1/8. Otolaryngological complications of osteopetrosis.osteopetrosis is a rare inherited bone disease that affects both humans and various mammals. The authors report on two cases of osteopetrosis with otolaryngological complications. One patient had the childhood form and presented with chronic otitis media and brain abscess. The second patient had the adult form and presented with sinusitis from tooth extraction which developed into chronic osteomyelitis of the maxillary bone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract. Selected cases emphasizing diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties.BACKGROUND: sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT) is a frequently overlooked and inadequately treated complication of sarcoidosis. AIM: The aim of this descriptive study is to present selected cases of sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract depicting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. methods AND RESULTS: Five selected patients who either had an unusual initial presentation or an unusual clinical course were included if they also had long follow up. The diagnosis of SURT was based on the conventional criteria including histological evidence and appropriate microbiological studies. CONCLUSION: These case studies underline problems that may arise when SURT is not recognized early and appropriate and adequate treatment is delayed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4106.5601965469keywords = upper respiratory tract, respiratory tract, tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. The management of otolaryngological problems in the mucopolysaccharidoses: a retrospective review.The mucopolysaccharidoses are rare, genetically transmitted metabolic disorders that affect children early in life. These potentially life-threatening diseases almost invariably involve the auditory apparatus and the upper respiratory tract. Thus, the otolaryngologist is frequently involved in the care of these patients. This paper presents a 10-year retrospective review of the management of these patients at the Hospital for Sick Children. Data concerning auditory and upper respiratory pathology are presented. Results indicate that persistent serous otitis, sensorineural hearing loss, and upper respiratory obstruction leading to sleep apnea, are frequent findings in these patients. Specific recommendations are made with regard to appropriate otolaryngologic intervention in children affected with these diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 684.94885293865keywords = upper respiratory tract, respiratory tract, tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Iatrogenic subcutaneous cervicofacial and mediastinal emphysema.subcutaneous emphysema of the head, neck and mediastinum occurs with a variety of disease processes. Most cases involve the passive escape of air from the aerodigestive tract into subcutaneous tissues. The many causes include head and neck surgical procedures, tracheal and esophageal trauma, intraoral trauma, foreign bodies and neoplasms of the aerodigestive tract, and pulmonary barotrauma from mechanical ventilation or in patients with pulmonary disorders. subcutaneous emphysema secondary to active injection of air has recently been reported following certain dental procedures. An interesting case of diffuse cervicofacial and mediastinal emphysema following a difficult extraction of an infected lower molar tooth with a high-pressure air drill is presented. The patient required airway observation and high-dose antibiotic therapy. Early recognition of this unique problem is essential in preventing such life-threatening complications as airway obstruction, mediastinitis, deep neck infection, and cardiac failure. Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations are included.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Severe otolaryngologic manifestations of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by multiple fixed-joint deformities of the upper and lower extremities. Those afflicted with the more common neurogenic form of AMC can have otolaryngologic manifestations. Here, a case of AMC with severe otolaryngologic manifestations is reported. The clinically relevant findings included an expressionless face, micrognathia, poor suck reflex, high arched palate, and an omega-shaped epiglottis, but otherwise normal larynx, trachea, and esophagus by endoscopic examination. Airway compromise, achalasia, aspiration pneumonitis, and poor nutrition were constant problems. tracheostomy and gastrostomy were subsequently placed, and the patient's clinical course eventually improved. Early involvement of the otolaryngologist and placement of a tracheostomy and gastrostomy are recommended in those patients with severe otolaryngologic manifestations of AMC.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.26107675708535keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Routine use of office endoscopy in otolaryngology.A skilled endoscopist using a flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope can complete a thorough examination of the upper aerodigestive tract in less time than it takes to heat up a laryngeal mirror. The examination is accomplished with only minimal discomfort for the majority of patients. Consistently clear photographs may be made of the physical findings. The yield, in terms of disease demonstrated and documented, well justifies the routine use of the flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope on virtually every patient seen for otolaryngologic evaluation. I shall present sixteen examples of pathosis of the upper aerodigestive tract that were overlooked by the traditional means of otolaryngologic examination. All were discovered by the "routine" use of flexible fiberoptic endoscopy. Seven malignant conditions are included.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5221535141707keywords = tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Digital subtraction angiography: applications in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery.Digital electronic technology has made its most notable contribution to radiology in the form of the CT scanners which have so greatly benefited medical practice. Experience with intravenous angiography using a digital fluoroscopy unit developed at the University of arizona gives promise of a further major benefit in the area of angiography. The majority of examinations are conducted on an outpatient basis with a risk level comparable to that of an intravenous pyelogram. The authors review their experience with this unit, including it's diagnostic and therapeutic applications to congenital and acquired vascular diseases, neoplasms, and vascular trauma of the head and neck.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. malignant hyperthermia in the otology patient: the UCLA experience.malignant hyperthermia is a seemingly rare genetic myopathy. Hypermetabolic crisis accompanied by a rise in body temperature to as high as 44 degrees C is its hallmark. malignant hyperthermia is usually triggered by potent inhalational anesthetics and/or depolarizing muscle relaxants. Because of the extraordinary risk of death in patients who are at risk, otologists may be reluctant to operate on these patients. Seven such patients were referred to the Section of Otology, neurotology, and skull base Surgery and the UCLA malignant hyperthermia Center Following first episodes of malignant hyperthermia or with a strong family history of malignant hyperthermia for anesthetic and surgical management. They were anesthetized with nitrous oxide, barbiturates, opiates, tranquilizers, and nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The patients were not treated prophylactically with dantrolene. Cardiac monitoring, end-tidal PC02, and rectal temperatures were followed. All seven patients had a vastus lateralis muscle biopsy performed and subsequent caffeine/halothane contracture studies completed. The contracture study was positive in six of the seven patients studied. No anesthetic or surgical complications were encountered. This study demonstrates that patients at risk of developing malignant hyperthermia crisis can have otologic surgical procedures performed safely while undergoing appropriately selected general anesthesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |