1/49. poliomyelitis-like syndrome associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.A 20-month-old male presented with an acute clinical syndrome resembling poliomyelitis, characterized by a flaccid monoplegia, areflexia of the involved limb, and preserved sensation. Electrophysiologic studies supported a neuronopathic localization involving the anterior horn cells. Although laboratory evidence for a poliovirus infection was absent, serologic and polymerase chain reaction studies documented an active central nervous system infection with Epstein-Barr virus, indicating that a poliomyelitis-like syndrome may be produced by infectious agents other than enteroviruses.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/49. Virtual reality in paraplegia: a VR-enhanced orthopaedic appliance for walking and rehabilitation.spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have a profound physical, social and emotional cost to patients and their families. Obviously SCIs severely disrupt normal patterns of interaction with the environment. Firstly, the opportunities for active interaction are inevitably diminished due to motor or sensory impairment. Moreover, such problems may increase as the time since injury lengthens and the patient becomes more withdrawn and isolated in all spheres of activity. However, advances in Information technology are providing new opportunities for rehabilitation technology. These advances are helping people to overcome the physical limitations affecting their mobility or their ability to hear, see or speak. In this chapter an overview is given of the design issues of a VR-enhanced orthopaedic appliance to be used in SCI rehabilitation. The basis for this approach is that physical therapy and motivation are crucial for maintaining flexibility and muscle strength and for reorganizing the nervous system after SCIs. First some design considerations are described and an outline of aims which the tool should pursue given. Finally, the design issues are described focusing both on the development of a test-bed rehabilitation device and on the description of a preliminary study detailing the use of the device with a long-term SCI patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33002830715293keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/49. Spinal lesions, paraplegia and the surgeon.Thirty-six patients with spinal cord lesions and varying degrees of paraplegia were seen by the surgical team at the Angau Memorial Hospital, Lae, over a thirty month period. Because the continued presence of a spinal lesion may lead to progressive cord destruction and ischaemic myelopathy, prompt treatment is advocated. The depressing results that have followed treatment of fracture dislocations of the cervical spine and secondary neoplasm with paraplegia is recorded and some suggestions are made that may improve the outlook in future cases. Early and major surgery is advocated in the treatment of spinal abscesses, tumours, Pott's paraplegia and unstable fracture dislocations of the lumbar spine.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0092974681844174keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/49. carcinoma in isolated bladder after ileoconduit diversion.A thirty-six-year-old Caucasian male paraplegic of sixteen years' duration, who was found to have carcinoma of the bladder about twenty-three months after an ileoconduit diversion had been performed for decompensated neurogenic bladder is presented. Chronic infection and residual urine may irritate or accelerate the process of neoplastic change in transitional epithelium. Obviously the supravesical diversion of urine in this patient did not avoid the occurrence of cancer. A plea is made for periodic checks using bladder exfoliative cytology and cystoscopy of the isolated bladder for early detection of vesical neoplasm.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0092974681844174keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/49. Functional recovery from paraplegia caused by syphilitic meningomyelitis.BACKGROUND: Syphilitic involvement of the nervous system can present in many different ways. We report a patient who presented with rapidly evolving paraparesis secondary to syphilitic meningomyelitis. methods: Case report. FINDINGS: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies confirmed the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were indicative of leptomeningeal and thoracic spinal cord disease. Treatment with IV penicillin resulted in marked clinical, radiologic, and CSF improvement. MRI imaging provided documentation of spinal cord involvement and was useful in monitoring recovery. This patient's progressive neurologic improvement was monitored for 2 years and documented by periodic Functional Independence Measure scores. CONCLUSION: Recognition of this unusual complication of secondary neurosyphilis is important, because it is a treatable cause of paraparesis with potential for good recovery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33002830715293keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/49. Intraspinal extramedullary haematopoiesis in a patient with myelofibrosis.A 54-year-old patient with myelofibrosis developed paresis of the legs, and bladder dysfunction due to extramedullary haematopoiesis in the spinal channel. He was given palliative radiotherapy but died shortly afterwards. Although rare, the possibility of extramedullary haematopoiesis in the central nervous system should be considered when neurological symptoms appear in a patient with myelofibrosis, because good palliation is possible with timely radiotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/49. Unusual presentation of posterior mediastinal chordoma in a 2-year-old boy.chordoma is a rare and slow-growing malignant neoplasm that arises from the embryonic notochord. It is rare to see a thoracic chordoma presenting as a posterior mediastinal mass with pleural seeding in a child. The authors report a chordoma of the thoracic spine with posterior mediastinal extension and pleural seeding in a 2-year-old boy who presented with asymmetric bilateral hand temperature and lower limb paralysis. The clinical course progressed rapidly, resulting in death.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0092974681844174keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/49. lymphoma-induced polyradiculopathy in AIDS: two cases.Progressive polyradiculopathy is a rare, well-documented complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in man. It has been commonly attributed to a cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. We report two hiv-infected patients with clinical and electrophysiological features of a unique, subacute, progressive polyradiculopathy. Post-mortem examination in case 1 disclosed an infiltration of the leptomeninges, the lumbar spinal cord, and the anterior and posterior roots by a B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma. immunochemistry for HIV1 and CMV was negative in the peripheral and the central nervous system. Case 2 showed bone-marrow involvement by a Burkitt type lymphoma. Specific chemotherapy was followed by both clinical improvement of the polyradiculopathy and complete remission on a second bone-marrow biopsy. These findings may indicate that a lymphoma must also be considered a possible cause of polyradiculopathy in AIDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/49. Intrauterine west nile virus: ocular and systemic findings.PURPOSE: To report the first documented case of intrauterine transmission of west nile virus (WNV) with resulting congenital chorioretinal scarring and central nervous system malformation in a newborn. DESIGN: Case report. methods: Ophthalmic findings and laboratory data in an otherwise presumed healthy 2-day-old female are presented. The infant's mother developed paraplegia due to WNV during the second trimester of her pregnancy. The newborn's external and general physical examination were unremarkable. RESULTS: Ophthalmic examination disclosed marked chorioretinal changes, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated severe abnormalities. serology for WNV was positive. Other causes of congenital chorioretinal changes were ruled out with the appropriate serology. CONCLUSIONS: Intrauterine transmission of WNV may result in significant ocular and neurologic morbidity. Titers for this important and emerging viral pathogen should be obtained when standard serologies are negative in an infant with congenital chorioretinal scarring.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/49. Spinal cord arteriovenous malformation in a person with congenital lymphatic abnormalities.Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations have been described in association with a variety of congenital diseases affecting the vasculature, including klippel-trenaunay-weber syndrome, Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome and others, but rarely in association with lymphatic abnormalities. We report the case of a young man with congenital lymphedema and arteriovenous malformations of one lower extremity and a spinal cord arteriovenous malformation. awareness of the possible presence of a central nervous system arteriovenous malformation in individuals with pre-existing arteriovenous and lymphatic abnormalities may be helpful in their diagnosis and management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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