases of BC infection have been published. Most of the patients had acute leukemia (AL) or related disorders and had received chemotherapy treatment. Due to BC's resistance to currently used antifungal agents, this infection represents a therapeutic challenge and serious complication in the treatment of hematology malignancies. Here we report our experience with BC infection in four patients with acute leukemia or related disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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