1/16. Arteriovenous malformation of the mandible: embolization and direct injection therapy.Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the mandible is a rare entity but one that can be potentially fatal as a result of massive hemorrhage. Traditional treatment involved extensive surgical resection of the mandible. With the advent of improved endovascular techniques, interventional radiology is now the best method to control active hemorrhage and ultimately cure these lesions. The authors describe three cases of successfully treated mandibular AVM by percutaneous and/or endovascular techniques.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the tongue.Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is a rare, aggressive malignancy of uncertain histologic origin with a propensity for vascular invasion and distant metastasis. This neoplasm may mimic benign vascular neoplasms or malformations but careful evaluation of the unique imaging features on CT scans, MR images, and angiograms lead to the correct diagnosis. We present a case of alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the tongue and emphasize its radiologic and clinical features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. Three-dimensional volumetric visualization of arteriovenous malformation of the maxilla.The appearance of an arteriovenous malformation is described from images derived from spiral CT and reconstructed in three dimensions using computer graphics. The existence and shape of a vascular malformation is demonstrated using a vascular protocol. This three-dimensional CT technique is an important adjunct to diagnosis using CT, MRI and conventional radiography.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 34.811887412309keywords = arteriovenous malformation, malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Embolization of a life-threatening mandibular vascular malformation by direct percutaneous transmandibular puncture.vascular malformations of the mandible are uncommon, but often present with significant hemorrhage. Transarterial vessel occlusion has become a valuable primary or adjunctive treatment for such lesions, as well as for most other symptomatic congenital and acquired head and neck vascular anomalies. Permanent embolic obliteration of the malformation requires placement of occlusive material directly into the nidus (core) of the lesion. Prohibitively complex proximal vasculature may prevent successful catheter positioning and lead to failure of traditional embolotherapy. Even optimal placement of arterial embolic material may fail to fully obliterate the nidus, allowing eventual restoration of flow to the lesion due to arterial recanalization. Under such circumstances it may be possible to obliterate the malformation and control lesional hemorrhage by occlusion of the malformation or its venous drainage by direct percutaneous mandibular puncture. In our case, multiple transarterial embolizations failed to sufficiently manage a symptomatic vascular malformation. Successful embolotherapy was performed via direct puncture of the venous side of the malformation through the mandibular cortex. venous thrombosis induced concomitant occlusion of abnormal arteriovenous shunts, resulting in long-term control of life-threatening oral hemorrhage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. An alternative approach to maxillofacial arteriovenous malformations with transosseous direct puncture embolization.The management of arteriovenous (AVM) malformations of the jaws is complex and requires an integrated team approach. Subspecialists, such as maxillofacial surgeons, interventional radiologists, and critical care intensivists, are commonly involved in the management of these patients. The current treatment options for maxillofacial AVMs are surgical resection combined with endovascular embolization. Surgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to potential for massive blood loss. In the pediatric population extensive resection of the craniofacial skeleton may be associated with growth disturbance, functional compromise, and cosmetic deformity. We report a novel technique using endovascular embolization via direct transosseous puncture for a high-flow vascular malformation, obviating the need for extensive surgical resection, and review the important clinical aspects of these life-threatening lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 35.011887412309keywords = arteriovenous malformation, malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a congenital disorder characterized by triad of vascular nevi, venous varicosities and hyperplasia of soft and hard tissues in the affected area. This syndrome usually affects the extremities but occasionally can manifest in the craniofacial region, including the oral cavity. We report a case of KTS and discuss the oro-surgical and dental considerations regarding hemorrhagic tendencies caused by the known local anomalies such as vascular malformations associated with this syndrome as well as systemic abnormalities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. vascular malformations of the tongue: MRI findings on three cases.vascular malformations are common lesions accounting for approximately 7% of all benign tumours, the majority of which develop in the head and neck region. Generally, vascular malformations such as lymphangiomas, haemangiomas, and arteriovenous communications in the head and the neck represent only an aesthetic problem. However, when localized in the tongue, these lesions can create clinical problems consisting, in the majority of cases, in spontaneous haemorrhage from the mouth. Although uncommon, progressive asymmetric growth of the tongue (macroglossia) can be also observed. Three consecutive cases of vascular malformations of the tongue have been studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neither contrast medium administration nor angio-MR technique was used. In our experience, MR appears to be the ideal technique to define the site, extension and origin of vascular malformations, due to its ability to depict the typical signal flow voids in the lesions and to differentiate slow-flow lesions from high-flow ones.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. Bilateral arteriovenous malformation of the mandible.Spontaneous bleeding from the molar gingiva may reflect the presence of a life-threatening vascular malformation. Sporadic reports of exsanguinating hemorrhage in the dental literature warn of the dangers of extraction, although deaths from unrecognized lesions or secondary to mandibular fracture still occur. Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) may be either unilateral or, less commonly, bilateral, and should be suspected in individuals with large lower facial hemangiomata. Two cases of near-exsanguinating hemorrhage from bilateral AVMs are discussed with the long-term management over a 3- to 20-year follow-up. The report underscores the failure of therapeutic embolization and the need for computed tomographic scanning as a corollary to angiography. A newer treatment with direct removal of the AVM and obliteration methods solves the hemorrhagic complications, reduces the potential for steal syndromes, and reduces the potential for recurrence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 28.089509929847keywords = arteriovenous malformation, malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Management of a vascular malformation of the face using total circulatory arrest.An instance of progressive vascular malformation is presented to illustrate the use of total circulatory arrest and to highlight the need for an understanding of the biologic factors of such lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. Fatality from central hemangioma of the mandible.Fatalities from central hemangiomas, including a new case, are reviewed. The importance of a thorough examination of young patients with suspicious gingival bleeding and mobile teeth before extraction is emphasized. The nature of the lesion and the methods of treatment are discussed. In the case reported, there were arteriovenous malformations in the soft tissues surrounding the mandible and a seemingly separate central mandibular lesion. The latter showed rapid growth throughout the mandible, ending fatally after spontaneous bleeding and extraction of the mandibular third molar. During the preceding three years, bilateral external carotid ligation had been performed and numerous conservative measures had been taken, including corticosteroid therapy, injections of Sotradecol, and telecobalt irradiation, all with little benefit.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.9223774824618keywords = arteriovenous malformation, malformation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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