1/104. sciatic nerve injury associated with fracture of the femoral shaft.The sciatic nerve escapes injury in most fractures of the femoral shaft. We report a case of sciatic nerve palsy associated with a fracture at the distal shaft of the femur. The common peroneal division of the sciatic nerve was lacerated by a bone fragment at the fracture site. Despite the delay in treatment, a satisfactory result was obtained.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/104. Severance of the radial nerve complicating transverse fracture of the mid-shaft of the humerus.A case of radial nerve injury associated with a transverse fracture of the middle third of the humerus is reported. The radial nerve was found to be completely severed at the fracture site. Early exploration of the nerve and internal fixation of the fracture gave a satisfactory result.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/104. Mononeuropathy of the medial branch of the deep peroneal nerve in a scuba diver.Peripheral mononeuropathies occur only rarely in association with decompression illness. The sites previously reported to be affected are areas of potential entrapment in which a peripheral nerve traverses a confined area. In these instances, the pathophysiology has been presumed to be mechanical pressure in an enclosed space by a gas bubble. A rare case is now presented of a peripheral mononeuropathy of the medial branch of the deep peroneal nerve in a scuba diver following surfacing from a 195 foot dive. This case differs from prior reports of mononeuropathy in association with decompression illness in that the affected nerve does not traverse a confined site in which mechanical compression by a gas bubble is likely. The mechanism of injury is hypothesized to be a manifestation of decompression illness with a gas bubble causing blood flow obstruction and an ischemic infarct.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.193395412345keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/104. Posterior interosseous nerve palsy in a patient with rheumatoid synovitis of the elbow: a case report and review of the literature.A 54-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis developed loss of finger extension in the left hand. history, physical examination, and electromyography led to the diagnosis of posterior interosseous nerve palsy secondary to synovitis of the elbow. Anterior decompression and synovectomy resulted in a complete recovery. A literature review describes similar cases and compares outcomes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.54834885308625keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/104. Occipital condyle fracture with peripheral neurological deficit.A 24-year-old woman sustained a type III Anderson and Montesano fracture in a road traffic accident. Acute respiratory stridor, multiple cranial nerve palsies and right upper limb neurological deficits associated with a C1 to T2 extradural haematoma were unique features of this case. The patient made a full and uncomplicated recovery with conservative management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71428571428571keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/104. Lesion of the anterior branch of axillary nerve in a patient with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies.We report the case of a 30-year-old woman affected by hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), who developed a painless left axillary neuropathy after sleeping on her left side, on a firm orthopaedic mattress, in her eighth month of pregnancy. electromyography (EMG) showing neurogenic signs in the left anterior and middle deltoid, and normal findings in the left teres minor, posterior deltoid and other proximal upper limb muscles, demonstrated that the lesion was at the level of the axillary anterior branch. A direct compression of this branch against the surgical neck of the humerus seems the most likely pathogenic mechanism. This is the first documented description of an axillary neuropathy in HNPP. knowledge of its possible occurrence may be important for prevention purposes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.54834885308625keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/104. Electrophysiological analysis of pudendal neuropathy following traction.Pudendal neuropathy is an unusual but important complication of orthopedic surgical procedures involving traction on the fracture table. We describe the clinical and electrophysiological features in six patients presenting with perineal sensory disorders and sexual dysfunction following surgical repair of femoral fracture, hip dislocation, or intra-articular foreign body, in which the traction table was used. All underwent electrophysiological recordings: bulbocavernosus muscle electromyography (EMG), measurements of the bulbocavernosus reflex latencies (BCRLs), somatosensory evoked potentials of the pudendal nerve (SEPPNs), sensory conduction velocity of the dorsal nerve of the penis (SCVDNP), and pudendal nerve terminal motor latencies (PNTMLs). Signs of denervation localized to the territory of the pudendal nerve were found in 3 patients, normal BCRL in 6, abnormal SEPPNs in 4, and abnormal SCVDNPs and PNTMLs in all cases. The outcome at 2-year follow-up was good, except in one patient with initially unrecordable PNTML. Perineal electrophysiological examination can thus confirm the pudendal neuropathy and give prognostic information.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.28571428571429keywords = fracture (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/104. Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression.STUDY DESIGN: Case report of an iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy appearing 8 weeks after a posterior spinal decompression procedure. OBJECTIVES: To describe a potential complication and differential diagnosis for nerve root symptoms following spinal decompression. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Iliopsoas hematoma is usually a complication of anticoagulation, hemophilia, or trauma. It has not been described previously as a complication of posterior spinal decompression. femoral neuropathy results from compression within the iliopsoas compartment. methods: A 53-year-old woman reported pain in the right side of her groin and an increasing fixed flexion deformity of the right hip 8 weeks after a posterior, midline, spinal decompression. A femoral neuropathy later developed. magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were performed. RESULTS: Imaging studies demonstrated a diffusely enlarged iliopsoas. Exploration revealed a large hematoma, which was evacuated. The compartment was fully decompressed with resolution of the nerve root symptoms within 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Iliopsoas pathology is a rare cause of nerve root symptoms and presented diagnostic difficulties after an apparently successful spinal decompression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.4834885308625keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/104. The value of MR neurography for evaluating extraspinal neuropathic leg pain: a pictorial essay.SUMMARY: Fifteen patients with neuropathic leg pain referable to the lumbosacral plexus or sciatic nerve underwent high-resolution MR neurography. Thirteen of the patients also underwent routine MR imaging of the lumbar segments of the spinal cord before undergoing MR neurography. Using phased-array surface coils, we performed MR neurography with T1-weighted spin-echo and fat-saturated T2-weighted fast spin-echo or fast spin-echo inversion recovery sequences, which included coronal, oblique sagittal, and/or axial views. The lumbosacral plexus and/or sciatic nerve were identified using anatomic location, fascicular morphology, and signal intensity as discriminatory criteria. None of the routine MR imaging studies of the lumbar segments of the spinal cord established the cause of the reported symptoms. Conversely, MR neurography showed a causal abnormality accounting for the clinical findings in all 15 cases. Detected anatomic abnormalities included fibrous entrapment, muscular entrapment, vascular compression, posttraumatic injury, ischemic neuropathy, neoplastic infiltration, granulomatous infiltration, neural sheath tumor, postradiation scar tissue, and hypertrophic neuropathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.54834885308625keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/104. Cutaneous sensory nerve fibers are decreased in number after peripheral and central nerve damage.Two dermatologic patients displaying peripheral and central nerve damage, respectively, are described. Cutaneous nerve fibers in both patients were studied in skin biopsy specimens taken from neuropathic areas and from the contralateral side, immunocytochemistry being applied to a pan-neuronal marker, a protein gene-product (PGP 9.5). One of the patients, suffering from compression of the ulnar nerve, had dyshidrotic eczema of the hands that was absent on areas of skin that were neuropathic. The cutaneous innervation (most of which was sensory) was reduced by 50% in the neuropathic area as compared with the contralateral side. The other patient had unilateral pruritus on the parethic side after a stroke. The cutaneous innervation of that side was reduced by 80% as compared with the other side. It seems that peripheral sensory innervation is a prerequisite for inflammation, whereas spontaneous itching may emanate from a central nervous system disorder such as a stroke and continue on in partly denervated skin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.54834885308625keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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