1/43. popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: diagnosis and management, with report of three cases.popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is an important albeit infrequent cause of serious disability among young adults and athletes with anomalous anatomic relationships between the popliteal artery and surrounding musculotendinous structures. We report our experience with 3 patients, in whom we used duplex ultrasonography, computed tomography, digital subtraction angiography, and conventional arteriography to diagnose popliteal artery entrapment and to grade the severity of dynamic circulatory insufficiency and arterial damage. We used a posterior surgical approach to give the best view of the anatomic structures compressing the popliteal artery. In 2 patients, in whom compression had not yet damaged the arterial wall, operative decompression of the artery by resection of the aberrant muscle was sufficient. In the 3rd patient, operative reconstruction of an occluded segment with autologous vein graft was necessary, in addition to decompression of the vessel and resection of aberrant muscle. The result in each case was complete recovery, with absence of symptoms and with patency verified by Doppler examination. We conclude that clinicians who encounter young patients with progressive lowerlimb arterial insufficiency should be aware of the possibility of popliteal artery entrapment. early diagnosis through a combined approach (careful physical examination and history-taking, duplex ultrasonography, computerized tomography, and angiography) is necessary for exact diagnosis. The treatment of choice is the surgical creation of normal anatomy within the popliteal fossa.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/43. Remission of superior oblique myokymia after microvascular decompression.Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is an ocular motility disorder characterized by oscillopsia, vertical or torsional diplopia, sometimes combined with pressure sensation. Although the pathophysiological basis is unclear, isolated case reports have documented its association with intracranial pathological processes. We present a case of SOM associated with a vascular compression of the fourth nerve at the root exit zone. Following microneurosurgical decompression, SOM completely resolved and paralysis of the fourth nerve occurred. This was less disturbing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/43. Treatment of pulmonary artery compression due to fibrous mediastinitis with endovascular stent placement.We present the case of a 32-year-old woman with high-grade right pulmonary artery stenosis secondary to fibrous mediastinitis. The patient was managed with balloon angioplasty and stent placement. Only 15 cases of this nature have been reported in the literature, and this is one of the first to be managed with endovascular stent placement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/43. athletes with lower limb ischaemia.The case of a young healthy sportsman and acute exacerbation of chronic infragenicular pain is presented. Further investigation revealed an obstruction of the tibiofibular trunk due to an osteochondroma, arising from the fibula, which was immediately resected. osteochondroma is observed in 1-2% of the population and may present with vascular complications. In young patients and athletes, leg pain may be of vascular origin due to an entrapment or compression and should always be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/43. Aggravation of the nutcracker syndrome during pregnancy.BACKGROUND: The nutcracker syndrome is a rare condition thought to be caused by compression of the left renal vein between the descending aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. CASE: Gross hematuria appeared in the third trimester of an otherwise normal pregnancy. It continued despite treatment, and a cesarean was performed at 37 weeks' gestation. The hematuria stopped postpartum. With postpartum angiography and three-dimensional computed tomography, the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome was finally made. CONCLUSION: pregnancy can aggravate the nutcracker syndrome. This syndrome should be recognized as one of the diseases that causes gross hematuria.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/43. Pulmonary emboli caused by iliac compression syndrome without leg symptoms.Iliac compression syndrome is a clinical condition that occurs as a result of compression of the left common iliac vein by the overlying right common iliac artery. This syndrome most often affects young to middle-aged women, and patients usually have left leg symptoms. We report the unusual case of an 18-year-old male who had pulmonary emboli caused by iliac compression syndrome without leg symptoms. Combined venography and aortography confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was successfully treated with anticoagulants and vena cava filter insertion. Iliac compression syndrome should be considered when pulmonary embolism appears without obvious cause.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.6666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/43. Vascular compression caused by solitary osteochondroma: useful diagnostic methods of magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography.osteochondroma is a common benign bone tumor that sometimes causes vascular complications when the lesion is situated near the knee. Venous complications are seen less frequently. We report two cases of solitary osteochondroma that arose in the distal femur. The patients were an 11-year-old boy and a 16-year-old boy, both of whom were suffering from bone protuberance and lower leg swelling due to congestion. In both patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed dilated popliteal veins at a site distal from the tumors or superficial veins. MR angiography (MRA) showed compressed popliteal arteries, and Doppler ultrasonography revealed weaker blood flow in the dorsalis pedis arteries in the lower leg with the tumor than in the other lower leg. The former patient complained of pain due to swelling in the lower leg, and for this reason the patient underwent resection of the tumor. After resection, both the swelling and the pain were decreased, and Doppler ultrasonography also revealed normal blood flow in the artery. The latter patient had swelling, but no pain, in the lower leg, and accordingly this patient has been followed carefully without resection, since there is always the possibility of irreversible vascular damage caused by osteochondroma, such as arterial or venous occlusion. We present two patients with osteochondroma, both of whom suffered from swelling of the lower leg due to venous compression by the tumor. In both cases, MRI and MRA were useful to show the presence of vascular compression. Doppler ultrasonography could also reveal the blood flow disturbance objectively, even in current osteochondroma cases in which there were no arterial symptoms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/43. An uncommon association of abdominal vascular compression syndromes: Dumbar and Nutcracker.abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting in a young patient led to a diagnosis of median arcuate ligament syndrome. The presence of mild haematuria was associated with a concomitant Nutcracker syndrome. Diagnosis was achieved by a computed tomography scan, which showed compression of the vessels of the coeliac axis and left renal vein. These syndromes are very rare, and their association in the same patient has not been described before. There is no relationship in the aetiology of these entities. In this report we discuss the diagnosis and therapeutic options, and review the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6666666666667keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/43. Nutcracker syndrome: an overlooked cause of hematuria.Nutcracker syndrome is caused by compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, where it courses in the fork formed at the bifurcation of these arteries. The phenomenon results in left renal venous hypertension, which leads to left renal vein and left gonadal vein varices and unilateral hematuria. The main presenting symptom is hematuria, with or without left flank pain. The disorder is easily missed by routine diagnostic methods. Its incidence is likely underestimated. We report on a 25-year-old woman who experienced intermittent gross hematuria and left flank pain. The diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome was missed initially. Abdominal computed tomography, angiography, venography, and magnetic resonance angiography, which were later performed, showed that the left renal vein was compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. The pressure gradient between the left renal vein and the inferior vena cava was 6.8 cm H2O. A diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome was established. She refused surgery and was lost to follow-up. The diagnosis and treatment of nutcracker syndrome are discussed. magnetic resonance angiography is a safe and reliable tool for diagnosing this disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/43. Jejunal varix with extrahepatic portal obstruction treated by embolization using interventional radiology: report of a case.We report a case of relapsing jejunal varix with extrahepatic portal obstruction, which was successfully treated by embolization using interventional radiology. A 79-year-old woman suffered repeated episodes of tarry stools 2 years after undergoing jejunal resection for a jejunal varix. The bleeding point was inferred to be in the small intestine, and abdominal angiography revealed extrahepatic portal obstruction and the development of a jejunal varix around the hepaticojejunostomy. Because surgical obliteration of the varices or a shunt operation for portal decompression may have been very invasive due to severe adhesions, the jejunal varix was embolized with anhydrous ethanol and interlocking detachable coils. There were no changes in liver enzymes, the clearance rate of indocyanine green, or portal pressure, and there has been no sign of rebleeding for 13 months. Our experience shows that hemostasis can last, as long as the embolization can be done without aggravating portal hypertension. In conclusion, embolization using interventional radiology is a safe and useful method of treating intestinal varices.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = compression (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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