1/72. Fracture of the femoral component associated with polyethylene wear and osteolysis after total knee arthroplasty.Fracture of the femoral component associated with polyethylene wear and osteolysis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not been well reported before. A 63-year-old man with osteoarthritis of the right knee underwent TKA with a New Jersey LCS knee, with cementing on the tibia and patella but not on the femoral component. After 42 months, in addition to wearing of polyethylene of the tibia and patella, severe osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle was noted. osteonecrosis caused loss of osseous support of the medial flange of the femoral component, and the bone ingrowth of the central and lateral flange to the distal femur was so good that it overcame the yield stress of the metal of the femoral component and caused fracture of the femoral component. The osteolytic area was filled with autogenous iliac bone, and a new femoral component was inserted and cemented. The patient's condition became satisfactory with relief of pain. Although uncommon, fracture of the femoral component does occur associated with polyethylene wear and osteolysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/72. Severe osteoporosis in familial hajdu-cheney syndrome: progression of acro-osteolysis and osteoporosis during long-term follow-up.hajdu-cheney syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited osteodysplastic bone disease with the hallmarks of acro-osteolysis, skull deformations, and generalized osteoporosis. Very few patients have been followed long-term with respect to the prognosis of acro-osteolysis and osteoporosis. Here we describe a 39-year-old woman and her 19-year-old daughter who are both affected with the hajdu-cheney syndrome. Skeletal lesions were followed in the mother between the ages of 22 and 39 years. The acro-osteolytic lesions progressed markedly and caused shortening of several fingers; some end phalanges had completely disappeared. Severe spinal osteoporosis with serial vertebral fractures was found at the age of 22 years. New vertebral fractures developed until the age of 33 years, but did not progress afterward. High turnover osteoporosis was found in the bone histology of iliac crest biopsies performed at the ages of 22 and 34 years. Bone mineral content (BMC) was strikingly decreased at the age of 34 years (T score -5.1 SD) and did not significantly change during further follow-up. In the daughter, BMC failed to increase between the ages of 12 and 19 years and was also markedly decreased (T score -4.4 SD). This suggests that osteoporosis in hajdu-cheney syndrome is related to a low peak bone mass and a high bone turnover, leading to insufficient bone formation compared with the increased bone resorption.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/72. Acute periprosthetic fracture of the acetabulum associated with osteolytic pelvic lesions: a report of 3 cases.Three cases of acute acetabular fracture around uncemented porous-coated acetabular components associated with osteolytic lesions of the pelvis are reported. In each case, the fracture occurred through an area of severe osteolysis that contributed to the structural failure of the pelvis. None of the fractures were associated with significant trauma, and none of the implants demonstrated evidence of loosening before the fracture. When marked pelvic osteolysis develops around the acetabular component of a total hip arthroplasty, the possibility of pelvic fracture must be considered. Total hip arthroplasty patients with osteolysis should be followed with radiographs at regular and frequent intervals. When osteolysis progresses, early intervention should be strongly considered because appropriate treatment may prevent fracture occurrence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/72. Osteolysis of the pelvis presenting as insufficiency fracture in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.Physician awareness of the risk of osteoporosis and subsequent fractures in a patient with a history of long-term steroid treatment is high. The tendency to assume that a fracture is owing to steroid-induced osteoporosis may result in an unnecessarily intense antiresorptive treatment regimen for a patient who may not have osteoporosis. I report here about a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who presented with bone fracture despite antiresorptive therapy and without evidence of osteoporosis by bone mineral density testing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/72. cementoplasty and the oncologic population.The first and only description of percutaneous cementoplasty, to date, has been described in the French medical literature in 1994. In this series of 12 cases, radiologists successfully instilled a cement derivative into the acetabulum under fluoroscopic control. As in these cases, the major indication for cementoplasty is to provide pain control and stabilization of an osteolytic lesion. Potential complications include physical or thermal damage to the adjacent neurovascular structures, either during needle positioning or from cement leakage, respectively. Although no absolute contraindications exist, one should proceed cautiously in patients with coagulopathies. Results may be suboptimal as well in patients with pathologic fractures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/72. Massive osteolysis of the humerus with spontaneous recovery.An elderly woman presented with a pathological fracture of the right humerus. Progressive dissolution of the shaft of this bone took place over six months. No cause could be established and the patient refused biopsy. With only simple splintage for treatment the humeral shaft gradually reformed and re-ossified over a period of two years. The patient has been under review for four and a half years and no further pathology has come to light. The cause of the osteolysis remains obscure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/72. eosinophilic granuloma masquerading as fracture of the orbital roof: case report.Orbital involvement of eosinophilic granuloma accounts for less than 1% of all orbital tumors. The most common presenting sign of eosinophilic granuloma is bilateral or unilateral proptosis; rarely, neural parenchyma involvement is observed. This article features a case report of a 16-year-old male patient who presented to the authors after minor trauma that simulated a fracture near the orbital apex. The authors conclude that the diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma should be considered if there is unusual location of apparent "fracture," a mass in the region of the fracture, lysis of bone, and recurrence of inflammation after the initial injury has subsided. Timely intervention with appropriate excision, histologic confirmation, and reconstruction with proper follow-up are the cornerstones of therapy for this rare disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/72. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of a case of hiv-associated anaplastic myeloma.plasma cell neoplasia occurs much less frequently than high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma in hiv-infected patients, but is nevertheless an AIDS-associated malignancy. In this report, we describe the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings of a mass in the left parotid region with plasmablastic features that occurred in a 41-yr-old hiv-infected homosexual man whom we diagnosed as having anaplastic myeloma. The patient had normochromic, normocytic anemia with a hematocrit of 21%, a white blood count of 2.2 x 10(9)/l with 76% neutrophils, and a CD4 count of 31%. He also had elevated levels of calcium (13.2 mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase (25,400 IU/l), blood urea nitrogen (2,600 mg/dl), and creatinine (2.5 mg/dl). serum protein electrophoresis showed polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia without any monoclonal component. A bone survey revealed multiple punched-out lytic lesions. FNA smears showed large plasmacytoid cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate amounts of basophilic cytoplasm. By immunocytochemical staining, tumor cells were negative for CD19, CD20, and leukocyte-common antigen (LCA), but strongly positive for CD38 and kappa light chain. Anaplastic myeloma and plasmablastic lymphoma were considered in the differential diagnosis. Although the cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic findings of our case overlapped with those of plasmablastic lymphoma, the pattern of bone involvement with punched-out lytic lesions and absence of localization of the tumor to the mucosa of the oral cavity led us to a diagnosis of anaplastic myeloma. The patient initially received antiretroviral therapy followed by thalidomide and pulse dexamethasome therapy, but his response was poor. His hiv load increased, and his malignancy rapidly progressed with the development of multiple vertebral lesions, extraosseous extension, and eventually cord compression. He died of the disease less than 2 mo after presentation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.013143412487833keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/72. Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with bone metastasis.Bone metastasis is an unusual complication of hepatocellular carcinoma. We report here 2 cases of patients with bone metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma at presentation. Patient No. 1 with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma was admitted with a bone metastasis in the rib. The patient was treated with hepatic arterial chemotherapy and rib resection. Patient No.2 was known to have an asymptomatic liver mass of uncertain histology for a year when he presented with back pain. Because of signs of spinal compression, laminectomy was performed, and the diagnosis of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma was established. The presence of bone metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma at presentation is extremely rare. More frequently, bone lesions are observed after successful treatment of the primary liver tumor. Both surgery and radiotherapy are used as palliative treatment in bone metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma. The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with bone metastasis by bone resection and intraarterial chemotherapy seems to be of limited impact on patient survival because of dissemination of micrometastases in other organs and the frequent presence of other comorbid conditions. However, effective palliation using this multimodality approach is feasible. Hepatocellular carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bone metastases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.013143412487833keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/72. Percutaneous vertebroplasty in the management of a patient with malignant pain and associated osteolytic compression fractures.Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that is effective in the treatment of pain resulting from pathologic compression fractures, osteolytic bone metastases from solid tumors, myeloma, vertebral hemangioma, and osteoporotic compression fractures. A discussion of a patient with severe, aggressive metastatic breast cancer to the spine with compression and osteolysis of multiple lumbar vertebral bodies is presented. Despite treatment with opiates, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and the implantation of a morphine pump, her pain was not adequately treated until she underwent multilevel vertebroplasty. The clinical and technical application of vertebroplasty in the context of the management of vertebral pain of malignant origin is presented as an integral part of multidisciplinary pain management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0920038874148keywords = fracture, compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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