1/208. Ancient schwannoma of the orbit.The ancient schwannoma is a rare variant of a neurilemoma with a course typical of a slow-growing benign neoplasm. Histologically, it can be confused with a malignant mesenchymal tumor because of increased cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, and hyperchromatism. Despite the degree of nuclear atypia, mitotic figures are absent. We describe the clinical and histopathologic features of an ancient schwannoma of the orbit.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/208. Surgical management of lesions affecting the anterior optic pathways.Although benign neoplasms are the most common lesions of the anterior visual pathways that lend themselves to a combined neurosurgical and ophthalmic surgical treatment, malignant neoplasms, infections (especially fungal), and vascular lesions are also sometimes treated via a combined approach. Recent advances in the field of skull base surgery have made it possible to treat complicated lesions in precarious locations with increasing margins of safety and decreasing morbidity. The role of the neurosurgeon in managing selected patients with lesions of the anterior a visual pathway should not be underestimated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/208. Immunohistochemical examination of an orbital alveolar soft part sarcoma.BACKGROUND: A 32 year-old male patient had a 6-week history of left-sided proptosis. Computer tomography revealed a 16x15x15 mm smooth and well-defined mass between the optic nerve and the medial and superior rectus muscles in the left orbit. methods: The tumour was excised via a cranio-medial orbitotomy approach. RESULTS: Histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy findings were consistent with an alveolar soft part sarcoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive immunoreactivity for neuronespecific enolase, vimentin, p53 (30%), p21 (10%) and cyclin d1 (20%), and negative immunoreactivity for CD45, cytokeratins, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, synaptophysin, chromogranin, calcitonin, serotonin, thyreoglobulin, desmin, myosin, actin, HMB-45, pRB, p16 and BCL-2. The growth fraction of the tumour cells was 3%. At examination 4 years after surgical excision, there was no evidence of local recurrence or for metastases. CONCLUSION: Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the orbit is a rare malignant tumour best controlled by surgery. The unpredictable behaviour of these neoplasms, however, indicates the need for long-term follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/208. Removal of orbital apex hemangioma using new transorbital craniotomy through suprabrow approach.PURPOSE: To describe a technique combining the expertise of the oculoplastic orbital surgeon and the neurosurgeon which allows access to the posterior orbit, anterior fossa, cavernous sinus and suprasellar region with minimal brain manipulation. methods: A transorbital craniotomy through a suprabrow incision is performed removing part of the frontal bone and orbital roof as a single piece. This allows wide access with only minimal, if any, brain retraction. The superior, lateral and medial orbit is clearly visualized, as well as the apex of the orbit. The bone flap is replaced at the end of the case with tantalum plates. RESULTS: A cavernous hemangioma at the orbital apex was removed without complications. The exposure was superb and allowed identification and preservation of orbital structures. CONCLUSIONS: Transorbital craniotomy allows for wide access to the posterior orbit and parasellar region and anterior fossa of the brain with minimal brain manipulation. The use of a suprabrow incision results in an excellent cosmetic result. There is minimal postoperative morbidity, which decreases hospitalization time.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0062614338767706keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/208. Fatal cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with extension through the maxillary sinus and orbit into the brain.Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas may cause death by metastasis or by local extension. We describe a deeply invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma that caused death by direct extension into the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0078267923459633keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/208. Extensive destruction of the eyeball by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid.BACKGROUND: Eyeball destruction caused by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. CASE: A 100-year-old woman showed extensive eyeball destruction caused by the invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, including computed tomographic (CT) scans of the orbit, were performed. The patient underwent incisional biopsy and bacteriological examination of the exudate from the lesion. OBSERVATIONS: Orbital CT scan showed a mass in the extraconal space of the right orbit, with extension to the adjacent sinus cavity without brain involvement. The remnant of the eyeball was posteriorly displaced. pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified by culture examination of the exudate. Histological study of the biopsy specimen showed basal cell carcinoma of the noduloulcerative type. CONCLUSIONS: Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid had caused severe periorbital and eyeball destruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0015653584691927keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/208. Implant brachytherapy: a novel treatment for recurrent orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.BACKGROUND: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of the orbit in childhood. Tumor resection and exenteration were the preferred treatment modalities for rhabdomyosarcoma. In the past 20 years, however, combined local radiation and systemic chemotherapy have shown excellent survival results. Tumor recurrence after any of the aforementioned therapies is almost always fatal. We have developed a novel treatment for recurrent disease that has resulted in long-term survival for three patients. methods: Three patients with recurrent orbital rhabdomyosarcoma were previously treated with primary radiation and chemotherapy. At the time of recurrence, exenteration and localized brachytherapy were performed. An individually molded poly(methylmethacrylate) (Lucite; E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.) device loaded with radioactive iodine seeds delivered localized high-dose radiation, 6000 cGy over 6 days, to the orbit without irradiating the brain. RESULTS: All patients are alive and free of disease with follow-up ranging from 4 years and 4 months to 8 years and 4 months. CONCLUSION: A novel technique of delivering localized radiation to the orbit of three children with recurrent orbital rhabdomyosarcoma appears curative.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0015653584691927keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/208. Frontal intraosseous cryptic hemangioma presenting with supraorbital neuralgia.Primary intraosseous cranial hemangiomas are rare benign tumors comprising 0.2% of all osseous neoplasms. Symptomatic cranial cryptic hemangiomas are extremely rare. We report the case of a 43-year-old man with a cryptic hemangioma of the superior orbital rim. Radiological investigations revealed it to be an intraosseous cryptic mass which was totally excised and the supraorbital nerve was decompressed, relieving the patient of his symptoms. Histopathology showed features of an intraosseous hemangioma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/208. Orbital ganglioglioma arising from ectopic neural tissue.PURPOSE: To report a case of neonatal orbital ganglioglioma originating from ectopic neural tissue. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: An African-American male presented at birth with proptosis and expansion of the left orbit. A discrete soft-tissue mass was located inferolateral to the globe, which proved to be a ganglioglioma. CONCLUSION: The tumor is presumed to have originated from ectopic neural tissue in the orbit. Although infrequent, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of neonatal orbital neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/208. Nonocular cancer in retinoblastoma survivors.From a review of the records of 2,302 patients with retinoblastoma collated from CPMC and AFIP, it was found that retinoblastoma patients who survived their original eye cancer have a high incidence of second nonocular malignancies. The second neoplasms occur almost exclusively (97.5%) in patients who have had bilateral retinoblastoma, although retinoblastoma is much more commonly unilateral. The second neoplasms have appeared between 1 and 42 years after the successful treatment of retinoblastoma and have been fatal in approximately 85% of cases. Seventy-one percent of patients develop tumors in the field of the radiation beam; many of these were following treatment with low doses of radiation and after short latent periods. Nineteen percent of patients develop tumors clearly out of the field of radiation (eg, osteogenic sarcoma of the femur). retinoblastoma patients appear to be unusually radio-sensitive to low doses of radiation and develop tumors in the field of radiation following treatment of 3,500 rads. They have a high incidence of nonocular tumors clearly distant from the radiation beam develop nonocular malignancies even if no radiation has been given. The incidence of multiple malignancies in patients successfully treated for retinoblastoma appears to be higher than for any other primary malignancy whether they receive radiation or not.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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