1/20. Upper aerodigestive tract frostbite complicating volatile substance abuse.Volatile substance abuse has become increasingly popular among today's youth. It has reportedly been used by up to 13% of teenage populations. physicians need to be aware of the potential complications which may arise from this form of substance abuse. We describe the case of a young male who presented with massive edema affecting his lips, oral cavity, oropharynx and trachea. It was later discovered that his injury was secondary to thermal trauma related to the abuse of a fluorinated hydrocarbon propellant. This presentation may easily be confused with allergic or angioneurotic edema. Denial by the patient can lead to a further delay in diagnosis. This case is especially notable since frostbite injury involving the upper aerodigestive tract is extremely rare. We discuss the differential diagnosis and the management principals required in the care of this patient. We also present a pertinent review of the literature related to both volatile substance abuse and its complications involving the airway.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/20. CT study of closure of the hemipharynx with head rotation in a case of lateral medullary syndrome.In a patient with unilateral pharyngeal paralysis, rotation of the head to the paralyzed side can effectively close the hemipharynx on that side. However, the exact level or place of closure is unknown. Serial computed tomography of the pharynx in a patient with lateral medullary syndrome showed that hemipharyngeal closing occurred at the level of the hyoid bone, or the hypopharyngeal cavity above the pyriform sinus, and that the entire space of the bilateral pyriform sinuses remained open despite the head rotation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.036493148700395keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/20. Giant tonsillolith: report of a case.Tonsilloliths or tonsil stones are calcifications that form in the crypts of the palatal tonsils. These calculi are composed of calcium salts either alone or in combination with other mineral salts, and are usually of small size - though there have been occasional reports of large tonsilloliths or calculi in peritonsillar locations. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a one-year history of dysphagia and pharyngeal discomfort with a foreign body sensation, though the manifestations had recently intensified. Exploration of the oral cavity revealed a hard bulging submucosal mass in the region of the soft palate, at right anterior tonsillar pillar level. The mucosa overlying the lesion appeared erythematous. Computed tomography revealed a large, delimited and highly calcified oval image measuring 2.5 x 1.5 cm, which was subsequently surgically removed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/20. An unusual cause of mechanical dysphagia: an agglomerate of calculi in a tonsillar residue.We report the case of a 68-year-old man affected by severe oropharyngeal dysphagia for solid food, who had undergone tonsillectomy when he was 22 years old. Videolaryngoscopy revealed a smooth-surfaced, elongated overgrowth on the left lateral pharyngeal wall that protruded toward the left pyriform fossa and impeded the transit of solid boli. A computed tomography scan showed that the solid content of the lesion was markedly inhomogeneous and denser than the surrounding soft tissues. The mass was removed by means of direct pharyngoscopy under general anesthesia. It was found that it arose from the inferior pole of the left tonsillar fossa and had a central cavity filled with caseum and multiple calculi. Histopathologic examination showed that its soft tissue component consisted of lymphoid tonsillar tissue. The operation totally resolved the swallowing disturbance. This case report highlights that tonsilloliths in a tonsillar residue should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mechanical oropharyngeal dysphagia, even in tonsillectomized patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.036493148700395keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/20. Unusual presentations of coccidioidomycosis: a case series and review of the literature.coccidioidomycosis is an emerging fungal infection of the southwestern united states. Although coccidioides species infections are usually asymptomatic or result in a mild, flu-like illness, disseminated disease may occur in 1% of cases. While extrapulmonary disease usually involves the skin, central nervous system, bones, or joints, coccidioidomycosis is a great imitator, with the ability to infect any tissue or organ. Cases may be diagnosed outside of endemic areas, hence providers worldwide should be aware of the broad range of manifestations of coccidioidomycosis. We present a case series of unusual presentations of coccidioidomycosis including serous cavity infections with cases of pericarditis, empyema, and peritonitis, as well as unusual abscesses involving the retropharyngeal space and gluteal musculature. We provide a complete review of the literature and summarize the clinical presentations, diagnoses, and treatments of these rare forms of disseminated coccidioidomycosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.036493148700395keywords = cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/20. Caustic ingestion injuries of the upper aerodigestive tract.Few reports have described in detail the injuries that occur to the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx following caustic ingestion. The role of dynamic radiographic studies to delineate the extent of damage has been minimized. In-depth radiographic analysis of such cases has not, to our knowledge, been previously reported. In order to examine the injuries and functional abnormalities of these sites following caustic ingestion, the records of The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center were reviewed. Five patients were identified as having significant upper aerodigestive tract caustic injuries. All patients had dysphagia, epiglottis injuries, and incomplete laryngeal protection with aspiration. Four of five had sustained some degree of esophageal stenosis. Also noted were pharyngeal muscle dysfunction, nasopharyngeal regurgitation, tongue fixation, and hypopharyngeal stenosis. Roentgenographic findings are described and illustrated. The multidisciplinary approach to the management and rehabilitation of these patients is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/20. Prevention and treatment of oral complications in the cancer patient.The mouth and throat are vulnerable sites in cancer patients, subject to treatment-related stomatitis and mucositis, and infection due to bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The author presents a summary of the conditions and their causes, and an update on current treatments of choice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.044557062636441keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/20. Unusual complication of an ingested foreign body.Migration of a foreign body from the mouth and throat to the subcutaneous tissue of the neck is very rare. We present a case of a migrating foreign body (a piece of straw) from the floor of the mouth to the neck. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported in the English literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.089114125272881keywords = mouth (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/20. pemphigus vulgaris involving the esophagus. A case report and review of the literature.A case of pemphigus vulgaris confined to the oral cavity, larynx, and hypopharynx for two years with subsequent involvement of the entire esophagus is presented. Histopathology and direct immunofluorescence of the esophagus confirmed the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/20. barium pharyngography: comparison of single and double contrast.In 119 patients referred for barium pharyngography, both single- and double-contrast examinations were performed. The air-contrast examinations were easier to perform and yielded fewer suboptimal studies than the single-contrast examinations. Neither technique proved to be sensitive in the detection of lesions in the oral cavity, but for lesions in the pharynx, the air-contrast technique had a higher sensitivity (87% vs. 33%) and overall accuracy (94% vs. 84%) than the combination of single-contrast radiography and videotaped fluoroscopy. Single-contrast films provided no further information than the combination of the air-contrast views and the videotaped fluoroscopy. The air-contrast examination was clinically helpful in those patients in whom indirect laryngoscopy was difficult.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = oral cavity, cavity (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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