1/2. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in vitamin d-resistant rickets: case report and review of the literature.STUDY DESIGN: A case report of cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a patient with vitamin d-resistant rickets is presented together with a review of literature. OBJECTIVE: To report the diagnosis of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a white woman with vitamin d-resistant rickets. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The association between ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and untreated vitamin d-resistant rickets has been reported in japan, but infrequently in white populations. In whites, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament is closely associated with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. A clear association between ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and vitamin d-resistant rickets in white populations has not yet been established. methods: The medical record and imaging studies of a patient treated at the authors' institution for cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the setting of treated vitamin d-resistant rickets were reviewed. A medline search of the medical literature between 1966-1999 was performed to identify pertinent studies and similar case reports. RESULTS: The occurrence of spinal stenosis in untreated adults with vitamin d-resistant rickets has been reported in all regions of the spine in Japanese patients. The association between ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and untreated vitamin d-resistant rickets was first reported in japan, where ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament is endemic. This association may be incidental, because reports on ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in whites are not as frequent as in Japanese, reflecting the higher prevalence of this condition in japan. CONCLUSION: Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament associated with deranged calcium or phosphate metabolism may be different pathologic entities sharing a common outcome. Adequate treatment of vitamin d-resistant rickets may not always prevent or reverse ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rickets (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/2. Cervical spinal cord compression attributable to a calcified intervertebral disc in a patient with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets: case report and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is a common inherited phosphate-wasting disorder, but it is a rare cause of spinal cord compression. We present the first reported case of a calcified intervertebral disc causing spinal canal stenosis in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 44-year-old woman presented with paresthesia of her left arm and a loss of grip in both hands. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a calcified intervertebral disc, as well as a posterior osteophytic bar causing marked cervical cord compression at C6/C7. INTERVENTION: An anterior cervical discectomy at C6/C7 and fusion with autologous bone graft were performed. The patient then exhibited significant improvement. CONCLUSION: A review of the 16 published cases demonstrates that thickening of the vertebral laminae, facet joint hypertrophy, and ossification of the intervertebral discs, posterior longitudinal ligament, and/or ligamentum flavum contribute to spinal canal stenosis in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Those changes are caused by the disease itself and are unlikely to be related to long-term vitamin d treatment. Eleven of 16 patients were reported to have experienced favorable outcomes after surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11.404277058191keywords = hypophosphatemic, rickets (Clic here for more details about this article) |