1/72. guideline of surgical management based on diffusion of descending necrotizing mediastinitis.BACKGROUND: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis resulting from oropharyngeal abscess, is a serious, life-threatening infection. Exisiting strategies for surgical management, such as transcervical mediastinal drainage or aggressive thoracotomic drainage, remain controversial. methods: Four patients, (three males and one female) were treated for descending necrotizing mediastinitis resulting from oropharyngeal infection. Two had peritonsillar abscesses, while the others experienced dental abscess and submaxillaritis. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis received its classification according to the degree of diffusion of infection diagnosed by computed tomography. mediastinitis in two cases, (Localized descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type I), was localized to the upper mediastinal space above the carina. In the others, infection extended to the lower anterior mediastinum (Diffuse descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIA), and to both anterior and posterior lower mediastinum (Diffuse descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIB). The spread of infection to the pleural cavity occurred in three cases. RESULTS: The surgical outcome concerning each of the patients was successful. Radical cervicotomy (unilateral in three patients, bilateral in the other) in conjunction with mechanical ventilation with continuous postoperative positive airway pressure, was performed in all cases. tracheostomy was established in three patients and pharyngostomy in two. The two descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type I cases were successfully managed with transcervical mediastinal drainage. The descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIA case received treatment through transcervicotomy and anterior mediastinal drainage through a subxiphoidal incision. The patient with descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIB required posterior mediastinal drainage through a right standard thoracotomy followed by left minimal thoracotomy. CONCLUSIONS: The mediastinal infection, the extent of which has been accurately determined by computed tomograms, necessitates radical cervicotomy followed by pleuromediastinal drainage. Situations where infection has spread to posterior medisatinum, particularly when it reaches in the level of the carina (descending necrotizing mediastinitis-type I), may not always require aggressive mediastinal drainage. In comparison, diffuse descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIB demands complete mediastinal drainage with debridement via thoracotomy. Subxiphoidal mediastinal drainage without sternotomy may provide adequate drainage in diffuse descending necrotizing mediastinitis-Type IIA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/72. infectious mononucleosis and bilateral peritonsillar abscesses resulting in airway obstruction.Upper airway obstruction is an uncommon but recognized complication of infectious mononucleosis. The management depends upon the degree of airway compromise. In the case described, severe airway obstruction was treated by securing the airway with awake fibre-optic endoscopic intubation and then proceeding to tonsillectomy. Bilateral inferiorly loculated quinsies were encountered unexpectedly and drained. This is the first report of 'bilateral' quinsies, associated with infectious mononucleosis and severe airway obstruction. The association, pathogenesis and significance of this finding are also discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/72. Case report: extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parapharyngeal space.We report an unusual case of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parapharyngeal space. Clinical presentation looked like right peritonsillar abscess and hypoglossal palsy. After histologic study of his biopsy, this 19-year-old man was given a diagnosis of diffuse large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Immunohistochemical study showed cell-type B and he was determined to have Stage IIE. Treatment combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck presents a diagnostic problem. We review various approaches to extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the head and neck. This condition especially requires communication between the surgeon and the pathologist, essential in preventing an incorrect or delayed diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/72. peritonsillar abscess and infectious mononucleosis: an association or a different presentation of the same condition.Few reports document the coexistence of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) and infectious mononucleosis (IM). In this paper, we are reporting on two cases that presented to our department with the two conditions simultaneously. We also review the literature and discuss the current theories behind what was considered, for sometime, an unusual presentation of a common problem.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/72. Immediate tonsillectomy for peritonsillar abscess.OBJECTIVE: peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is one of the most common infectious diseases of the head and neck region requiring surgical intervention to relieve symptoms such as severe throat pain, fever, dysphagia, and trismus. However, the appropriate management of PTA is still controversial. In europe and the US, immediate tonsillectomy under general anesthesia has been accepted as the treatment for PTA. But in japan, immediate tonsillectomy has been regarded as contraindicated for PTA because of difficulties encountered in the operation during the acute stage, as well as possible postoperative complications. methods: A total of 103 cases of PTA treated at our clinic during the past 16 years were reviewed; immediate tonsillectomies had been performed in 99 of them. Surgical findings, postoperative course, and bacteriological examination were surveyed. RESULTS: The results showed that immediate tonsillectomy under general anesthesia was carried out safely without complications. Dramatic relief of the symptoms was obtained within a few days following each operation. A high incidence of anaerobes was observed by bacteriological examination, suggesting that sufficient drainage is required to treat this disease. CONCLUSION: We conclude that immediate tonsillectomy should be performed for peritonsillar abscess.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/72. Necrotizing fasciitis after peritonsillar abscess in an immunocompetent patient.Cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) is a rapidly progressive, severe bacterial infection of the fascial planes of the head and neck. Group A beta haemolytic streptococcus spp. (GABHS), staphylococcus spp., or obligatory anaerobic bacteria are the most common causative pathogens. The disease usually results from a dental source or facial trauma. Extensive fascial necrosis and severe systemic toxicity are common manifestations of CNF. review of the literature reveals only seven such cases, with four successful outcomes. The authors present the case of a 50-year-old immunocompetent female with CNF arising from a peritonsillar abscess. Intravenous immunoglobulins in conjunction with surgery and antibiotics were used successfully. The authors also suggest the importance of the early diagnosis, aggressive surgical debridement, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and possible usefulness of the intravenous immunoglobulins in the treatment of CNF, especially when the disease is associated with toxic shock syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6666666666667keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/72. Squamous cell carcinoma presenting as a peritonsillar abscess.peritonsillar abscess is a rare presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil. We report two cases illustrating the need to be aware of the possibility and reinforcing the need to send all excised tissue for histopathological diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6666666666667keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/72. Bilateral peritonsillar abscess: case report and presentation of its clinical appearance.Although there is no consensus on its incidence, bilateral peritonsillar abscess is an unusual variant of an otherwise relatively common otolaryngologic disease. A bilateral peritonsillar abscess can be differentiated from other oropharyngeal pathology with a detailed physical examination and complementary imaging. Its diagnosis should always be considered in patients who have signs and symptoms that are suggestive of peritonsillar abscess but whose intraoral examination yields atypical findings, as well as in patients with marked distress or trismus. This article describes the case of a young man who came to the emergency room with bilateral peritonsillar abscess. The author believes that this report contains the only published photograph of the intraoral appearance of this condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.6666666666667keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/72. Idiopathic lymphoepithelial cyst of the parapharynx masquerading as peritonsillar abscess.We present a case of a 38-year-old man who was referred to us with a right-sided quinsy. However he was found to have a large lympho-epithelial cyst in his right parapharynx mimicking the signs of a quinsy to the unsuspecting eye. We describe this case to illustrate an unusual cause of a swelling of the lateral pharyngeal wall.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/72. Synergistic necrotizing cellulitis as a complication of peritonsillar abscess.peritonsillar abscess, a complication of tonsillitis, is not uncommon. The usual treatment consists of needle aspiration or surgical drainage and antibiotic treatment. tonsillectomy may be used in the management of this condition, either at the time of diagnosis or after an interval period. Severe complications of peritonsillar abscess are rare. Synergistic necrotizing cellulitis is a fulminant infection associated with spread along fascial plains, necrosis of connective tissue and muscle, and high mortality. It is usually otondogenic in origin in the cervicofacial area and occurs in debilitated or immune compromised patients. We discuss cervicofacial-necrotizing soft tissue disease and report an unusual case of extensive synergistic necrotizing cellulitis of the neck, chest, and shoulder as a result of a peritonsillar abscess.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.3333333333333keywords = abscess (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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