1/287. ciliary body melanocytoma with anterior segment pigment dispersion and elevated intraocular pressure.PURPOSE: To discuss a case in which melanocytoma of the ciliary body presented with widespread pigment dispersion and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). methods: A 64-year old woman presented with increased IOP and persistent anterior segment inflammation in her right eye. She had undergone a trabeculectomy for uncontrolled IOP before presentation. Slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, and ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a ciliary body mass with extension into the subconjunctiva in addition to widespread pigmentary dispersion in the anterior segment. Enucleation of the right eye was performed for histopathologic evaluation, as a diagnosis of ciliary body melanoma was made on clinical examination. RESULTS: Histopathologic findings were diagnostic of a melanocytoma of the ciliary body with necrosis and focal malignant transformation with extension of melanocytoma cells and melanophages into the subconjunctival space, trabecular meshwork, and anterior chamber angle. CONCLUSION: Melanocytoma of the ciliary body is a rare intraocular tumor that may present with pigment dispersion and secondary elevated IOP. Careful examination of the anterior segment is imperative in such cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/287. Neurocutaneous melanosis presenting with intracranial amelanotic melanoma.We describe imaging findings in a 2-year-old girl with neurocutaneous melanosis and malignant cerebral melanoma. Because the cerebral melanoma in this child was of the amelanotic type, high-signal intensity on unenhanced T1-weighted images was not present. The cutaneous lesions played a crucial role in establishing a correct (presumed) histopathologic diagnosis on the basis of the imaging findings. To our knowledge this is the first report describing an intracranial amelanotic malignant melanoma in association with neurocutaneous melanosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.8607122468416keywords = melanoma, malignant melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/287. Malignant transformation of an optic disk melanocytoma.PURPOSE: To report a case of malignant transformation of an optic disk melanocytoma with a second melanocytoma in the ciliary body. methods: Clinical data including visual acuity, visual fields, color fundus photographs, fluorescein angiogram, and ultrasonogram and histopathologic studies of this case were reviewed. RESULTS: The right eye of a 65-year-old white woman was diagnosed with melanocytoma of the optic nerve. Four years later, the tumor became significantly larger. The best-corrected visual acuity declined from 20/40 to counting fingers and the size of the tumor increased fourfold in 2 years. The right globe was enucleated. Histopathologic studies demonstrated moderately pigmented spindle-B malignant melanoma cells adjacent to and within a population of large, polyhedral, heavily pigmented melanocytoma cells that extended to the lamina cribrosa and optic nerve. There was also a deeply pigmented melanocytoma in the ciliary body. CONCLUSION: This is a rare case of malignant melanoma transformed from an optic disk melanocytoma. Periodic follow-up of the patient with optic disk melanocytoma is necessary.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.7214244936832keywords = melanoma, malignant melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/287. Conjunctival melanocytic nevi of childhood.Two young patients with conjunctival compound nevi are presented to illustrate two types of abnormalities that lead to difficulty in distinction of these nevi from invasive melanomas. In Case 1, inflammation is associated with disruption of the nevus cell architecture and cytologic atypia. In Case 2, the occurrence of a combined nevus (compound and blue nevus types) in the conjunctiva leads to diagnostic problems. Circumscription of the lesions, lack of mitoses in the substantia propria, and lack of pagetoid spread of atypical cells in the adjacent conjunctival epithelium support benign diagnoses in both cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/287. Leptomeningeal melanoma in childhood.BACKGROUND: Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the least common types of childhood cancer, accounting for less than 1% of all pediatric malignancies. Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is a rare phakomatosis consisting of congenital abnormal pigmentation of the skin and meninges. The meningeal lesions are particularly prone to malignant change. methods: The authors describe 5 patients with NCM and 1 with primary leptomeningeal melanoma (LMM) seen at 2 treatment centers in the north of england over a 13-year period (1984-1997). RESULTS: The clinical features, progress, radiological findings, and treatment of these patients are discussed. All six died within eight months of their diagnosis, illustrating the difficulties faced in treating patients with these conditions. The authors reviewed the published literature on NCM, concentrating on the various therapeutic strategies that have been tried. Very little consistency in approach was found. Malignant skin lesions in NCM may be less responsive than primary malignant melanoma, but the small number of patients with primary LMM or brain metastases of MM make comparisons with NCM difficult. The authors' own series illustrates well the piecemeal nature of therapy for patients with these rare conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of incidence of MM melanoma in the U.K. is increasing, and it will represent an increasing proportion of the pediatric oncologist's workload. A consistent approach to the therapy of patients with metastatic MM and NCM is needed if we are to have any hope of offering more than palliative therapy to these children in the future.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.8607122468416keywords = melanoma, malignant melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/287. Combined nevi of the conjunctiva.OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical and histologic features of combined nevi of the conjunctiva, a type of nevus that is not uncommon in the skin but rarely has been reported in the conjunctiva. methods: Conjunctival nevi and melanomas in the files of the University of california at san francisco eye pathology Laboratory from 1984 to 1999 were reviewed for the presence of features of both standard nevocytic nevi and blue nevi. Clinical histories and, when available, clinical photographs were obtained. RESULTS: Thirty combined nevi were discovered between 1984 and 1999. One case before 1984 had been incorrectly diagnosed as a junctional nevus. The dendritic and spindle-shaped blue nevus cells had been overlooked because they were not recognized as distinct from the standard nevocytic nevus cells. The recognition of blue as well as a brown color, a deep as well as a superficial component in the lesion, or a history of pigmentation since birth may help to establish the correct clinical diagnosis and prevent an unnecessarily deep surgical resection. Although growth of the lesion or "satellites" in some may favor a clinical diagnosis of melanoma, no lesions in this series were malignant. CONCLUSION: Despite a paucity of reports of combined nevi of the conjunctiva in the medical literature, this type of nevus, a combination of a nevocytic and a blue nevus, is common and has been overlooked in the past.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/287. Leptomeningeal melanomatosis with multiple cutaneous pigmented nevi: tumor cell proliferation and malignant transformation in an autopsy case.We experienced a rare case of leptomeningeal melanomatosis. The proliferative activity and nuclear accumulation of p53 in this tumor were examined, since the relationship between this tumor type and growth has not yet been elucidated. A 33-year-old Japanese man was shown to have leptomeningeal melanomatosis with multiple cutaneous pigmented nevi. The autopsy findings showed the presence not only of benign diffuse melanosis of the leptomeninges but also of leptomeningeal melanomatosis in the subarachnoid space and brain parenchyma. In the brain parenchyma, the direct invasion of tumor cells from the subarachnoid space and Virchow-Robin spaces filled with melanoma cells were observed. Multiple hemorrhagic areas invaded by melanoma cells were also present. Immunohistochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody to melanoma cells showed positivity in the tumor cells. Proliferation analysis using the MIB-1 antibody demonstrated that the labeling index of tumor cells invading brain parenchyma (2.54%) was higher than that in other lesions of the inner (0.89%) and outer layer (0.76%) of the subarachnoid space. Nuclear accumulation of p53 protein was rarely seen in the tumor cells. We reported a case of leptomeningeal melanomatosis. Higher proliferative activity was found in invading cells of the brain parenchyma. Malignant transformation of the tumor did not appear to be associated with p53 gene mutation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/287. Clinicopathological correlation of pigmented skin lesions using dermoscopy.dermoscopy (dermatoscopy, epiluminescence microscopy) is an additional measure for making the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions more accurate. It enables the clinician to visualize features not discernible by the naked eye. By applying enhanced digital dermoscopy and a standardized gross pathology protocol to pigmented skin lesions, a precise clinicopathological correlation of relevant dermoscopic features can be made. Histological specimens of four pigmented skin lesions (melanoma in situ, Clark's nevus, Reed's nevus, seborrheic keratosis) were processed using a standardized gross pathology protocol and viewed along with the clinical photographs and digital dermoscopic images that were magnified and enhanced to better visualize the corresponding dermoscopic structures. Furthermore, measurements of dermoscopic structures using digital equipment were correlated with histometric findings. Our understanding of dermoscopic features, especially the broadened pigment network - a specific dermoscopic criterion for melanoma - was refined by this detailed case-by-case correlation. In addition, some not yet fully characterized dermoscopic features, such as black lamella, radial streaks, and exophytic papillary structures, were described in detail dermoscopically and histopathologically. Moreover, measurements of these dermoscopic features and the underlying histological structures were found to be similar. Linking dermoscopy more closely with cutaneous pathology may help refine the definitions and diagnostic criteria of pigmented skin lesions for dermatologists as well as dermatopathologists.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/287. Combined nevi of the conjunctiva.PURPOSE: To report the clinical and histologic features of combined nevi of the conjunctiva, a type of nevus that is not uncommon in the skin but has rarely been reported in the conjunctiva. methods: Conjunctival nevi and melanomas from the files of the University of california, san francisco, eye pathology laboratory were reviewed from 1984 to 1999 for the presence of features of both standard nevocytic nevi and blue nevi. Clinical histories and, when available, clinical photographs were obtained. RESULTS: Thirty-one combined nevi were discovered during the 15-year period between 1984 and 1999. One case before 1984 had been incorrectly diagnosed as a junctional nevus. The dendritic and spindle-shaped blue nevus cells had been overlooked because they were not recognized as distinct from the standard nevocytic nevus cells. The recognition of a blue as well as a brown color, a deep as well as a superficial component in the lesion, or a history of pigmentation since birth may help to establish the correct clinical diagnosis and prevent an unnecessarily deep surgical resection. Although growth of the lesion or "satellites" in some patients may favor a clinical diagnosis of melanoma, none of the lesions in this series were malignant. CONCLUSION: Despite a paucity of reports of combined nevi of the conjunctiva in the medical literature, this type of nevus--a combination of a nevocytic and a blue nevus--is common and has been overlooked in the past.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/287. Prepubertal malignant melanoma: report of three cases.Prepubertal malignant melanoma (MM) is an extremely rare tumor. In slovenia, 13 MM cases were registered between 1968 and 1996 by the Cancer Registry of slovenia. The diagnosis of MM was confirmed by histology in 3 children. In 3 other children the lesions initially diagnosed as MM were reclassified as Spitz nevus. In the remaining cases, the slides were not accessible for histological review, and the clinical course of disease corroborated the diagnosis of a benign nevus. In the present report, 3 of 13 cases with histologically confirmed prepubertal MM are described. The difficulties encountered in the diagnosis and management of this rare condition are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9.3035612342079keywords = melanoma, malignant melanoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |