1/4. Atopic dermatitis: a case report and current clinical review of systemic and ocular manifestations.PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis is a relatively common hereditary dermatologic condition. Ocular sequellae are commonly seen in this disorder and may include involvement of both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Clinical symptoms and presentation may vary, as well as visual prognosis. METHOD: A 48-year-old black woman came to us with a sudden exacerbation of atopic disease with ocular complications-most notably, the classic "shield-like" anterior subcapsular cataract seen in patients with this disease. Extensive diagnostic and management considerations specific to this disorder are highlighted. RESULTS: A careful history and clinical examination will help direct appropriate diagnosis and management in this population. Although chronic in nature, acute exacerbations of the disease may require specific management. Proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms, including new aspects of treatment, are discussed. CONCLUSION: Ocular manifestations of atopic disease may be visually debilitating. Therefore, specific consideration relating to clinical course, effective diagnosis, and medical and surgical management of this disorder are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. Neurosensory detachment arising from a fractured inner-limiting membrane secondary to chronically elevated intraocular pressure.Diffuse optic nerve excavation and focal rim loss mimicking an optic pit have never been reported to predispose patients to serous detachments despite their relative frequency among patients with glaucoma. Recent reports of idiopathic macular schisis detachments occurring in the setting of elevated intraocular pressure without evidence of a contributing comorbidity have caused some to speculate that alternative mechanisms exist with the capacity to engender these retinal complications. Experimental simian research has unveiled the capacity of chronically elevated intraocular pressure to yield conduction portals between the posterior hyaloid face and the subretinal space by inducing microscopic fractures in the inner-limiting membrane. To our knowledge, this is the first case report providing objective evidence of an idiopathic neurosensory detachment resulting from a fractured inner-limiting membrane arising in the setting of chronically elevated intraocular pressures. CASE REPORT: A 34-year old black man presented with transient eye pain and fluctuating vision in his left eye with his current spectacle prescription. A 2-year history of right eye blindness from glaucoma was uncovered. Funduscopic evaluation revealed a broad neurosensory detachment in the setting of an excavated optic nerve in the patient's right eye. Optical coherence tomography confirmed the hydrodynamic separation of the sensory retina from the retinal pigmented epithelium and permitted visualization of a fractured inner-limiting membrane with a contiguous communication between the posterior hyaloid face and the subretinal space at the nasal limit of the detachment. fluorescein angiography studies identified the absence of chorioretinal vascular compromise contributing to the minimal expansion of the dye into serous cavity late into the study. No optic pit was discernible using optical coherence tomography imaging or fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSIONS: Although glaucomatous damage of the optic nerve has rarely been shown to predispose an individual to serous complications within the macula, recent reports attest to its pathogenic capacity and propose a theory to explain their infrequent clinical coexistence. This case provides additional support for the mounting evidence to support the role of a compromised inner-limiting membrane in inducing a macular detachment in the setting of chronically elevated intraocular pressure without evidence of preexisting optic pits.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Melanocytoma of the optic disc.A case is reported of an asymptomatic unilateral jet-black mass lesion of the optic nervehead with contiguous iuxtapapillary choroidal pigmentation; unilateral ocular hypertension was present in the affected eye. diagnosis of melanocytoma with contiguous choroidal nevus was made and an 18 month follow-up was performed. The diagnostic work-up and the importance of follow-up of melanocytoma-affected patients are stressed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy associated with retinal arterial macroaneurysm and hypertensive retinopathy.BACKGROUND. Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (IPCV), the posterior uveal bleeding syndrome, and multiple recurrent serosanguineous pigment epithelial detachments in black women are a heterogeneous group of related entities seen in elderly hypertensive females. Similar associations are known for retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM). methods. This report documents the clinical, fluorescein, and indocyanine green videoangiographic findings of two elderly black female hypertensive patients who presented with IPCV, RAM, and hypertensive retinopathy. RESULTS. Clinical, fluorescein, and indocyanine green videoangiographic analysis of these two patients revealed hypertensive retinopathy, RAM, and anomalous polypoidal vascular networks associated with focal "bead-string" constrictions, terminal vascular loops, and polypoidal and pinpoint choroidal nodules. CONCLUSION. Certain subgroups of IPCV and related entities and RAM may be pathophysiologically related as analogous hypertensive insults to the choroidal and retinal vascular beds.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = black (Clic here for more details about this article) |