| ophthalmia neonatorum is defined as conjunctivitis appearing during the first month of life. The differential diagnosis includes chemical, bacterial, viral, and other pathogens, including neisseria gonorrhoeae, herpes simplex, and chlamydia trachomatis. neisseria meningitidis is not commonly specifically included in the differential. ( info) |
| A case of chlamydial ophthalmia neonatorum is presented. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is discussed. ( info) |
| A culture from conjunctivitis occurring in a neonate in association with a recurrent fever yielded a nearly pure growth of Branhamella (Neisseria) catarrhalis. The conjunctivitis was not appreciated and effectively treated until a second hospitalization in the fourth week of life. Partial suppression of symptoms had followed short-term parenteral antibiotic therapy during the first admission. Resolution quickly occurred in response to instillation of sodium sulfacetamide ophthalmic solution. Although B. catarrhalis is considered a non-pathogen, the literature reviewed included a number of diverse infections, but no previous instance of conjunctivitis. The organism's close similarities to neisseria gonorrhoeae necessitate isolation and correct biochemical differentiation. Misdiagnosis of gonococcal conjunctivitis carries obvious social, psychological and medical impact. ( info) |
| A full-term infant was born with a swollen left conjunctival sac. ophthalmia neonatorum developed within 5 d after birth. Examination of the purulent discharge showed Group B streptococcus. The CRP level was found to be elevated and parenteral and topical therapy was started. ophthalmia neonatorum resolved after 7 d of treatment. ( info) |
| neisseria cinerea is an organism that has only recently been implicated as a human pathogen. In this case, N. cinerea was identified as the cause of ophthalmia neonatorum (conjunctivitis) in a 2-day-old girl. ( info) |
6/18. Disseminated neisserial infection in pregnancy: the empress may have a change of clothing. A case of disseminated neisserial disease during pregnancy with good perinatal outcome is presented along with two examples of disseminated N. meningitidis from endocervical site. Upon close review, it is clear that the biological similarities of both N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis may outweigh their differences. The two organisms may behave in clinically indistinguishable fashion and probably justify a more cautious approach to the clinical syndromes we have considered the inviolate domain of the gonococcus. The management of disseminated neisserial disease in pregnancy should include prompt empiric parenteral therapy while aggressive diagnostic confirmation of the organism is pursued. In addition, neonatal conjunctivitis caused by a Gram-negative diplococci should be treated parenterally until clinical response and identity of the organism is confirmed. ( info) |
7/18. Branhamella catarrhalis conjunctivitis. Eleven cases of Branhamella catarrhalis conjunctivitis have been reported. In four recent studies that examine the microbial etiology of ophthalmia neonatorum, B catarrhalis was identified only twice in 1,299 cases. However, diagnosis by Gram stain in some and previous antibiotic therapy in others may have resulted in underdiagnosis of B catarrhalis and inaccurate diagnosis as gonococcal ophthalmia. ( info) |
| neisseria mucosa was isolated in pure culture from a purulent ocular infection of a newborn. The initial Gram-stained smear revealed intracellular gram-negative diplococci. The organism showed resistance to vancomycin, colistin, and trimethoprim in susceptibility testing and grew well on Thayer-Martin medium. ( info) |
| This report describes a neonate delivered by cesarean section who had conjunctivitis due to neisseria gonorrhoeae. Evidence supporting the hypothesis that gonococcal conjunctivitis can be acquired in utero is provided by this case study, which also emphasizes that saline lavage is inappropriate after instillation of AgNO3 into the neonate's eyes. ( info) |
| A 3-week-old infant had neonatal ophthalmia neonatorum, treated in a routine manner which rapidly developed into an advanced case of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. The infant had sudden onset of widespread erythematous and tender areas of skin with subsequent exfoliation of large surface areas. We emphasize the recognition of this syndrome and the understanding that it may rapidly become a serious consequence of staphylococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. We stress the need for initial microbiologic studies and early antibiotic therapy for ophthalmia neonatorum. ( info) |