1/49. Osteolytic extra-axial sacral myxopapillary ependymoma.The authors report an unusual case of sacral osteolytic myxopapillary ependymoma treated with curettage and radiotherapy. There is no evidence of recurrence 8 years after treatment. A review of the literature is presented on sacral ependymomas presenting with an osteolytic radiographic appearance (24 cases in 18 reports). The differential diagnosis with other sacral neoplasms is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/49. Case report: natural development of osteosarcoma from precancerous lesion.We encountered a very rare case that suggested the natural development of osteosarcoma from a precancerous lesion. The patient presented with a huge osteosarcoma in the distal femur on the initial consultation to our hospital. He had undergone X-ray examination twice previously, due to a knee injury. The findings of the lesion detected by the first X-ray examination were similar to a fibrous cortical defect (FCD), differing from those of an osteosarcoma lesion detected by second and last X-ray examinations. We retrospectively estimated the growth rate of the FCD-like and osteosarcoma lesions and found that FCD-like lesion was not osteosarcoma, but might have been a precancerous lesion. We also speculated that this osteosarcoma lesion might have appeared 18 months before the patient consulted our hospital.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.2035783175818keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/49. Mesenteric venous thrombosis attributed to docetaxel.We present a case of a 57-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer unresponsive to several chemotherapeutic and hormonal regimens. Because of progressive pulmonary metastases and a painful osteolytic metastasis in the sternum, treatment with docetaxel was initiated. She developed mesenteric venous thrombosis within 1 week after the first dose of docetaxel. Although docetaxel may be regarded as an important advancement in the chemotherapeutic treatment of several cancers, ongoing and future trials must assess its position in the standard chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. Well-documented adverse reactions, either common or rare, may contribute to a balanced risk-benefit profile of docetaxel.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1017891587909keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/49. Late recurrence of small-cell lung cancer: a case report.A 67-year-old man was admitted with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The patient was given four courses of platinum-containing chemotherapy followed by chest irradiation, and good partial response (PR) was obtained. The patient did well for 4 years, until he sought treatment for a painful subcutaneous tumor. Chest computed tomography scan revealed the mass extending from the tumor in lung parenchyma with osteolytic lesion of the third rib bone. Pathologic examination of the subcutaneous lesion revealed SCLC. The patient was given two courses of the same combination chemotherapy administered as initial therapy. Regression of the mass was observed, and the response was evaluated as a good PR. How to approach late recurrence of SCLC is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8363152646515keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/49. Stress-induced osteolysis of distal clavicle: imaging patterns and treatment using CT-guided injection.osteolysis of distal clavicle (ODC) may occur in patients who experience repeated stress or microtrauma to the shoulder. This entity has clinical and radiological findings similar to post-traumatic ODC. We describe a case of successful treatment of stress-induced ODC with CT-guided injection of corticosteroid and anesthetic drug into the acromioclavicular joint.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 97.559816939661keywords = post-traumatic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/49. Extensive osteolytic cystlike area associated with polyethylene wear debris adjacent to an aseptic, stable, uncemented unicompartmental knee prosthesis: case report.We present the case of a patient who after uncemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty developed a large osteolytic cystlike area in the lateral aspect of the tibial metaphysis, contralateral to a well-fixed tibial component at revision surgery. The lesion contained fibrotic soft tissue, evidence of a foreign-body giant cell reaction and polyethylene particles, but no metal wear debris, infection, or malignancy. This case demonstrates that there is a direct communication between the joint cavity and the cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0305520316343keywords = malignancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/49. The multicentric epitheloid hemangioendothelioma of bone: a case example and review of the literature.Epitheloid hemangioendothelioma of bone is a rare primary bone malignancy. diagnosis can be difficult for physicians who are not experienced with bone neoplasms. We also had difficulties in diagnosis and treatment in one of our patients with a multicentric epitheloid hemangioendothelioma involving the pelvis, left femur, and left tibia. We recommend a complete skeletal survey with magnetic resonance imaging because it can reveal previously undetected lesions on conventional radiographs. We performed an extraarticular resection of the hip joint including the spina iliaca anterior inferior, resection of the femur, and amputation of the lower leg. The femur was replaced by a modular endoprosthesis. The patient is provided with an above-knee prosthesis and is able to walk even longer distances with a cane 2 years after surgery. In our opinion it is necessary to perform a wide resection of this tumour in order to treat a patient with curative intention. Palliative radiotherapy should only be used for a non-resectable tumour or in metastatic disease. Chemotherapy is not a treatment option.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0305520316343keywords = malignancy, neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/49. Bones, groans and blasts.A 14-year-old girl presented with the acute onset of gastrointestinal symptoms due to hypercalcaemia. Chest X-ray revealed osteolytic lesions in the ribs which in conjunction with a normal parathyroid hormone level raised the possibility of malignancy. Despite the absence of blast cells in her blood film, the bone marrow biopsy was diagnostic of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. She responded well to treatment with pamidronate and chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0305520316343keywords = malignancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/49. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of a case of hiv-associated anaplastic myeloma.plasma cell neoplasia occurs much less frequently than high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma in hiv-infected patients, but is nevertheless an AIDS-associated malignancy. In this report, we describe the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings of a mass in the left parotid region with plasmablastic features that occurred in a 41-yr-old hiv-infected homosexual man whom we diagnosed as having anaplastic myeloma. The patient had normochromic, normocytic anemia with a hematocrit of 21%, a white blood count of 2.2 x 10(9)/l with 76% neutrophils, and a CD4 count of 31%. He also had elevated levels of calcium (13.2 mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase (25,400 IU/l), blood urea nitrogen (2,600 mg/dl), and creatinine (2.5 mg/dl). serum protein electrophoresis showed polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia without any monoclonal component. A bone survey revealed multiple punched-out lytic lesions. FNA smears showed large plasmacytoid cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate amounts of basophilic cytoplasm. By immunocytochemical staining, tumor cells were negative for CD19, CD20, and leukocyte-common antigen (LCA), but strongly positive for CD38 and kappa light chain. Anaplastic myeloma and plasmablastic lymphoma were considered in the differential diagnosis. Although the cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic findings of our case overlapped with those of plasmablastic lymphoma, the pattern of bone involvement with punched-out lytic lesions and absence of localization of the tumor to the mucosa of the oral cavity led us to a diagnosis of anaplastic myeloma. The patient initially received antiretroviral therapy followed by thalidomide and pulse dexamethasome therapy, but his response was poor. His hiv load increased, and his malignancy rapidly progressed with the development of multiple vertebral lesions, extraosseous extension, and eventually cord compression. He died of the disease less than 2 mo after presentation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0611040632686keywords = malignancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/49. Intralesional topotecan in advanced ovarian cancer: a clinical report, based on a preclinical study.The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of ovarian cancer to intralesionally administered topotecan. Preliminary experiments were carried out in nude mice subcutaneously grafted with three different human ovarian carcinoma cells (A2780, IGROV/DDP and SKOV-3). topotecan was administered intravenously (i.v.: 10-15 mg/kg every 4th day for 4 times) or intralesionally (i.t.: single dose of 15-20 mg/kg) and tumor size changes/drug toxicity were evaluated. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the three tumor models was different (rank: A2780 > IGROV/DDP > SKOV-3) but, for each tumor line, the pattern of response was similar after i.v. and i.t. administration. No local toxicity was detected, but appreciable systemic toxicity (animal death rate) was observed in spite of the use of a single i.t. dose. The effects of intralesional topotecan administration were then assessed in a patient with an advanced, epithelial ovarian tumor (endometroid type, poorly differentiated histologic grade), already treated with cisplatin and paclitaxel. The treatment (7.5 mg/m(2)) was repeated three times and, although drug plasma levels were in the range generally reported following i.v. administration and typical systemic toxicity occurred, no tumor regression was observed and the patient died 14 months later. We conclude that the intralesional drug delivery is effective to achieve a rapid tumor shrinkage in large tumor lesions, but in the presence of drug resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, intratumor drug administration can not be recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8363152646515keywords = cancer (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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