1/29. neurologic manifestations of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections: diverse spectrum of diseases. A report of six cases and review of the literature.mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections of varying severity. It is also responsible for producing a wide spectrum of nonpulmonary manifestations including neurologic, hepatic, cardiac, and hematologic diseases. The neurologic manifestations are reported to be the most common nonpulmonary manifestations. We describe six patients demonstrating the protean neurologic manifestations of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Four patients presented with the central nervous system manifestations of pyramidal and extrapyramidal tract dysfunction, seizures, cognitive abnormalities, and cerebellar dysfunction. Two patients presented with transverse myelitis. The outcome of this condition ranges from normal to severe residual deficits. Increased awareness of this disease entity may facilitate early diagnosis and thereby expedite starting appropriate therapy that may modify the outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/29. Neurological complications associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. A case report.mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a frequent cause of respiratory tract infection. Extra-pulmonary manifestations may be neurological with variable expression, encephalitis being the most frequent. meningitis, myelitis or polyradiculoneuritis are also reported. The pathophysiology of neurological manifestations remains poorly understood. Although not isolated from cerebral tissue, MP was reportedly detected in cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) on several occasions. We report the case of a five-year-old girl who presented with fever, then pneumonia, and later developed spastic quadriparesis. MP was identified as the causative agent, evidenced by the presence of specific antibodies in both serum and CSF. The identification of a central nervous syndrome associated with confirmed MP infection extends the list of similar cases documented in individuals younger than 17 years of age.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99981258346633keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/29. Amniotic membrane in the surgical management of acute toxic epidermal necrolysis.OBJECTIVE: To report a new surgical technique to manage severe acute toxic epidermal necrolysis. DESIGN: Two interventional case reports. PARTICIPANTS: Two patients. Case 1: A 6-year-old boy had severe toxic epidermal necrolysis develop after being treated with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for chronic otitis media. Both eyes and eyelids were affected. He underwent bilateral lysis of symblepharon and all adhesions and bilateral amniotic membrane transplantation to the entire ocular surface except the cornea. Loss of eyelid skin required transplantation of amniotic membrane to all four eyelids and strips of amniotic membrane at the eyelid margins. Case 2: An 8-year-old girl with severe toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with mycoplasma pneumonia had bilateral, diffuse keratoconjunctivitis, diffuse corneal epithelial defects, and bilateral symblepharon. Amniotic membrane transplantation was performed bilaterally, using a symblepharon ring in the left eye. INTERVENTION: Amniotic membrane transplantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preservation of normal ocular and eyelid surfaces and prevention of blindness. RESULTS: Case 1: Thirty-six months after bilateral ocular surgery, there is no symblepharon, good ocular surface wetting, and an uncorrected bilateral vision of 20/20. Case 2: Amniotic membrane transplantation protected both ocular surfaces and prevented conjunctival contracture without adhesion of the eyelids to the ocular surface. The central vision was preserved. There was minimal peripheral corneal vascularization and mild conjunctival scarring of the tarsal conjunctival surface 34 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first cases of acute toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with amniotic membrane transplantation and the first use of the procedure on external eyelid surfaces with good healing of the eyelids. This new treatment for acute toxic epidermal necrolysis preserves normal ocular and eyelid surfaces and may prevent blindness.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0001780953240547keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/29. Transverse myelitis associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonitis: a report of two cases.The authors report two cases of transverse myelitis due to mycoplasma pneumoniae occurring during a recent acute infection due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The clinical picture included weakness of the legs, bladder dysfunction, fever, headache and in one case, a mild confusional state. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a segmental edema of the lumbar tract and cerebro-spinal fluid analysis showed a mild pleocytosis and an increased level of proteins with a blood-brain barrier damage. The diagnosis of acute infection due to mycoplasma pneumoniae was made on serological criteria. The patients recovered completely after a 14-day course of an associated regimen with ciprofloxacin (400 mg/day i.v.) plus prednisone (60 mg/day i.v.). The authors emphasise the immunological disorders in the combined infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae and EBV, supposing that an infective mononucleosis may predispose to mycoplasmic transverse myelitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0001780953240547keywords = tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/29. Acute bilateral thalamic necrosis in a child with mycoplasma pneumoniae.A previously neurodevelopmentally intact 5-year-old male was admitted to hospital with a right lower lobe pneumonia with pleural effusion, subsequently confirmed to be a mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. On the seventh day of the illness he had a prolonged generalized tonic or tonic-clonic convulsion, requiring intubation and ventilation. He was slow to regain consciousness (child's Glasgow coma Score 7-10 over 6 days) and brain imaging with CT and then MRI demonstrated bilateral thalamic lesions with oedema and central haemorrhage suggestive of acute bilateral thalamic necrosis, without striatal or white-matter involvement. He was treated with a 2-week course of erythromycin, and as an autoimmune process was considered possible, 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg/day) followed by a 4-week oral prednisolone taper. He made a slow recovery over the next few weeks with almost complete neurological recovery by 2 months but with significant dysarthria, drooling, and a mild left hemiparesis. At 9 months, significant dystonia continued to affect his speech and, together with tremor, his upper-limb fine motor function bilaterally. His gait, personality, and higher cognitive functions appeared to have recovered fully. Although acute striatal necrosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and encephalitis have been reported with mycoplasma pneumoniae and a similar picture of acute bilateral thalamic necrosis with influenza-A ('acute necrotizing encephalopathy'), this is the first reported case of mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated isolated acute bilateral thalamic necrosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9.3212096186106E-6keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/29. Acute nephritis and respiratory tract infection caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae: case report and review of the literature.A 6-year-old boy presented with an acute infection caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with respiratory tract and kidney involvement. Renal manifestations included acute nephritis with decreased C3 fraction of serum complement, occurring concomitantly with the respiratory symptoms. The child had an excellent outcome, with rapid normalization of C3 and complete resolution of the acute nephritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.0976208107232keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/29. mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child after renal transplantation.Although mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are common among school children and young adults, they have been rarely reported in renal transplant recipients. Herein, we report an 8-yr-old boy who had M. pneumoniae infection 1 yr after transplantation and showed liver dysfunction during the course of the disease. In children who underwent renal transplantation and receive immunosuppressive treatment, we suggest that symptoms of a simple upper respiratory tract infection may precede M. pneumoniae disease with potentially serious extrapulmonary complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99982190467595keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/29. miller fisher syndrome possibly related to mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: report of one case.ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia were first described in 1956 by Miller Fisher and later were referred to as symptoms of miller fisher syndrome (MFS). This syndrome shares certain features with the guillain-barre syndrome (GBS), including areflexia, cerebrospinal fluid findings and often a postinfectious presentation. It was believed to be a variant of GBS, but miller fisher syndrome has several key clinical features which differ from GBS. The anatomic location and pathogenesis of MFS continue to be a matter of debate. Our report focuses on a 6-year-old female patient who developed MFS following a respiratory tract infection with a serologically proven mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Although several neurological complications after mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have been reported, subsequent MFS development has rarely been reported previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99981258346633keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/29. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome in an adult following recent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.A 44-year-old insulin-dependant diabetic woman presented with a pruritic papular eruption involving her hands, forearms and elbows. One week prior to the eruption, the patient had an upper respiratory tract infection and had taken oral ibuprofen 400 mg q.i.d. p.r.n. skin biopsy revealed histological features consistent with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. serology was consistent with recent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and past Epstein-Barr viral infection. Her liver function tests were deranged and serum protein electrophoresis showed two sharp discrete monoclonal immunoglobulin bands. The eruption resolved completely 15 days after onset. Her serum protein studies and liver function tests subsequently normalized and she had no recurrences of her cutaneous eruption. It was concluded that the patient had Gianotti-Crosti syndrome associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99982190467595keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/29. mycoplasma pneumoniae infection associated with hemolytic anemia--report of one case.Immune hemolytic anemia is a rare condition in childhood. Cold agglutinins have been implicated in the etiology of the hemolysis. However, cold agglutinins may occur in various infections, such as mycoplasma pneumoniae and infectious mononucleosis. In children, especially of preschool age, mycoplasma pneumoniae very commonly cause respiratory tract infection, but inducing an immune hemolytic anemia is exceptional. We present here a case of cold agglutinin-related severe hemolytic anemia (Hb = 3.8 gm/dl) secondary to mycoplasma pneumoniae infection who recovered completely after blood transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and medical treatment with erythromycin. It is suggested that even though very rare, mycoplasma pneumoniae may induce the occurrence of cold agglutinins and cause immune hemolytic anemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99981258346633keywords = respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract, tract infection, tract (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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