1/20. A simple reconstructive procedure for radiation-induced necrosis of the external auditory canal.Localized necrosis of the bone, cartilage, and soft tissue of the external auditory canal is an uncommon side effect of radiotherapy to the parotid region. Five patients developed late onset skin necrosis of a quadrant of the ear canal secondary to an underlying osteoradionecrosis of the tympanic ring. We report a one-stage procedure to excise the necrotic tissue and replace it with a local rotational flap derived from the post-auricular skin. Otological side effects of radiotherapy are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = radiation-induced (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/20. Parotid carcinoma as a second malignancy after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.The occurrence of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) in children who survive their primary malignancy is a major cause for concern. Two children with diagnoses of intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at 22 months and 2 years of age were treated with multiagent chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. They experienced painless parotid swelling 6 and 7 years after successful treatment of the ALL. The patients underwent total parotidectomy, and a diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma was made. Both patients experienced transient facial nerve paresis. The incidence of SMN in children successfully treated for primary malignancies is 3% to 12%. Salivary gland tumors are being increasingly described in this setting. Long-term follow-up for survivors of childhood ALL is recommended with prompt assessment and resection of parotid swellings, particularly in children who have received cranial irradiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/20. Parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma following chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Primary parotid gland tumors are rare during childhood; however, these tumors are more common as second malignant neoplasms following radiation therapy. The authors report a case of secondary parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma after chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/20. head and neck granulocytic sarcoma with acute myeloid leukemia: three rare cases.We conducted a retrospective review of pathology files and hospital records and identified three unusual presentations of granulocytic sarcoma associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of the head and neck. At least one mass was observed on the skin of all three patients. A 17-year-old boy had masses in each temporal region that were accompanied by bilateral facial paralysis. He was administered chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but he died of infection secondary to a second relapse 29 months after the initial diagnosis. A 17-year-old girl had a tumor in the right parotid area. She received chemotherapy, but she died of infection and bleeding 2 months after the initial diagnosis. A 33-year-old man had numerous tumors widely disseminated over his skin. He received chemotherapy and was in remission 12 months after the initial diagnosis, but he eventually relapsed and died. Granulocytic sarcoma can be localized in unexpected regions, including the head and neck. This tumor is very often misdiagnosed as a malignant lymphoma, which leads to delayed treatment and a poor outcome. Therefore, clinical and histopathologic findings should be evaluated before any diagnosis of malignant lymphoma is pronounced. Immunohistochemical stains should also be performed on patients with suspected granulocytic sarcoma, and aggressive chemotherapy or immunotherapy should be administered. We believe that high-dose chemotherapy can improve survival rates in granulocytic sarcoma associated with AML.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/20. Facial palsy as first presentation of acute myeloid leukemia.Granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma is a tumor composed of myeloblast or monoblast. These tumors may be found in any location of the body and occur in 5% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases and are more common in pediatric patients. In this report we describe the case of a 27-year-old male who developed lower motor neuron seventh nerve palsy followed by swelling of the parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the soft tissue swelling revealed scattered blasts, and peripheral smear and bone marrow aspirate examination suggested AML. This is a rare presentation of a granulocytic sarcoma leading to a diagnosis of AML.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/20. adult T-cell leukemia predominantly involving exocrine glands.OBJECTIVES: We describe a rare case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) presenting with dry mouth and swelling of bilateral parotid and submandibular glands. The unusual involvement of these exocrine glands by malignant cells prompted us to conduct a detail characterization of these infiltrating and circulating leukemic T cells, which may provide insight to the pathogenesis of exocrine involvement in ATL. methods: immunophenotyping of peripheral ATL cells and microscopic examinations of various organs prepared by autopsy were performed. Analysis of the repertoire of T-cell receptor (TCR) of parotid gland-infiltrating ATL cells using molecular and immunohistochemical examinations were also performed. RESULTS: Microscopic examinations of various organs prepared by autopsy revealed the predominant and specific exocrine gland infiltration of ATL cells. reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by both TCR spectratyping and complementary determining region (CDR)-3 sequencing analysis of TCR Vbeta of parotid gland-infiltrating T cells revealed a relatively restricted but not single usage of TCR Vbeta. Immunohistochemical analyses of parotid gland specimens detected only a small number of TCR Valphabeta-positive cells in parotid gland-infiltrating ATL cells. CONCLUSIONS: The predominant infiltration of ATL cells in exocrine glands implied that these T cells recognized exocrine gland-specific antigen. However, the absence of both TCR Vbeta mRNA transcripts and TCR Valphabeta protein expression in most ATL cells suggested that antigen recognition via TCR may not have played a major role in adhesion and subsequent infiltration into the exocrine glands in this patient. These results provide important background information to further elucidate the pathogenesis of exocrine gland-specific inflammation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/20. Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 related adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma presenting as a parotid mass diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy.A 48-yr-old black woman with a history of blood transfusions for menorrhagia secondary to uterine fibroids but no known Caribbean association presented with a 6-wk history of a rapidly enlarging right parotid mass. At the time of presentation, she could not close her right eye. An aspiration biopsy showed small, medium, and large lymphoma cells with angulated nuclei, red macronucleoli, and basophilic cytoplasm with fine vacuoles. flow cytometry indicated a (CD25( )/CD7(-)) T-cell lineage, suggesting an human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) 1-related T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, which was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based amplification on dna extracted from fresh tissue with specific oligonucleotide primers for HTLV-1 dna sequence. histology showed interstitial infiltration and destruction of the parotid parenchyma by lymphoma cells without involvement of adjacent lymph nodes. Total body CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were negative for lymphadenopathy but showed liver metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of HTLV-1-related primary parotid lymphoma as the initial presentation of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.035258660158567keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/20. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland in a child previously treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Occurrence of second cancers is a major concern for the care of children cured of cancer. Children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have an increased risk for developing mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the parotid gland. The latent period ranges from 5 to 16 years. A 3-year-old boy presented with pre-B ALL. Treatment included multidrug chemotherapy and prophylactic intrathecal injections of methotrexate and prednisolone. Low-grade MEC of the left parotid gland was diagnosed at the age of 7 years, only 1 year after completing treatment. Local lymph nodes were not metastatic, and course was favorable 8 years after complete surgical excision. This case report is remarkable for the early diagnosis of second cancer, only 4 years after diagnosis of ALL, and its occurrence in parotid gland without previous head and neck irradiation. It highlights the need for concern about second cancers of the parotid gland in children treated for ALL.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.029382216798806keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/20. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland as a second malignant neoplasm.We report two second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) of the parotid gland. Patient 1 was initially diagnosed with precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the scalp. Eight years after her initial diagnosis she presented with a small, painless mass in the region of her parotid gland. Patient 2 was diagnosed with pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Thirteen years after her initial diagnosis she presented with a painless mass in her right cheek. Both patients underwent superficial parotidectomies following excisional biopsies. pathology revealed low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) in both cases. Both patients are currently tumor free.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0058764433597611keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/20. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.As treatment and survival of acute leukemia as well as other types of pediatric cancer improve, the number of second malignancies in these treated patients will increase. Occurrence of these second malignancies in the head and neck is not frequently reported although it is known that radiation treatment, chemotherapy and sometimes the primary lesion itself are risk factors for neoplasia. Malignancies of the parotid gland in the pediatric population are known to be unusual. We discuss a mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a 10-year-old female who 7 years earlier had undergone successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.035258660158567keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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