1/124. meningioma presenting as tolosa-hunt syndrome.A 23-year-old woman was admitted with headache, nausea, vomiting and blurred vision on the left side. Neurological examination showed ptosis with a complete internal and external ophthalmoplegia and a red fullness around the left orbita. Computed tomographic scanning of the brain revealed no abnormalities. As she improved on high doses of steroids a diagnosis of tolosa-hunt syndrome (THS) seemed to be indicated. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion with intermediate signal intensity in the left cavernous sinus. craniotomy was performed when symptoms of THS recurred. Histopathological examination revealed a meningioma with a papillary aspect and some mitoses. This case illustrates that: (1) THS is still a diagnosis by exclusion; (2) MRI and histopathological examination are important if there is any doubt about the diagnosis; and (3) also when there is no doubt, improvement after steroid therapy may be a diagnostic pitfall. Therefore, not only MRI but also orbital phlebography and angiography should seriously be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/124. Rhinosino-orbital mucormycosis causing cavernous sinus thrombosis and internal carotid artery occlusion: radiological findings in a patient with treatment failure.The authors describe a case of rhinosino-orbital mucormycosis with cavernous sinus thrombosis in association with internal carotid artery occlusion diagnosed by use of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cranial CT is a useful imaging tool in the diagnosis of rhinosinal invasive fungal disease and MRI offers excellent aid in the detection of intracranial extension. early diagnosis and rapid institution of surgical debridement and antifungal therapy is the rule of thumb in treating this disorder. In our patient, surgically inaccessible bone lesion and involvement of the central nervous system are taken as major causes for his grave outcome. In addition, failure to advance appropriate amphotericin b dosage may also make the infectious process uncontrollable in this patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/124. Orbital edema resulting from Haller's cell pathology: 3 case reports and review of literature.Sinuspathology must be considered when rapid onset of unilateral orbital edema is found in the absence of ophtalmologic signs. Urgent medical treatment is necessary in these patients when headache, fever, facial pain and vision problems are present. However, symptoms may be more subtle. Three female patients with unilateral orbital edema and facial pain are presented. inflammation of an ipsilateral Haller's cell should be considered as one of the potential causes of unilateral orbital edema and it can be the only cause. To our knowledge this is the first report of Haller's cell disease resulting in an orbital complication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/124. mucormycosis of the nose and paranasal sinuses.Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection initiated in the paranasal sinuses that frequently progresses to orbital and brain involvement. If recognized early, involvement is limited to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Diabetics in poor control are at greatest risk, however, any immunocompromised individual may be infected. The mainstays of therapy are reversal of immunosuppression, systemic amphortericin B, and surgical debridement. survival has improved dramatically, yet deaths still occur if the infection is not recognized and not treated early in its course or if the source of immunocompromise is not reversible. Several case examples illustrate the clinical course of this unusual, but potentially fatal, fungal infection. Taxonomy, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses are reviewed in detail.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/124. Sinus histiocytosis: some radiologic observations.Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is an unusual disease characterized by prominent lymph node enlargement, especially in the cervical region. The clinical course is benign although prolonged, and no specific treatment is required. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Four cases of sinus histiocytosis are reported, one in association with mediastinal lymph node enlargement and two in patients with orbital enlargement. One other patient had cervical masses. The radiologic features are reviewed to increase awareness of this entity as a cause of lymph node and orbital enlargement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/124. Orbital lipogranuloma after sinus surgery.PURPOSE: To report the treatment and histopathological findings in two cases who developed eyelid swelling, proptosis and diplopia due to orbital and lid lipogranuloma after endoscopic surgery of the maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses. methods: To relieve the proptosis and diplopia, debulking surgery was done on the eyelids and orbit. The tissue removed was sent for histopathological examination. RESULTS: The two patients improved after surgery. The eyelid swelling, proptosis and diplopia subsided and ocular movements became normal. Histopathologic examination disclosed an extensive lipogranuloma. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive orbital and eyelid lipogranuloma causing proptosis and diplopia is a rare complication of endoscopic sinus surgery, and can be relieved by surgical debulking.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/124. Orbital compartment syndrome caused by intraorbital bacitracin ointment after endoscopic sinus surgery.PURPOSE: To present an unusual case of orbital compartment syndrome after endoscopic sinus surgery. methods: Case report. RESULTS: Acute proptosis, chemosis, decreased vision, and ophthalmoplegia were found immediately after endoscopic sinus surgery. Ophthalmologic evaluation showed a tense orbit, and intraocular pressure increased to 54 mm Hg. Treatment was initiated and the intraocular pressure dropped. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the presence of bacitracin ointment in the orbit. CONCLUSION: Ophthalmic complications after sinus surgery are well identified. Postoperative orbital compartment syndrome may be caused by retrobulbar hemorrhage, edema, air (emphysema), or foreign material. In this case, the findings were caused by inadvertent injection of bacitracin ointment into the orbit.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/124. Sino-orbital fistula: two case reports.A fistula between the paranasal sinuses and the orbit as a late complication of orbital fractures is rare and may present with intermittent symptoms due to air passing into the orbit. A case note review of two patients with sino-orbital fistula is presented. Two patients, 23- and 30-year-old males, presented with intermittent symptoms of globe displacement, diplopia or discomfort months after repair of an orbital floor fracture with a synthetic orbital floor implant. The symptoms occurred after nose blowing. They were both cured by removal of the implant and partial removal of the tissue surrounding the implant. A sino-orbital fistula may complicate the otherwise routine repair of an orbital floor fracture, but may be cured by removal of the implant and part of the surrounding pseudocapsule.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/124. Unusual intradiploic hematoma.This 58-year-old man presented with a left frontal bone lesion that had been growing over a 2-year period. The lesion increased in size, resulting in proptosis that affected the patient's visual acuity and eyeball movement. On computerized tomography and x-ray studies, a huge lesion located between the widened frontal diploic bone and involving the orbital roof and paranasal sinuses was noted. The entire lesion was radically resected. The authors unexpectedly found that an intradiploic organized hematoma had caused the swelling.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/124. Two cases of orbital infarction syndrome.Orbital infarction syndrome is defined as ischemia of all intraorbital and intraocular structures. It is a rare disease caused by rich anastomotic vascularization of the orbit. It can occur secondary to different conditions, such as, acute perfusion failure, systemic vasculitis, orbital cellulitis and vasculitis. It results in orbital and ocular pain, total ophthalmoplegia, anterior and posterior segment ischemia, and acute blindness. We report here upon two cases of orbital infarction with similar presentations but with different causes, namely, mucormycosis and as a postoperative complication of intracranial aneurysm, discuss the possible mechanisms of orbital infarction, and present a review of the literature on the topic. The prompt recognition of clinical pictures and rapid diagnosis is essential for the early treatment of orbital infarction, since its progression is very rapid and it can be even fatal.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10keywords = orbital (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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