1/16. Sinus polyp-associated soft tissue lesion and unilateral blindness: complications of extraction in leukemic patient.A case of an inflammatory polyp-associated lesion extending through an extraction socket appearing as an intraoral nodular lesion and unilateral blindness secondary to leukemic optic nerve head infiltration is reported. The patient was a 28-year-old male whose his upper first molar had been extracted fifteen days previously. The lesion was an asymptomatic soft tissue mass, red in color and hot tender to palpation, involving the alveolar ridge in the maxillary molar area. Although this is apparently a rare occurrence, the nature of the lesion was suggested by the history, clinical appearance, and radiographic findings. Excision of the inflammatory lesion was followed by complete healing with closure of the lesion. Unfortunately, the blindness was irreversible. The patient is still under leukemia therapy. review of the literature did not yield any other such cases. The role of oral lesions as a diagnostic indicator and the importance of dental surgeons in the diagnosis of leukemic patients are discussed. It is concluded that proper precautions and meticulous early diagnosis are required in these patients and that dental practitioners should be aware of the diagnostic features and possibilities of oral complications associated with leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. Infectious and neoplastic diseases of the sphenoid sinus--a report of 10 cases.Sphenoid opacifications may be discovered during the radiological work up of patients presenting with fever, headache, or neurological changes. While most of these patients do not require surgical intervention, prompt assessment and management is nevertheless required. Ten patients who underwent sphenoidotomy for drainage or biopsy at Montefiore Hospital during a 4-year period from September 1995 through January 2000 are presented. Nine out of 10 patients had predisposing factors such as AIDS, diabetes, leukemia, and end-stage renal disease. The most common presentation was altered mental status. One patient rapidly developed cavernous sinus thrombosis. microbiology of sphenoid cultures included various fungi, mycobacterium avium intracellulare, coagulase negative Staphylococci, and corynebacterium. neoplastic processes included non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. When evaluating hospitalized patients with sphenoid sinus disease, a thorough history and a bedside nasal endoscopy should be performed. Conservative management in the form of intravenous antibiotics and topical decongestion should always be the first line of treatment. Those patients with clinical or radiological evidence of disease extending beyond the confines of the sphenoid sinus require immediate surgical intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. Potential reduction of the incidence of radiation-induced second cancers by using proton beams in the treatment of pediatric tumors.PURPOSE: To assess the potential influence of improved dose distribution with proton beams compared to conventional or intensity-modulated (IM) X-ray beams on the incidence of treatment-induced secondary cancers in pediatric oncology. methods AND MATERIALS: Two children, one with a parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and a second with a medulloblastoma, were used as models for the purpose of this study. After defining the target and critical structures, treatment plans were calculated and optimized, four for the RMS case (conventional X-ray, IM x-rays, protons, and IM protons) and three for the irradiation of the spinal axis in medulloblastoma (conventional X-ray, IM x-rays, protons). Secondary cancer incidence was estimated using a model based on Publication No. 60 of the International Commission on Radiologic Protection. This model allowed estimation of absolute risks of secondary cancer for each treatment plan based on dose-volume distributions for the nontarget organs. RESULTS: Proton beams reduced the expected incidence of radiation-induced secondary cancers for the RMS patient by a factor of >or=2 and for the medulloblastoma case by a factor of 8 to 15 when compared with either IM or conventional X-ray plans. CONCLUSIONS: The potential for a significant reduction in secondary cancers with pediatric cancers after using proton beams (forward planned or IM) in the treatment of RMS and MBD in children and adolescents represents an additional argument supporting the development of proton therapy for most radiotherapy indications in pediatric oncology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 318.49772806958keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Optic neuropathy secondary to radiotherapy for nasal melanoma.Optic neuropathy is a rare but important complication of radiotherapy used in the treatment of cancers of the head and neck, usually resulting in rapidly progressive blindness in one or both eyes. The case is presented of a 77-year-old woman with bilateral optic neuropathy resulting in blindness, secondary to radiotherapy for a melanoma of the nasal cavity. The onset of optic neuropathy occurred 9 months post-radiotherapy, at a cumulative dose of 6000 rad. The left eye was first involved, with the right eye becoming involved within 2 weeks. Despite treatment with oral anticoagulation and high dose intravenous methylprednisolone, there was progressive deterioration resulting in bilateral optic atrophy, with final visual acuities of perception of light in the right eye and no perception of light in the left eye. This case demonstrates that oral anticoagulation was ineffective in the treatment of progressive radiation-induced optic neuropathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 63.699545613916keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. Three cases of oral squamous cancer associated with leukocytosis, hypercalcemia, or both.Three examples of malignant neoplasms primary to the oral cavity and associated with paraneoplastic syndromes are presented. The first case is a squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla associated with leukocytosis. The second case is a mandibular squamous cell carcinoma associated with hypercalcemia in the absence of bony metastases. The third case is a squamous cancer of the tongue that metastasized to the lumbar vertebrae and right second rib and was associated with both hypercalcemia and leukocytosis. There was no evidence of acute infection or leukemia that could be expected to account for leukocytosis. hypercalcemia in the second case was defined as humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy by biochemical and clinical evaluations. To our knowledge, this is the first definitive report of a carcinoma primary to the oral cavity associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In each case, the severity of hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both very closely correlated with tumor growth. Surgical excision of the tumors or regression of tumor mass due to aggressive anticancer drug administration resulted in decreases in leukocyte number, serum calcium level, or both. In contrast, recurrence or regrowth of tumors induced further development of hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both. It is therefore likely that humoral factors released by these oral carcinomas are responsible for the hypercalcemia, leukocytosis, or both.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Upper respiratory tract involvement in adult T-cell leukemia.adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is characterized by peripheral lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly and skin lesions. The association of local mass lesions of other organs with ATL is extremely rare. This report describes a 57-year-old woman with chronic type ATL with associated local tumor masses in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and larynx as well as skin infiltration. Histologic investigation of the skin lesion and nasal mucosa revealed non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse, mixed type. Her chief complaints were progressive dyspnea and hoarseness. Leukemic cell masses in her upper respiratory tract caused narrowing of the airway, which was responsible for her complaints.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma originating in the paranasal sinus.A case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) occurred in a 60-year-old woman who had a disturbance of right eye movement and visual acuity. She was born and lived in southwest japan, an endemic area of ATLL. Rhinoscopic and roentgenologic examinations revealed a mass in the ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses. Histologic examination showed a diffuse lymphoma (a medium cell type with T-cell properties). The ATL (adult T-cell leukemia) cells (abnormal multi-lobed lymphocytes) were found in the peripheral blood. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I antibody was found to be 320 times positive. Based on the above findings, the patient's condition was diagnosed as ATLL, and she was treated by chemotherapy. However, the patient died due to general prostration seven months after the onset of the disease. The literature on this disease is summarized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. Spontaneous cure of end-stage acute nonlymphocytic leukemia complicated with chloroma (granulocytic sarcoma).Spontaneous regression of end-stage acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) complicated with chloroma (granulocytic sarcoma) was observed in a child after the patient had been sent home for terminal care. The patient was initially found to have the 8;21 translocation and has survived without any evidence of disease 101 months after the initial diagnosis and 80 months after the discontinuation of all therapy. Spontaneous regression of a wide variety of tumors has been reported, but this observed case has no features in common with those cases. Special implications of this case are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Computed tomography in hematologic malignancies of paranasal sinuses.Hematologic malignancies of the paranasal sinuses are uncommon. Four young patients with ophthalmologic abnormalities as a chief complaint are presented. lymphoma or leukemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of destructive lesions in the paranasal sinuses, particularly in children and young adults.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma): MR findings.Complications of the central nervous system are not uncommon in patients with a diagnosis of leukemia including infections and hemorrhage. We present the magnetic resonance (MR) findings of granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in two leukemic patients who presented with masses in the cerebellopontine angle and in the cavernous and the sphenoid sinuses. The MR signal displayed by these two lesions was isointense to the brain on both T1- and T2-weighted images. This signal intensity differs from that observed in cases of hemorrhage or infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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